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Epidemiology of hepatitis C in Croatia in the European context

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第32期21卷 9476-9493页

作者： Tatjana Vilibic-Cavlek Jasmina Kucinar Bernard Kaic Maja Vilibic Nenad Pandak ljubo barbic Vladimir Stevanovic Jasmina Vranes Department of Virology Croatian National Institute of Public Health and School of Medicine University of Zagreb Department of Microbiology Istria County Institute of Public Health Department of Epidemiology Croatian National Institute of Public Health Vrapce University Psychiatric Hospital Department of Infectious Diseases General Hospital "Dr Josip Bencevic" School of Medicine University of Osijek Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases with Clinic Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Zagreb Department of Microbiology Public Health Institute "Dr Andrija Stampar" and School of Medicine University of Zagreb

We analyzed prevalence, risk factors and hepatitis C virus(HCV) genotype distribution in different population groups in Croatia in the context of HCV epidemiology in Europe, with the aim to gather all existing information on HCV infection in Croatia which will be used to advise upon preventive measures. It is estimated that 35000-45000 of the Croatian population is chronically infected with HCV. Like in other European countries, there have been changes in the HCV epidemiology in Croatia over the past few decades. In some risk groups(polytransfused and hemodialysis patients), a significant decrease in the HCV prevalence was observed after the introduction of routine HCV screening of blood/blood products in 1992. Injecting drug users(IDUs) still represent a group with the highest risk for HCV infection with prevalence ranging from 29% to 65%. Compared to the prevalence in theCroatian general population(0.9%), higher prevalence rates were found in prison populations(8.3%-44%), human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients(15%), persons with high-risk sexual behavior(4.6%) and alcohol abusers(2.4%). Low/very low prevalence was reported in children and adolescents(0.3%) as well as in blood donors(0%-0.009%). In addition, distribution of HCV genotypes has changed due to different routes of transmission. In the general population, genotypes 1 and 3 are most widely distributed(60.4%-79.8% and 12.9%-47.9%, respectively). The similar genotype distribution is found in groups with high-risk sexual behavior. Genotype 3 is predominant in Croatian IDUs(60.5%-83.9%) while in the prison population genotypes 3 and 1 are equally distributed(52.4% and 47.6%). Data on HCV prevalence and risk factors for transmission are useful for implementation of preventive measures and HCV screening.

关键词： Hepatitis C Seroprevalence Genotypes Croatia Europ

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Hepatitis E virus in professionally exposed: A reason for concern?

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World Journal of Hepatology 2021年第7期13卷 723-730页

作者： Anna Mrzljak Ivan Balen ljubo barbic Maja Ilic Tatjana Vilibic-Cavlek Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University Hospital Centre ZagrebZagreb 10000Croatia School of Medicine University of ZagrebZagreb 10000Croatia Department of Gastroenterology and Endocrinology General Hospital“Dr.Josip Bencevic”Slavonski Brod 35000Croatia Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of ZagrebZagreb 10000Croatia Department of Epidemiology Croatian Institute of Public HealthSchool of MedicineUniversity of ZagrebZagreb 10000Croatia Department of Virology Croatian Institute of Public HealthSchool of MedicineUniversity of ZagrebZagreb 10000Croatia

The zoonotic risk of hepatitis E virus(HEV)is well *** HEV seroprevalence rates vary according to geographical region,assays used,and study *** infection is still underdiagnosed,implying the need to evaluate the disease's burden in the general population and specific risk groups,such as professionally *** contact with various animal reservoirs such as pigs,rabbits,sheep,dogs,wild boars,and deer has been associated with higher anti-HEV seroprevalence as a part of occupational *** exact transmission routes remain to be determined,some general preventive measures such as proper hand hygiene,the usage of personal protective equipment,and the thermal processing of food before consumption should be followed.A“One-Health”multisectoral approach should be implemented to achieve optimal health and well-being outcomes,recognizing the interconnections between humans,animals,plants,and their shared environment,in which a vaccine against the zoonotic genotypes 3 and 4 and swine vaccination should be considered as a possible public health *** opinion review comprehensively addresses the HEV burden of professional exposure for butchers,slaughterhouse workers,veterinarians,farmers,hunters,and forestry workers delineates the current limits of protective work measures,and tackles future directions.

关键词： Hepatitis E virus Zoonotic infection Occupational disease Veterinarians Farmers Butchers Slaughterhouse workers Forestry workers Hunters

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Epidemiology of hepatitis E in South-East Europe in the "One Health" concept

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第25期25卷 3168-3182页

作者： Anna Mrzljak Petra Dinjar-Kujundzic Lorena Jemersic Jelena Prpic ljubo barbic Vladimir Savic Vladimir Stevanovic Tatjana Vilibic-Cavlek Department of Medicine Merkur University HospitalSchool of MedicineUniversity of ZagrebZagreb 10000Grad ZagrebCroatia Department of Medicine Merkur University HospitalZagreb 10000Grad ZagrebCroatia Croatian Veterinary Institute Zagreb 10000Grad ZagrebCroatia Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of ZagrebZagreb 10000Grad ZagrebCroatia Department of Virology Croatian Institute of Public HealthSchool of MedicineUniversity of ZagrebZagreb 10000Grad ZagrebCroatia

The significance of hepatitis E virus(HEV)as an important public health problem is *** a decade ago,cases of HEV infection in Eur-ope were mainly confined to returning travelers,but nowadays,hepatitis E represents an emerging zoonotic infection in many European *** aim of this manuscript is to perform a systematic review of the published literature on hepatitis E distribution in humans,animals and environmental samples("One Health"concept)in the South-Eastern European *** of the available data showed that the anti-HEV seroprevalence in the South-Eastern Europe varies greatly,depending on the population studied,geographical area and methods *** IgG seroprevalence rates in different population groups were found to be 1.1%-24.5%in Croatia,up to 20.9%in Bulgaria,5.9-%17.1%in Romania,15%in Serbia,up to 9.7%in Greece and 2%-9.7%in *** possible risk factors,older age was the most significant predictor for HEV seropositivity in most *** seroprevalence rates were found in *** IgG antibodies in domestic pigs were detected in 20%-54.5%,29.2%-50%,38.94%-50%and 31.1%-91.7%in Serbia,Bulgaria,Romania and Croatia,*** wild boars seroprevalence rates were up to 10.3%,30.3%and 31.1%in Romania,Slovenia and Croatia,respectively.A high HEV RNA prevalence in wild boars in some countries(Croatia and Romania)indicated that wild boars may have a key role in the HEV *** are very few data on HEV prevalence in environmental *** RNA was detected in 3.3%and 16.7%surface waters in Slovenia and Serbia,*** is no evidence of HEV RNA in sewage systems in this *** available data on genetic characterization show that human,animal and environmental HEV strains mainly belong to the genotype 3.

关键词： Hepatitis E virus "One-Health" Humans Animals Environment South-East Europe

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Cauda equina arachnoiditis–a rare manifestation of West Nile virus neuroinvasive disease:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2020年第17期8卷 3797-3803页

作者： Marija Santini Ivana Zupetic Klaudija Viskovic Juraj Krznaric Marko Kutlesa Vladimir Krajinovic Vlatka Lovrakovic Polak Vladimir Savic Irena Tabain ljubo barbic Maja Bogdanic Vladimir Stevanovic Anna Mrzljak Tatjana Vilibic-Cavlek Department for Intensive Care Medicine and Neuroinfectology University Hospital for Infectious Diseases“Dr Fran Mihaljevic”Zagreb 10000Croatia Department of Radiology University Clinical Hospital CenterClinic for TraumatologyZagreb 10000Croatia Department of Radiology and Ultrasound University Hospital for Infectious Diseases“Dr Fran Mihaljevic”Zagreb 10000Croatia Department of Infectious Diseases General County Hospital KarlovacKarlovac 47000Croatia Department of Poultry Center Laboratory for Virology and SerologyCroatian Veterinary InstituteZagreb 10000Croatia Department of Virology Croatian Institute of Public HealthZagreb 10000Croatia Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases with Clinic Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of ZagrebZagreb 10000Croatia Department of Medicine University Hospital MerkurZagreb 10000Croatia School of Medicine University of ZagrebZagreb 10000Croatia

BACKGROUND Data regarding the neuroradiology features of the West Nile virus neuroinvasive disease(WNV NID)is rather *** contribute to the knowledge of the WNV NID,we present a patient with a combination of encephalitis and acute flaccid paresis,with cauda equina arachnoiditis as the main magnetic resonance(MR)*** SUMMARY A 72-year-old female patient was admitted due to fever,headache and gait *** the first several days she developed somnolence,aphasia,urinary incontinence,constipation,and asymmetric lower extremities *** fluid analysis indicated *** brain computed tomography and MR were unremarkable,while spinal MR demonstrated cauda equina enhancement without cord *** testing revealed WNV IgM and IgG antibodies in serum and cerebrospinal fluid,which confirmed acute WNV *** treatment was *** two months only a slight improvement was noticed but cognitive impairment,loss of sphincter control and asymmetric inferior extremities weakness *** patient died after a month on chronic *** Cauda equina arachnoiditis is a rare,but possible neuroradiological feature in acute flaccid paresis form of WNV NID.

关键词： West Nile virus Central nervous system infection Cauda equina Magnetic resonance Neuroinvasive disease Case report

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Insights into hepatitis E virus epidemiology in Croatia

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第37期28卷 5494-5505页

作者： Pavle Jelicic Thomas Ferenc Anna Mrzljak Lorena Jemersic Natasa Janev-Holcer Milan Milosevic Maja Bogdanic ljubo barbic Branko Kolaric Vladimir Stevanovic Mateja Vujica Zeljka Jurekovic Jadranka Pavicic Saric Maja Vilibic Tatjana Vilibic-Cavlek Department of Environmental Health Croatian Institute of Public HealthZagreb 10000Croatia Department of Radiology Merkur University HospitalZagreb 10000Croatia Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University Hospital Center ZagrebZagreb 10000Croatia School of Medicine University of ZagrebZagreb 10000Croatia Department of Virology Croatian Veterinary InstituteZagreb 10000Croatia Department of Social Medicine and Epidemiology Faculty of Medicine University of RijekaRijeka 51000Croatia Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Andrija Stampar School of Public HealthZagreb 10000Croatia Department of Virology Croatian Institute of Public HealthZagreb 10000Croatia Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases with Clinic Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of ZagrebZagreb 10000Croatia Department of Gerontology and Social Medicine Andrija Stampar Teaching Institute of Public HealthZagreb 10000Croatia Institute of Emergency Medicine of Krapina-Zagorje County Krapina 49000Croatia Department of Nephrology Merkur University HospitalZagreb 10000Croatia Department of Anesthesiology University Hospital MerkurZagreb 10000Croatia Department for Social Psychiatry Psychotherapy and PsychodiagnosticsUniversity Clinical Hospital Center“Sestre Milosrdnice”Zagreb 10000Croatia

BACKGROUND Hepatitis E virus(HEV)is an emerging virus of global health *** seroprevalence rates differ greatly according to geographic region and population *** To analyze the seroprevalence of HEV in exposed(animal-related professions)and nonexposed populations,as well as solid organ and hematopoietic stem cell transplant *** Forestry workers(n=93),hunters(n=74),and veterinarians(n=151)represented the exposed *** general population(n=126)and pregnant women(n=118)constituted the control *** patients included liver transplant recipients(LTRs)(n=83),kidney transplant recipients(KTRs)(n=43),and hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients(HSCRs)(n=39).HEV immunoglobulin G antibodies were detected using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and confirmed by the immunoblot *** The HEV seroprevalence significantly differed between groups:Veterinarians 15.2%,hunters 14.9%,forestry workers 6.5%,general population 7.1%,and pregnant women 1.7%.In transplant patients,the seropositivity was highest in LTRs(19.3%),while in KTRs and HSCRs,the seroprevalence was similar to the general population(6.9%and 5.1%,respectively).A significant increase in seropositivity with age was observed from 2.9%in individuals less than 30 years to 23.5%in those older than 60 *** characteristics(sex,educational level,area of residence,and number of household members),eating habits(game meat,offal,and pork products consumption),and environmental and housing conditions(drinking water supply,type of water drainage/sewer,waste disposal,domestic animals)were not associated with HEV ***,individuals who reported a pet ownership were more often seropositive compared to those who did not have pet animals(12.5%vs 7.0%).CONCLUSION The results of this study showed that individuals in professional contact with animals and LTRs are at higher risk for HEV *** addition,age is a significant risk factor for HEV

关键词： Hepatitis E virus Seroprevalence Veterinarians Hunters Forestry workers Transplant patients Croatia

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Comparison of indirect immunofluorescence and western blot method in the diagnosis of hantavirus infections

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World Journal of Methodology 2021年第6期11卷 294-301页

作者： Tatjana Vilibic-Cavlek ljubo barbic Vladimir Stevanovic Vladimir Savic Anna Mrzljak Maja Bogdanic Irena Tabain School of Medicine University of ZagrebZagreb 10000Croatia Department of Virology Croatian Institute of Public HealthZagreb 10000Croatia Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases with Clinic Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of ZagrebZagreb 10000Croatia Poultry Centre Croatian Veterinary InstituteZagreb 10000Croatia Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University Hospital ZagrebZagreb 10000Croatia

BACKGROUND Serologic cross-reactivity between hantaviruses often complicates the interpretation of the *** To analyze the diagnostic value of indirect immunofluorescence assay(IFA)and western blot(WB)in the diagnosis of hantavirus *** One hundred eighty-eight serum samples from Puumala(PUUV)and Dobrava(DOBV)orthohantavirus infected patients were *** was performed using commercial tests(Euroimmun,Lübeck,Germany).RESULTS Using IFA,49.5%of acute-phase samples showed a monotypic response to PUUV,while 50.5% cross-reacted with other *** overall cross-reactivity was higher for immunoglobulin G(IgG)(50.0%)than for immunoglobulin M(IgM)(25.5%).PUUV IgM/IgG antibodies showed low/moderate reactivity with orthohantaviruses Hantaan(12.3%/31.5%),Seoul(7.5%/17.8%),DOBV(5.4%/28.1%),and Saaremaa(4.8%/15.7%).Both DOBV IgM and IgG antibodies were broadly reactive with Hantaan(76.2%/95.2%),Saaremaa(80.9%/83.3%),and Seoul(78.6%/85.7%)and moderate with PUUV(28.5%/38.1%).Using a WB,serotyping was successful in most cross-reactive samples(89.5%).CONCLUSION The presented results indicate that WB is more specific than IFA in the diagnosis of hantavirus infections,confirming serotype in most IFA cross-reactive samples.

关键词： Hantaviruses Serology Cross-reactivity Indirect immunofluorescence Western blot

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Emerging and neglected zoonoses in transplant population

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World Journal of Transplantation 2020年第3期10卷 47-63页

作者： Anna Mrzljak Rafaela Novak Nenad Pandak Irena Tabain Lucija Franusic ljubo barbic Maja Bogdanic Vladimir Savic Danko Mikulic Jadranka Pavicic-Saric Vladimir Stevanovic Tatjana Vilibic-Cavlek Department of Medicine Merkur University HospitalZagreb 10000Croatia School of Medicine University of ZagrebZagreb 10000Croatia Depatment of Medicine The Royal Hospital MuscatMuscat 111Oman Department of Virology Croatian Institute of Public HealthZagreb 10000Croatia General Hospital Dubrovnik Dubrovnik 20000Croatia Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases with Clinic Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of ZagrebZagreb 10000Croatia Poultry Center Croatian Veterinary InstituteZagreb 10000Croatia Department of Abdominal and Transplant Surgery Merkur University HospitalZagreb 10000Croatia Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Medicine Merkur University HospitalSchool of MedicineUniversity of ZagrebZagreb 10000Croatia Department of Virology Croatian Institute of Public HealthSchool of MedicineUniversity of ZagrebZagreb 10000Croatia

Zoonoses represent a problem of rising importance in the transplant population.A close relationship and changes between human,animal and environmental health(“One Health”concept)significantly influence the transmission and distribution of zoonotic *** aim of this manuscript is to perform a narrative review of the published literature on emerging and neglected zoonoses in the transplant *** reports on donor-derived or naturally acquired(re-)emerging arboviral infections such as dengue,chikungunya,West Nile,tick-borne encephalitis and Zika virus infection have demonstrated atypical or more complicated clinical course in immunocompromised *** E virus has emerged as a serious problem after solid organ transplantation(SOT),leading to diverse extrahepatic manifestations and chronic hepatitis with unfavorable *** neglected pathogens such as lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus can cause severe infection with multi-organ failure and high *** addition,ehrlichiosis may be more severe with higher casefatality rates in SOT *** unusual or severe presentations of borreliosis,anaplasmosis and rickettsioses were also reported among transplant ***,toxoplasmosis as infectious complication is a well-recognized zoonosis in this *** rabies transmission through SOT transplantation has rarely been reported,it has become a notable problem in some *** the spreading trends of zoonoses are likely to continue,the awareness,recognition and treatment of zoonotic infections among transplant professionals should be imperative.

关键词： Zoonoses Solid-organ transplant Vector-borne diseases Non-vector borne diseases Viruses Bacteria Parasites

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Diagnosis of West Nile virus infections:Evaluation of different laboratory methods

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World Journal of Virology 2024年第4期13卷 51-61页

作者： Tatjana Vilibic-Cavlek Maja Bogdanic Vladimir Savic Zeljka Hruskar ljubo barbic Vladimir Stevanovic Ljiljana Antolasic Ljiljana Milasincic Dario Sabadi Gorana Miletic Ivona Coric Anna Mrzljak Eddy Listes Giovanni Savini Department of Virology Croatian Institute of Public HealthZagreb 10000Croatia School of Medicine University of ZagrebZagreb 10000Croatia Poultry Center Croatian Veterinary InstituteZagreb 10000Croatia Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases with Clinic Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of ZagrebZagreb 10000Croatia Department of Infectious Diseases Clinical Hospital Center OsijekOsijek 31000Croatia Medical Faculty Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of OsijekOsijek 31000Croatia Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University Hospital Center ZagrebZagreb 10000Croatia Croatian Veterinary Institute Veterinary Institute SplitSplit 21000Croatia OIE Reference Center for West Nile Disease Istituto Zooprofilattico SperimentaleG.CaporaleTeramo 64100Italy

BACKGROUND The diagnosis of West Nile virus(WNV)is challenging due to short-term and low-level viremia,flavivirus cross-reactivity,and long immunoglobulin M(IgM)*** To evaluate different methods for WNV detection[reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR),IgM/IgG antibodies,IgG avidity]in serum,cerebrospinal fluid(CSF),and urine samples of patients with confirmed WNV *** The study included patients with confirmed WNV neuroinvasive infection(n=62),asymptomatic WNV seropositive individuals(n=22),and individuals with false-positive WNV IgM antibodies(n=30).WNV RNA was detected using RT-PCR.A commercial ELISA was used to detect WNV IgM/IgG antibodies with confirmation of cross-reactive samples using a virus neutralization test(VNT).IgG-positive samples were tested for IgG *** The WNV-RNA detection rates were significantly higher in the urine(54.5%)/serum(46.4%)than in CSF(32.2%).According to the sampling time,the WNV-RNA detection rates in urine collected within 7 days/8-14/≥15 days were 29.4/66.6/62.5%(P=0.042).However,these differences were not observed in the *** median RT-PCR cycle threshold values were significantly lower in urine(32.5,IQR=28-34)than in CSF(34.5,IQR=33-36).The frequency of positive WNV IgM and IgG significantly differed according to the sampling time in serum but not in *** IgM/IgG antibodies were detected in 84.3/9.3%of serum samples collected within 7 days,100/71.1%of samples collected 8-14,and 100%samples collected after≥15 *** WNV infection was confirmed by low/borderline avidity index(AI)in 13.6%of asymptomatic individuals.A correlation between ELISA and AI was strong negative for IgM and strong positive for *** significant correlation between ELISA IgG and VNT was *** The frequency of WNV RNA and antibody detection depends on the sampling time and type of clinical *** avidity could differentiate recent WNV infections from long-persisting IgM antibo

关键词： West Nile virus Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction Serology IgG avidity Cross-reactivity

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An Ellipsoidal Set-Membership Approach to Distributed Joint State and Sensor Fault Estimation of Autonomous Ground Vehicles

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2021年第6期8卷 1107-1118页

作者： Eman Mousavinejad Xiaohua Ge Senior Member Qing-Long Han Teng Joon Lim ljubo Vlacic School of Electrical and Information Engineering The University of SydneySydneyNSW 2006Australia School of Engineering and Built Environment Griffith UniversityGold CoastQLD 4222Australia chool of Software and Electrical Engineering Swinburne University of TechnologyMelbourneVIC 3122Australia

This paper is concerned with the problem of distributed joint state and sensor fault estimation for autonomous ground vehicles subject to unknown-but-bounded(UBB)external disturbance and measurement *** order to improve the estimation reliability and performance in cases of poor data collection and potential communication interruption,a multisensor network configuration is presented to cooperatively measure the vehicular yaw rate,and further compute local state and fault *** this aim,an augmented descriptor vehicle model is first established,where the unknown sensor fault is modeled as an auxiliary state of the system ***,a new distributed ellipsoidal set-membership estimation approach is developed so as to construct an optimized bounding ellipsoidal set which guarantees to contain the vehicle’s true state and the sensor fault at each time step despite the existence of UBB disturbance and measurement ***,a convex optimization algorithm is put forward such that the gain matrix of each distributed estimator can be recursively ***,simulation results are provided to validate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.

关键词： Autonomous ground vehicle(AGV) distributed setmembership estimation fault estimation sensor networks vehicle lateral dynamics

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Steps Toward Industry 5.0:Building“6S”Parallel Industries With Cyber-Physical-Social Intelligence

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2023年第8期10卷 1692-1703页

作者： Xingxia Wang Jing Yang Yutong Wang Qinghai Miao Fei-Yue Wang Aijun Zhao Jian-Ling Deng Lingxi Li Xiaoxiang Na ljubo Vlacic School of Artificial Intelligence University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China State Key Laboratory of Multimodal Artificial Intelligence Systems Institute of AutomationChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China IEEE Macao University of Science and Technology Macao 999078China Beijing Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Systems and Technology Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100098 State Key Laboratory for Management and Control of Complex Systems Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China North Automatic Control Technology Institute Taiyuan 030006China China Huaneng Group Co. Ltd.Beijing 100031China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis(IUPUI)IndianapolisIN 46202 USA Department of Engineering University of CambridgeCambridgeCB21PZUK School of Engineering and Built Environment Griffith UniversityGold CoastQLD 4222Australia

Very recently,intensive discussions and studies on Industry 5.0 have sprung up and caused the attention of researchers,entrepreneurs,and policymakers from various sectors around the ***,there is no consensus on why and what is Industry 5.0 *** this paper,we define Industry 5.0from its philosophical and historical origin and evolution,emphasize its new thinking on virtual-real duality and human-machine interaction,and introduce its new theory and technology based on parallel intelligence(PI),artificial societies,computational experiments,and parallel execution(the ACP method),and cyber-physical-social systems(CPSS).Case studies and applications of Industry 5.0 over the last decade have been briefly summarized and analyzed with suggestions for its future *** believe that Industry 5.0 of virtual-real interactive parallel industries has great potentials and is critical for building smart *** are outlined to ensure a roadmap that would lead to a smooth transition from CPS-based Industry 4.0 to CPSS-based Industry 5.0 for a better world which is Safe in physical spaces,S ecure in cyberspaces,Sustainable in ecology,Sensitive in individual privacy and rights,Service for all,and Smartness of all.

关键词： ACP artificial intelligence CPS CPSS Industry 4.0 Industry 5.0 parallel industries parallel intelligence

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