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“如果”句功能的类型学考察

汉语学习 2024年第2期 22-32页

作者：吴炳章姜彩璨许冰中国海洋大学外国语学院山东青岛266100

“如果”句的语义结构和用法复杂多样,但学界对该结构的功能类型分析过于笼统。文章通过语料库梳理书面语中“如果”句的结构特点和语篇关系,对其进行了功能分类。从功能视角看,“如果”句在知识域、语言域和人际域中分别发挥前提限定... 详细信息

“如果”句的语义结构和用法复杂多样,但学界对该结构的功能类型分析过于笼统。文章通过语料库梳理书面语中“如果”句的结构特点和语篇关系,对其进行了功能分类。从功能视角看,“如果”句在知识域、语言域和人际域中分别发挥前提限定、语篇建构和会话修辞等功能。根据从句和主句的意义关系,“如果”句可以分为蕴含条件句和非蕴含条件句。各类“如果”句的功能各有句法语义特征。从各类“如果”句的用法分布看,“如果”句的主要功能是表达推理关系,其次是语篇关系,再次是话语修辞。

关键词： “如果”句假设条件句间接条件句

EFFECT　OF　RARE　EARTH　ELEMEnT　Er　On　STREnGTHEnInG　OF　InTERFACE　OF　Ti（C，n）　BASED　CERMETS

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中国有色金属学会会刊：英文版 1996年第3期6卷 136-139页

作者： Liu, n Cui, K Hu, zh AnHUI InST TECHnOL DEPT MAT SCI & ENGNHEFEI 230069PEOPLES R CHINA HUAzh.nG UnIV SCI & TECHnOL WUHAN 430074PEOPLES R CHINA

ＥＦＦＥＣＴＯＦＲＡＲＥＥＡＲＴＨＥＬＥＭＥＮＴＥｒＯＮＳＴＲＥＮＧＴＨＥＮＩＮＧＯＦＩＮＴＥＲＦＡＣＥＯＦＴｉ（Ｃ，Ｎ）ＢＡＳＥＤＣＥＲＭＥＴＳ￥ＬｉｕＮｉｎｇ（ＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＭａｔｅｒｉａｌｓＳｃｉｅｎ... 详细信息

ＥＦＦＥＣＴＯＦＲＡＲＥＥＡＲＴＨＥＬＥＭＥＮＴＥｒＯＮＳＴＲＥＮＧＴＨＥＮＩＮＧＯＦＩＮＴＥＲＦＡＣＥＯＦＴｉ（Ｃ，Ｎ）ＢＡＳＥＤＣＥＲＭＥＴＳ￥ＬｉｕＮｉｎｇ（ＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＭａｔｅｒｉａｌｓＳｃｉｅｎｃｅａｎｄＥｎｇｉｎｅｅｒｉｎｇ，...

关键词： rare earth element Er Ti(C n) based cermets bending strength hardness

MECHAnICAL PROPERTIES AnD MICROSTRUCTURES OF Ti(C,n) BASED CERMETS

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中国有色金属学会会刊：英文版 1996年第4期6卷 117-121页

作者： Liu, n Hu, zh.Cui, K Liu, CL AnHUI InST TECHnOL DEPT MAT SCI & ENGNHEFEI 230069PEOPLES R CHINA HUAzh.nG UnIV SCI & TECHnOL WUHAN 430074PEOPLES R CHINA BEIJInG GEn RES InST IROn & STEEL BEIJING 100081PEOPLES R CHINA

ＭＥＣＨＡＮＩＣＡＬＰＲＯＰＥＲＴＩＥＳＡＮＤＭＩＣＲＯＳＴＲＵＣＴＵＲＥＳＯＦＴｉ（Ｃ，Ｎ）ＢＡＳＥＤＣＥＲＭＥＴＳ￥ＬｉｕＮｉｎｇ（ＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＭａｔｅｒｉａｌｓＳｃｉｅｎｃｅａｎｄＥｎｇｉｎｅｅｒｉ... 详细信息

ＭＥＣＨＡＮＩＣＡＬＰＲＯＰＥＲＴＩＥＳＡＮＤＭＩＣＲＯＳＴＲＵＣＴＵＲＥＳＯＦＴｉ（Ｃ，Ｎ）ＢＡＳＥＤＣＥＲＭＥＴＳ￥ＬｉｕＮｉｎｇ（ＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＭａｔｅｒｉａｌｓＳｃｉｅｎｃｅａｎｄＥｎｇｉｎｅｅｒｉｎｇ，ＡｎｈｕｉＩｎｓｔｉｌｕｔｅ...

关键词： Ti(C,n) based cermets mechanical properties microstructure

Master equation,design equations and runaway speed of the Kaplan turbine

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2021年第2期33卷 282-300页

作者： zh.zh.ng zh.W Zurch University of Applied ScienceZurichSwitzerland

To make the Kaplan turbine technology comparable to both the Pelton and the Francis turbine,the master equation for the Kaplan turbine has been established by analyses similar to that-for the Francis *** analysis begins with the descriptions of free vortex flows at the runner inlet and the swirl flow at the impeller *** considering the Euler equation for specific work and by further evaluating the most significant shock and swirling losses,the first and the second energy equations in the form of hydraulic efficiency were *** master equation is then established by combining both energy *** addition,three design equations and a new design parameter are *** master equation relates the turbine hydromechanics to the geometrical design of both the runner and the guide-vane *** enables the complete hydraulic characteristics of a given Kaplan turbine to be analytically and simply computed.A computation example demonstrates the functionality and applicability of the *** the reconstructed master equation,the runaway speed of the Kaplan turbine and its dependence on the guide-vane setting can be easily and precisely *** bulb turbines with guide vanes directly ahead of the turbine runner in the same tube,all computations are also applicable using another equivalent control parameter.

关键词： Kaplan turbine master equation design equations design parameter runaway speed hydraulic efficiency shock loss swirling loss bulb turbines

Investigation of the Surface Properties of Vinyl Ethers – Sodium 2-Acrylamido-2-Methylpropanesulfonate Copolymers

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Advances in Materials Physics and Chemistry 2012年第4期2卷 177-180页

作者： S. Kh. Khussain E. M. Shaikhutdinov n. zh. Seitkaliyeva A. zh. zh.nisova Department of applied chemistry Kazakh national Technical University named after Kanysh Satpaev Almaty Kazakhstan

The surface properties of water soluble copolymers vinyl ethers of monoethanolamine and ethylene glycol with sodium 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-propanesulfonate were investigated by studying adsorption at the aqueous solution – air interface. It is found that copolymers have considerably higher surface activity in comparison with poly- sodium 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-propanesulfonate.

关键词： Surface Active Copolymers Adsorption Interface Standard Free Energy of Adsorption

Inhibitory activity of polysaccharide extracts from three kinds of edible fungi on proliferation of human hepatoma SMMC-7721 cell and mouse implanted S180 tumor

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 1999年第5期5卷 404-407页

作者： Jiang SM Xiao ZM Xu zh Shandong normal Univ Dept Biol Provincial Key Lab Anim Stress Jinan 250014 Shandong Prov Peoples R China Univ Heidelberg D-6900 Heidelberg Germany

AIM To determine the activities ofpolysaccharide extracts from Flammulina velutipes (Curt. ex Fr. ) Sing (FV), Lentinusedodes (LE) and Agaricus bisporus Sing (AB)on the proliferation of human hepatoma SMMC-7721 cells in vitro and on mouse implanted S-180tumors in *** The polysaccharide extracts were isolated from the fruit bodies of FV, LE and AB by the methods of hot-water extraction, Sevag’sremoval of proteins, ethanol precipitation,trypsin digestion and ethanol fractionalprecipitation. Human hepatoma SMMC-7721 cells were treated with 50 mg/L Polysaccharide extracts, and the mitosis index, mitochondria activity and cell proliferation were detected at different times in both control and experimental groups. The mice with S-180 implanted tumors were injected with the polysaccharide extracts at 24 mg/ kg body weight for 9 d and the tumorweight was measured on the 15th *** The mitosis index of hepatoma cells in vitro could be significantly decreased by treatment with the polysaccharide extracts fromthe three kinds of edible fungi (P numbers and mitochondria activity of SMMC7721 cells treated with polysaccharide extracts were lower than those in control groups (P nhibition rates of polysaccharide extracts against implanted S-180 tumors in mice were 52.8%, 56.6% and 51 .9% respectivelycompared with that in c0ntrol ***0n The POIysaccharide extractsfrom the three kinds of edible fungi could inhibitnot only the Cultured malignant cells in vitfO butalso impIanted Sl80 tum0r i0 vivo.

关键词： polysaccharide, edible fungi liver neoplasm carcinoma, hepatocellular SMMC7721, tumor cell, cultured implanted tumor, S-180 cell proliferation

Technology of Porous Tantalum Production

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World Journal of nano Science and Engineering 2016年第2期6卷 51-57页

作者： Yu. zh. Tuleushev V. n. Volodin Е. А. zh.kanbaev V. n. Lisitsin A. A. Migunova A. S. Suleymenova Institute of nuclear Physics Almaty Republic of Kazakhstan

Ion-plasma sputtering and codeposition of ultrafine Ta and Cd particles on a moving substrate were used to prepare the solid solutions, in particular, the alloys with up to 66.2 at.% Cd in the form of coatings. In vacuum heat treatment cadmium evaporates at 700°C from cadmium based solid solutions resulting in formation of a porous tantalum with a highly developed surface. The prepared tantalum-based materials assume the technological application of the investigation results.

关键词： Tantalum Cadmium Porous Structures Specific Surface

Oxidative Polymerization of n-Phenylanthranilic Acid in the Heterophase System

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Open Journal of Polymer Chemistry 2013年第3期3卷 63-69页

作者： S. zh. Ozkan I. S. Eremeev G. P. Karpacheva G. n. Bondarenko Russian Academy of Sciences A. V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis Moscow Russia

Polymers of n-phenylanthranilic acid were obtained by oxidative polymerization in the heterophase system in the presence of chloroform. Effect of synthesis conditions on the chemical structure of the polymers was studied. It was found that the growth of polymeric chain occurs via C-C joining into 2- and 4-positions of phenyl rings with respect to nitrogen. Thermal stability of poly-n-phenylanthranilic acid was studied.

关键词： Oxidative Polymerization Poly-n-phenylanthranilic Acid Chemical Structure

Mathematical modeling of the aerodynamic coefficients of a sail blade

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Advances in Aerodynamics 2023年第1期5卷 267-281页

作者： Akmaral zh.Tleubergenova nazgul K.Tanasheva Kulzh.n M.Shaimerdenova Serik S.Kassymov Asem R.Bakhtybekova nurgul n.Shuyushbayeva Saule zh.Uzbergenova Gulden A.Ranova Department of Engineering Thermophysics named after Professor zh.S.Akylbayev E.A.Buketov Karaganda UniversityKaraganda 100028Kazakhstan Scientific Research Center“Alternative Energy” E.A.Buketov Karaganda UniversityKaraganda 100028Kazakhstan Department of Science E.A.Buketov Karaganda UniversityKaraganda 100028Kazakhstan Department of Mathematics and Physics Sh.Ualikhanov Kokshetau UniversityKokshetau 020000Kazakhstan Department of Engineering Technologies and Transport Sh.Ualikhanov Kokshetau UniversityKokshetau 020000Kazakhstan

The authors of the work numerically studied the aerodynamic coefficients of the sail blade,during which the patterns of three-dimensional flow around airflow and the pressure distribution field were *** triangular sail blade is used as the power element of wind *** sail blade modeling was based on the Reynolds-averaged navier-Stokes equations(RAnS)using the AnSYS FLUEnT computer program.A flow pattern is obtained,which gives a physical explanation of the nature of the airflow around the sail blade and the pressure distribution *** analyses of theory and experiment are *** the range of Reynolds numbers from 0.5×10^(4) to 2.5×10^(4),the change in the drag force coefficient is from 1.04 to 0.54,and the difference in the lift force coefficient is from 0.52 to 0.33.

关键词： Sail blade Wind turbine Modeling AnSYS FLUEnT Aerodynamic coefficients