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Advances in Enzyme Research 2016年第3期4卷 98-112页

作者： lluvia sánchez-pérez silvia Rodríguez-Navarro Victor Hugo Marín-Cruz Miguel Ángel Ramos-López Alejandro palma Ramos Juan Esteban Barranco-Florido Masters program in Agricultural sciences Division of Biological and Health Metropolitan Autonomous University-Xochimilco Coyoacán México Departament of Agricultural and Animal production Metropolitan Autonomous University-Xochimilco Coyoacán México Faculty of Chemistry Autonomous University of Queretaro Santiago de Querétaro México Department of Biological systems Metropolitan Autonomous University-Xochimilco Coyoacán México

The application of enzymatic extracts and conidia of Beauveria bassiana in Metamasius spinolae and Cyclocephala lunulata was evaluated. The variables were mortality and time of death. In M. spinolae, mortality with extracts 29%, conidia 27% and the combination of both 31%, all had a time of death of four days. Although with different symptoms, used enzymatic extracts: contraction and softening of the joints;by conidia: mycelium in the joints;in the combination of conidia and enzymatic extracts: abundant aerial mycelium. In C. lunulata, 100% mortality in all treatments;Time of death: enzymatic extracts and extracts with conidia 1.2 days;conidia 2.8 days. symptoms were different, enzymatic extracts: melanization and internal tissue lysis;enzymatic extract and conidia: mycelium emerged and melanization;conidia: mycelium emerged. Enzymatic extracts showed insecticidal activity in M. spinolae and C. lunulata. These results suggest the potential of enzymatic extracts as biocontrol agents to improve the use of entomopathogenic fungi.

关键词： Insecticidal Activity Beauveria bassiana Metamasius spinolae Cyclocephala lunulata Enzymatic Extracts

Enzymes of Entomopathogenic Fungi, Advances and Insights

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Advances in Enzyme Research 2014年第2期2卷 65-76页

作者： lluvia de Carolina sánchez-pérez Juan Esteban Barranco-Florido silvia Rodríguez-Navarro José Francisco Cervantes-Mayagoitia Miguel ángel Ramos-López Departamento de producción Agrícola y Animal Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana México City México Departamento de sistemas Biológicos Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana México City México Facultad de Química Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro Querétaro México

Entomopathogenic fungi (EF) are recognized biological control agents of insects. Basically, the entomopathogenic fungi pathogen activity depends on the ability of its enzymatic equipment, consisting of lipases, proteases and chitinases, which are in charge of breaking down the insect’s integument. Lipases are the first enzymes synthesized by the entomopathogenic fungi. Recently, a cytochrome p450 subfamily, referred as CYp52XI and MrCYp52 has been identified in Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium robertsii, respectively. These break down long-chain alkenes and fatty acids to become initial nutrients. subsequently, subtilisin type (pr1) proteases sintetize;these enzymes are considered as virulence indicators and they are regulated by a signal transduction mechanism activated by the protein kinase A (pKA) mediated by AMpc. Through the employment of genetic engineering, it has been possible to increase virulence producing pr1 recombinants with Androctonus australis neurotoxins or with chitinases, reducing the insect’s time of death. In the course of time, the pr1 protease gene has presented evolutionary adaptations by gene duplication or horizontal transfer infecting different orders of insects. In the same way, the entomopathogenic fungi chitinases have presented a functional diversification. Currently, these have been phylogenetically classified into three subgroups, in accordance to the catalytic site domain and the chitin binding domain. The chitinolytic activity has increased through a directed evolution processes and genetic recombination with Bombyx mori chitinase. Recently, enzymes have been employed as control agents for insects and phytopathogenic fungi (disease originator) opening new potentialities in order to improve the entomopathogenic fungi use. solid state fermentation is a bioprocess that would produce at great scale enzymes and some other metabolites in grade of increasing the entomopathogenic fungi virulence, in the control of insects and potentially

关键词： Lipases proteases Chitinases Host Evolution Biocontrol Agent

Total phenolic content,in vitro antioxidant activity and chemical composition of plant extracts from semiarid Mexican region

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Asian pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2015年第2期8卷 104-111页

作者： Jorge E.Wong-paz Juan C.Contreras-Esquivel Raúl Rodríguez-Herrera María L.Carrillo-Inungaray lluvia I.López Guadalupe V.Nevárez-Moorillón Cristóbal N.Aguilar Laboratory of Bioprocesses and Natural products Food Research DepartmentSchool of ChemistryUniversidad Autónoma de CoahuilaSaltillo25280México Laboratory of Biochemistry Multidisciplinary Academic Unit-HuastecaUniversidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí79060Cd.VallesS.L.P.Mexico Department of Microbiology School of ChemistryUniversidad Autónoma de Chihuahua31125 ChihuahuaMexico

Objective:To determine the extraction suitable conditions of total phenolic content(TpC) by heat-reflux system,antioxidant activities and HpLC characterization of the aqueous-ethanolic extracts of Jatropha dioica(***)(Dragon's blood).Flourensia cernua(***)(Tar bush).Eucalyptus camaldulensis(***)(Eucalyptus) and Turnera diffusa(***)(Damiana).Methods:TpC was evaluated by the well-known colorimetric assay using FolinCiocalteu *** antioxidant activities were assayed by three methods based on scavenging of DppH,ABTs and by lipid oxidation *** chemical composition of the extracts obtained was subject to HpLC ***:TpC in the plant extracts ranged from 2.3 to14.12 mg gallic acid equivalents/g for *** and ***,*** plant extracts of ***,*** and *** showed similar strong antioxidant activities on scavenging of DppH and lipid oxidation *** contrast,*** extracts had lowest potential antioxidant in three assays *** assay showed the presence of several phenolic compounds in the extracts ***:The results obtained suggest that ***,*** and *** are potential sources to obtain bioactive phenolic compounds with high antioxidant properties which can be used in the factories as antioxidant agents or for treatments in diseases.

关键词： plant-extracts polyphenols Natural antioxidants Mexican plants Heat-reflux system

Optimal positioning of Mobile platforms for Accurate Manipulation Operations

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Journal of Computer and Communications 2019年第5期7卷 1-16页

作者： Iker lluvia Ander Ansuategi Carlos Tubí o Loreto susperregi Iñ aki Maurtua Elena Lazkano IK4-TEKNIKER Eibar Spain Faculty of Informatics University of the Basque Country Donostia Spain

Many mobile robotics applications, especially in industrial environments, require the robot to perform safe navigation and then reach the goal with a high precision. In this research work, the objective is to analyze the appropriateness of autonomous natural navigation strategies for mobile manipulation tasks. The system must position itself in a realistic map, follow a path closely and then achieve an accurate positioning in the destination point in order to be able to perform the manipulation, inspection or pick task efficiently. Autonomous navigation is not able to fulfill the accuracy required by some of the jobs so that a second positioning system using vision is proposed in this paper. The experiments show that localization systems have, on average, an error greater than a decimetre and how an additional positioning system can reduce it to a few millimetres.

关键词： Mobile Robot Mapping Localization Vision Accurate positioning

Rooting of stem Cuttings of <i>Jatropha platyphylla</i>(Euphorbiaceae) in the Obtaining of Axillary Buds for Grafting

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American Journal of plant sciences 2021年第12期12卷 1880-1893页

作者： Edith salazar-Villa Miguel Angel Angulo-Escalante Jesús Diego Castro-Valenzuela Karla Marina Báez-parra lluvia de Abril Alexandra soriano-Melgar Federico soto-Landeros Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A.C. Culiacán México Universidad Autónoma de Occidente Guasave México Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa Culiacán México Centro de Investigación en Química Aplicada Saltillo México Instituto Tecnológico superior de Guasave Guasave México

Jatropha platyphylla is considered as a potential source of edible protein, oil, and phenolic compounds with anti-inflammatory activity. The use of stem cutting in vegetative propagation and grafting is as indispensable tools for mass multiplication of superior genotypes and helps in improve planting yield and quality. The study was aimed to investigate the effect of different diameters (10 - 15, 16 - 25 and 26 - 35 mm) and different hormone concentrations of indo-butyric acid (0, 1.5, 3, 6 and 10 g/L), in the rooting of Jatropha platyphylla and to obtain axillary buds to performed grafts. Rooting efficiency was 80% in greenhouse conditions. Hormone concentration and diameter significantly affected the rooting and shooting ability of Jatropha platyphylla stem cuttings. Stem cuttings of 26 - 35 mm have the greatest number, length and dry root weight. 76% survival of the grafted plants was obtained. This demonstrates the necessity to improve the conventional propagation methods with appropriate scientific inputs for more economical and time efficient techniques for standard propagation protocols.

关键词： Axillary Buds Graft stem Cutting plant Breeding Varietal selection

pesticides Recovery and Detection from Agricultural soil Leachates Using Gas Chromatography Masses with Electron Capture Detector

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American Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2017年第10期8卷 605-616页

作者： lluvia paola Medina-Armenta Gustavo Cruz-Jiménez Margarita Teutli-León Luis A. García de la Rosa Rossy Feria-Reyes Chemistry Department Guanajuato University Guanajuato Mexico pharmacia Department Guanajuato University Guanajuato Mexico Engineering Department Distinguished Autonomous University of Puebla Puebla Mexico UpIG Chemistry Department National Polytechnic Institute Guanajuato Mexico

In this study, it is reported an analytical approach to recover organochlorine pesticides from a clay soil. soil was physical and chemically characterized. Also pesticides extraction was carried out using packed columns and various aqueous media (H2O-milliQ, NaOH, HCl, sDs, Triton X-114, Humic acids and Acetonitrile). The leachate samples were analyzed on an Agilent Technologies 6890N Gas Chromatograph with electron capture in a# AB002 Column 30.0 m × 250 μm × 0.25 μm calibrated, 25 psi pressure, flow 2.9 ml/min, temperature 25°C, ultra-high purity Helium as the entrainment gas and an elution time of 50 min. The results show that the highest extraction percentage of pollutants in the soil washing was obtained with acetonitrile recovering: p, p’-DDT (91.0%);p, p’-DDE (92.0%);p, p’-DDD (96.0%);aldrin (98.6%);dieldrin (98.0%). With Triton X-114, the extractions recovery was: p, p’-DDT (63.0%);p, p’-DDE (64.0%);p, p’-DDD (65.0%);aldrin (67.0%);dieldrin (72.0%). This study illustrates the potential Applicability of spME for routine analysis of organochlorine pesticides in soils.

关键词： Leaching of Organochlorine Compounds surfactants Desorption of pesticides packed Columns soil Gas Chromatography-ECD