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Removal of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and phenols from coking wastewater by simultaneously synthesized organobentonite in a one-step process

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2012年第2期24卷 248-253页

作者： Zhenhua Wu lizhong zhu Department of Environmental Science Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310028 China Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process Control Hangzhou 310028 China

The optimal condition for a one-step process removing organic compounds from coking wastewater by simultaneously synthesized organobentonite as a pretreatment was *** showed that sorption of organic compounds by organobentonite was positively correlated to the cation surfactant exchange on the bentonite and the octanol-water partition coefficient（Kow） of the *** 0.75 g/L bentonite and 180 mg/L（60% of bentonite cation exchange capacity） cetyltrimethylammonium bromide,the removal efficiencies of the 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon（PAHs） specified by the US Environmental Protection Agency in coking wastewater except naphthalene were more than 90%,and that of benzo（a）pyrene was 99.5%.At the same time,the removal efficiencies of CODCr,NH3-N,volatile phenols,colour and turbidity were 28.6%,13.2%,8.9%,55% and 84.3%,respectively,and the ratio of BOD5/CODCr increased from 0.31 to *** results indicated that the one-step process had high removal efficiency for toxic and refractory hydrophobic organic compounds,and could improve the biodegradability of the coking *** it could be a promising technology for the pretreatment of toxic and refractory organic wastewater.

关键词： one-step process coking wastewater bentonite surfactant sorption

Sorption of phenanthrene to biochar modified by base

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2018年第2期12卷 5-15页

作者： Zhengjun Feng lizhong zhu Department of Environmental Science Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310058 China Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control Hangzhou 310058 China

Biochar （BC） is a potential material for removal of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons t^om soil and water, and base modification is a promising method for improving its sorption ability. In this study, we synthesized a series of base-modified biochars, and evaluated their sorption of phenanthrene. Original biochars were produced by pyrolysis of three feedstocks （rice straw, wood and bamboo） at five temperatures （300~C, 350~C, 400~C, 500~C and 700~C）. Base-modified biochars were further obtained by washing ofbiochars with base solution. The base soluble carbon （SC） was extracted from the supernatant, which were only obtained from biochars pyrolyzed at low temperatures （〈 500~C） and the content was decreased with the increase of pyrolysis temperature. The SC content between different feedstocks followed the trend office straw〉wood〉bamboo when same pyrolysis conditions were applied, It was tbund that base modification improved the sorption of phenanthrene on biochars that SC could be extracted from （extractable-BCs）. However, base treatment but had limited effects for biochars that no SC could be extracted from. It suggested that base modification improved the sorption of phenanthrene to extractable-BCs by removing the SC and thus increasing the surface area and hydrophobicity. Therefore, base modification was suggested to be used in modifying extractable-BCs.

关键词： BiocharBase modificationPhenanthrene

Optimized porous clay heterostructure for removal of acetaldehyde and toluene from indoor air

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2016年第2期10卷 219-228页

作者： Pu ZHAO lizhong zhu Department of Environmental Science Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310058 China Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control Hangzhou 310058 China

Adsorption is the most widely used technology for the removal of indoor volatile organic compounds （VOCs）. However, existing adsorbent-based technologies are inadequate to meet the regulatory requirement, due to their limited adsorption capacity and efficiency, especially under high relative humidity （RH） conditions. In this study, a series of new porous clay heterostructure （PCH） adsorbents with various ratios ofmicropores to mesopores were synthesized, characterized and tested for the adsorp- tion of acetaldehyde and toluene. Two of them, PCH25 and PCH50, exhibited markedly improved adsorption capabil- ity, especially for hydrophilic acetaldehyde. The improved adsorption was attributed to their large micropore areas and high micropore-to-mesopore volume ratios. The amount of acetaldehyde adsorbed onto PCH25 at equilibrium reached 62.7 mg. g-l, eight times as much as the amount adsorbed onto conventional activated carbon （AC）. Even at a high RH of 80%, PCH25 removed seven and four times more of the acetaldehyde than AC and the unmodified raw PCHs did, respectively. This new PCH optimized for their high adsorption and resistance to humidity has promising applications as a cost-effective adsorbent for indoor air purification.

关键词： porous clay heterostmcture volatile organiccompounds adsorption adsorbent indoor air

Effect of central ventilation and air conditioner system on the concentration and health risk from airborne polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2013年第3期25卷 531-536页

作者： Jinze Lv lizhong zhu Department of Environmental Science Zhejiang University Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control

Central ventilation and air conditioner systems are widely utilized nowadays in public places for air exchange and temperature control,which significantly influences the transfer of pollutants between indoors and *** study the effect of central ventilation and air conditioner systems on the concentration and health risk from airborne pollutants,a spatial and temporal survey was carried out using polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （PAHs） as agent *** the period when the central ventilation system operated without air conditioning （AC-off period）,concentrations of 2-4 ring PAHs in the model supermarket were dominated by outdoor levels,due to the good linearity between indoor air and outdoor air （rp〉0.769,p〈0.05）,and the slopes （1.2-4.54） indicated that ventilating like the model supermarket increased the potential health risks from low molecular weight *** the period when the central ventilation and air conditioner systems were working simultaneously （AC-on period）,although the total levels of PAHs were increased,the concentrations and percentage of the particulate PAHs indoors declined *** BaP equivalency （BaPeq） concentration indicated that utilization of air conditioning reduced the health risks from PAHs in the model supermarket.

关键词： particulate gaseous PAHs health risk public place

Controllable chemical redox reactions to couple microbial degradation for organic contaminated sites remediation:A review

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第5期139卷 428-445页

作者： Bin Chen Jiang Xu lizhong zhu College of Environmental and Resource Sciences Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Zhejiang Agriculture&Forest University Lin'an 311300China

Global environmental concern over organic contaminated sites has been progressively conspicuous during the process of urbanization and industrial *** traditional physical or chemical remediation technologies may significantly destroy the soil structure and function,coupling moderate chemical degradation with microbial remediation becomes a potential way for the green,economic,and efficient remediation of contaminated ***,this work systematically elucidates why and how to couple chemical technology with microbial remediation,mainly focused on the controllable redox reactions of organic *** rational design of materials structure,selective generation of reactive oxygen species,and estimation of degradation pathway are described for chemical ***,current progress on efficient and selective reductions of organic contaminants(i.e.,dechlorination,defluorination,-NO_(2) reduction)is *** with the microbial remediation of contaminated sites,several consideration factors of how to couple chemical and microbial remediation are proposed based on both fundamental and practical points of *** review will advance the understanding and development of chemical-microbial coupled remediation for organic contaminated sites.

关键词： Soil remediation Groundwater remediation Rational design Reactive species Environmental nanotechnology

Tricrystalline TiO_2 with enhanced photocatalytic activity and durability for removing volatile organic compounds from indoor air

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2015年第6期27卷 189-195页

作者： Kunyang Chen lizhong zhu Kun Yang Department of Environmental Science Zhejiang University Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control

It is important to develop efficient and economic techniques for removing volatile organic compounds（VOCs） in indoor air. Heterogeneous Ti O2-based semiconductors are a promising technology for achieving this goal. Anatase/brookite/rutile tricrystalline Ti O2 with mesoporous structure was synthesized by a low-temperature hydrothermal route in the presence of *** obtained samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction and N2 adsorption-desorption isotherm. The photocatalytic activity was evaluated by photocatalytic decomposition of toluene in air under UV light illumination. The results show that tricrystalline Ti O2 exhibited higher photocatalytic activity and durability toward gaseous toluene than bicrystalline Ti O2,due to the synergistic effects of high surface area, uniform mesoporous structure and junctions among mixed phases. The tricrystalline Ti O2 prepared at R HNO3= 0.8, containing80.7% anatase, 15.6% brookite and 3.7% rutile, exhibited the highest photocatalytic activity,about 3.85-fold higher than that of P25. The high activity did not significantly degrade even after five reuse cycles. In conclusion, it is expected that our study regarding gas-phase degradation of toluene over tricrystalline Ti O2 will enrich the chemistry of the Ti O2-based materials as photocatalysts for environmental remediation and stimulate further research interest on this intriguing topic.

关键词： VOC Photocatalysis Tricrystalline TiO2 Nanomaterials Mesoporous Gaseous

Enhancing plant-microbe associated bioremediation of phenanthrene and pyrene contaminated soil by SDBS-Tween 80 mixed surfactants

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2014年第5期26卷 1071-1079页

作者： Hewei Ni Wenjun Zhou lizhong zhu Department of Environmental Science Zhejiang University Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control

The use of surfactants to enhance plant-microbe associated dissipation in soils contaminated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （PAHs） is a promising bioremediation technology. This comparative study was conducted on the effects of plant-microbe treatment on the removal of phenanthrene and pyrene from contaminated soil, in the presence of low concentration single anionic, nonionic and anionic-nonionic mixed surfactants. Sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate （SDBS） and Tween 80 were chosen as representative anionic and nonionic surfactants, respectively. We found that mixed surfactants with concentrations less than 150 mg/kg were more effective in promoting plant-microbe associated bioremediation than the same amount of single surfactants. Only about （m/m） of mixed surfactants was needed to remove the same amount of phenanthrene and pyrene from either the planted or unplanted soils, when compared to Tween 80. Mixed surfactants （〈 150 mg/kg） better enhanced the degradation efficiency of phenanthrene and pyrene via microbe or plant-microbe routes in the soils. In the concentration range of 60-150 mg/kg, both ryegrass roots and shoots could accumulate 2-3 times the phenanthrene and pyrene with mixed surfactants than with Tween 80. These results may be explained by the lower sorption loss and reduced inteffacial tension of mixed surfactants relative to Tween 80, which enhanced the bioavailability of PAHs in soil and the microbial degradation efficiency. The higher remediation efficiency of low dosage SDBS-Tween 80 mixed surfactants thus advanced the technology of surfactant-enhanced plant-microbe associated bioremediation.

关键词： polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons contaminated soil plant-microbe associated bioremediation ryegrass

Acid-assisted hydrothermal synthesis of nanocrystalline TiO_2 from titanate nanotubes: Influence of acids on the photodegradation of gaseous toluene

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2015年第1期27卷 232-240页

作者： Kunyang Chen lizhong zhu Kun Yang Department of Environmental Science Zhejiang University Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control

In order to efficiently remove volatile organic compounds（VOCs） from indoor air, onedimensional titanate nanotubes（Ti NTs） were hydrothermally treated to prepare TiO2 nanocrystals with different crystalline phases, shapes and sizes. The influences of various acids such as CH3 COOH, HNO3, HCl, HF and H2SO4 used in the treatment were separately compared to optimize the performance of the TiO2 nanocrystals. Compared with the strong and corrosive inorganic acids, CH3COOH was not only safer and more environmentally friendly, but also more efficient in promoting the photocatalytic activity of the obtained TiO2. It was observed that the anatase TiO2 synthesized in 15 mol/L CH3COOH solution exhibited the highest photodegradation rate of gaseous toluene（94%）, exceeding that of P25（44%） by a factor of more than two. The improved photocatalytic activity was attributed to the small crystallite size and surface modification by CH3COOH. The influence of relative humidity（20%–80%） on the performance of TiO2 nanocrystals was also studied. The anatase TiO2 synthesized in 15 mol/L CH3COOH solution was more tolerant to moisture than the other TiO2 nanocrystals and P25.

关键词： Titanate nanotubes CH3COOH Ti O2nanocrystals Photocatalytic Gaseous toluene

Effect of surfactant on phenanthrene metabolic kinetics by Citrobacter sp. SA01

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2014年第11期26卷 2298-2306页

作者： Feng Li lizhong zhu Dong Zhang Department of Environmental Science Zhejiang University Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process Control Zhejiang Yuying College

To attain a better understanding of the effects of surfactants on the metabolic kinetics of hydrophobic organic compounds, the biodegradation of phenanthrene by Citrobacter sp. SA01 was investigated in a batch experiment containing Tween 80, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and liquid mineral salt medium. The Monod model was modified to effectively describe the partition, phenanthrene biodegradation and biopolymer production. The results showed that Tween 80 and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate （each at 50 rag/L） enhanced phenanthrene metabolism and poly-β-hydroxybutyrate production as indicated by the increasing amounts of intermediates Coy 17.2% to 47.9%）, and percentages of poly-β- hydroxybutyrate （by 107.3% and 33.1%） within the cell dry weight when compared to their absence. The modified Monod model was capable of predicting microbial growth, phenanthrene depletion and biopolymer production. Furthermore, the Monod kinetic coefficients were largely determined by the surfactant-enhanced partition, suggesting that partitioning is a critical process in surfactant-enhanced bioremediation of hydro- phobic organic compounds.

关键词： Phenanthrene Biodegradation Surfactant Kinetics Citrobacter sp.