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The walking friendliness of ladder trails for the elderly:An empirical study in Chongqing

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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2022年第5期11卷 830-845页

作者： Rui Chen Miao Xu Liyuan Zhang Zhen Yang China Academy of Urban Planning&Design Western Branch Chongqing 404100China School of Architecture and Urban Planning Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China

Against the backdrop of a healthy city initiative in helping encourage and facilitate walking behavior,this study first elaborates the fitness function of the ladder trails,which largely form the daily living spaces for the people in mountainous cities or areas.It then analyses the existing research on the elements and guidelines of environmental design from the perspective of their pedestrian friendliness while discussing their suitability to the needs of the elderly.With the research framework set up in the first part,empirical research focusing on the walking behavior of the elderly has been carried out based on two comparable cases of Chongqing Mountain trails.Observing,survey,and interviews have been applied to collect the data.This study concludes with a summary of the elements and principles for designing ladder trails,which are walking-friendly for the elderly.

关键词： Healthy city Urban design Ladder trails Adaptive aging Chongqing

Spatiotemporal Characteristics of Droughts and Floods in Shandong Province,China and Their Relationship with Food Loss

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Chinese Geographical Science 2023年第2期33卷 304-319页

作者： YANG Wentong zhang liyuan YANG Ziyu School of Management Shandong University of TechnologyZibo 255049China

Mastering the pattern of food loss caused by droughts and floods aids in planning the layout of agricultural production,determining the scale of drought and flood control projects,and reducing food loss.The Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index is calculated using monthly meteorological data from 1984 to 2020 in Shandong Province of China and is used to identify the province’s drought and flood characteristics.Then,food losses due to droughts and floods are estimated separately from disaster loss data.Finally,the relationship between drought/flood-related factors and food losses is quantified using methods such as the Pearson correlation coefficient and linear regression.The results show that:1)there is a trend of aridity in Shandong Province,and the drought characteristic variables are increasing yearly while flood duration and severity are decreasing.2)The food losses caused by droughts in Shandong Province are more than those caused by floods,and the area where droughts and floods occur frequently is located in Linyi City.3)The impact of precipitation on food loss due to drought/flood is significant,followed by potential evapotranspiration and temperature.4)The relationship between drought and flood conditions and food losses can be precisely quantified.The accumulated drought duration of one month led to 1.939×10^(4)t of grain loss,and an increase in cumulative flood duration of one month resulted in1.134×10^(4)t of grain loss.If the cumulative drought severity and average drought peak increased by one unit,food loss due to drought will increase by 1.562×10^(4)t and 1.511×10^(6)t,respectively.If the cumulative flood severity and average flood peak increase by one unit,food loss will increase by 8.470×103t and 1.034×10^(6)t,respectively.

关键词： drought disaster flood disaster food loss Pearson correlation Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index Shandong China

Hydrogen Bond-Assisted Ultra-Stable and Fast Aqueous NH_(4)^(+)Storage

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Nano-Micro Letters 2021年第9期13卷 193-208页

作者： Xikun zhang Maoting Xia Haoxiang Yu Junwei zhang Zhengwei Yang Liyuan Zhang Jie Shu School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering Ningbo UniversityNingboZhejiang 315211People’s Republic of China

Aqueous ammonium ion batteries are regarded as eco-friendly and sustainable energy storage systems.And applicable host for NH_(4)^(+)in aqueous solution is always in the process of development.On the basis of density functional theory calcula-tions,the excellent performance of NH_(4)^(+)insertion in Prussian blue analogues(PBAs)is proposed,especially for copper hexacyanoferrate(CuHCF).In this work,we prove the outstanding cycling and rate performance of CuHCF via electrochemical analyses,delivering no capacity fading during ultra-long cycles of 3000 times and high capacity retention of 93.6%at 50 C.One of main contributions to superior performance from highly reversible redox reaction and structural change is verified during the ammoniation/de-ammoniation progresses.More importantly,we propose the NH_(4)^(+)diffusion mechanism in CuHCF based on con-tinuous formation and fracture of hydrogen bonds from a joint theoretical and experimental study,which is another essential reason for rapid charge transfer and superior NH_(4)^(+)storage.Lastly,a full cell by coupling CuHCF cathode and polyaniline anode is constructed to explore the practical application of CuHCF.In brief,the outstanding aqueous NH_(4)^(+)storage in cubic PBAs creates a blueprint for fast and sustainable energy storage.

关键词： Aqueous ammonium ion batteries Copper hexacyanoferrate Ultra-long cycling performance Excellent rate performance Hydrogen bonds

A soluble pH-responsive host-guest-based nanosystem for homogeneous exosomes capture with high-efficiency

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中国化学快报:英文版 2023年第8期34卷 296-301页

作者： Haiyan Wang Peng Liang Lei zhang Liping Shi Yitong Ge Liyuan Zhang Xiaoqiang Qiao College of Pharmaceutical Sciences Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Hebei ProvinceKey Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular DiagnosisMinistry of EducationHebei UniversityBaoding 071002China College of Basic Medical Science Key Laboratory for Proteomics of Liaoning ProvinceDalian Medical UniversityDalian 116044China

Exosomes offer ideal biomarkers for liquid biopsies.However,high-efficient capture of exosomes has been proven to be extreme challenging.Here,we report a soluble pH-responsive host-guest-based nanosystem(pH-HGN)for homogeneous isolation of exosomes around physiological pH.The pH-HGN consists of two specifically functionalized modules.First,a pH-responsive module,poly-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate,provides homogeneous capture circumstances and sharp pH-triggered self-assembly separation in aqueous solution to improve capture efficiency and reduce nonspecific adsorption.Second,a host-guest module,poly-acrylamide azobenzene andβ-cyclodextrin linked with exosomes-specific antibody,could act as the"cleavable bridge"to specific capture and subsequent rapid release of captured exosomes through host-guest interaction betweenβ-cyclodextrin and AAAB moieties.The pH-HGN offered high capture efficiencies for exosomes from two different cell lines,which were 90.2%±0.28%and 87.0%±4.6%for H1299 and MCF-7 cell-derived exosomes,respectively.The purity of isolated exosomes was(1.49±0.71)×10^(11)particles/μg,which was 4.1 times higher compared with the gold standard ultracentrifugation(UC)method.Furthermore,the isolated exosomes via the pH-HGN can preserve well integrity and biological activity.The developed pH-HGN was further successfully applied to differentiate lung cancer patients from healthy persons.These findings indicated that pH-HGN is a promising strategy in exosomes-based research and downstream applications.

关键词： Exosomes Homogeneous capture Soluble nanosystem pH-responsive polymer Host-guest interaction

Achieving a more robust antiviral RNAi via subverting a viral virulence protein

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Molecular Plant 2022年第10期15卷 1514-1516页

作者： liyuan You Ruize zhang Zheng Qing Fu Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences Chinese Academy of ScienceShanghai 201602China Department of Biological Sciences University of South CarolinaColumbiaSC29208USA

As submicroscopic organisms with small genomes,viruses can only replicate inside living cells.In fact,viruses can infect all forms of life,from animals and plants to microorganisms including fungi,bacteria,and archaea.Besides well-known human diseases such as human acquired immune deficiency syndrome,common cold,influenza,hepatitis,and coronavirus disease 2019,viral pathogens also cause more than$30 billion crop yield losses annually worldwide(Chauhan et al.,2019).

关键词： al. diseases annually

Experimental measurement on the phase equilibria of the Mg-Ag-Cu ternary system at 350℃and 400℃

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2022年第2期10卷 486-494页

作者： Jian Wang zhang zhang Yinju zhang Liling Jin liyuan Sheng College of Mechanical Engineering Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225127China Shenzhen Institute Peking UniversityShenzhen 518057Guangdong ProvinceChina Center for Research in Computational Thermochemistry(CRCT) Department of Chemical EngineeringEcole polytechnique de MontréalMontréal H3C 3A7QuébecCanada

The phase equilibria of the Mg–Ag–Cu ternary system at 350℃and 400℃were experimentally investigated using twenty-eight key samples.The phase equilibria and compositions in key samples were investigated using scanning electron microscopy(SEM)equipped with energydispersive spectroscopy(EDS).Powder X-ray diffraction(XRD)technique was used to analyze the crystal structure and solid solubility of compounds.Five three-phase equilibria and several two-phase equilibria have been determined at 350℃and 400℃.The solid solubility range of Cu in the compounds Mg_(3)Ag,MgAg and fcc(Ag)were examined at 350℃and 400℃.The maximum solid solubility of Ag in the compound MgCu_(2)was found to be 11.46 at.%and 11.25 at.%with a constant value of about 66 at.%Cu at 350℃and 400℃,respectively.Besides,the solid solubility limits of Ag in the compounds Mg_(2)Cu and fcc(Cu)were found to be less than 5 at.%at 350℃and 400℃.No ternary compound was observed in the present work.

关键词： Mg–Ag–Cu system Phase diagram SEM EDS XRD

Novel biomonitoring method for determining five classes of legacy and alternative flame retardants in human serum samples

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2023年第9期131卷 111-122页

作者： Xiaolin Guan Gaoxin zhang Lingling Meng Mei Liu Liyuan Zhang Chuxuan Zhao Yingming Li Qinghua zhang Guibin Jiang Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment-Related Polymer Materials Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Ministry of Gansu ProvinceCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNorthwest Normal UniversityLanzhou 730070China State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China Department of Endocrinology and Metabology The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University&Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan HospitalJinan 250014China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Flame retardants(FRs)are ubiquitous in environment and biota and may pose harm to human health.In recent years,concern regarding legacy and alternative FRs has been intensified due to their widespread production and increasing contamination in environmental and human matrices.In this study,we developed and validated a novel analytical method for simultaneous determination of legacy and alternative FRs,including polychlorinated naphthalenes(PCNs),short-and middle-chain chlorinated paraffins(SCCPs and MCCPs),novel brominated flame retardants(NBFRs),and organophosphate esters(OPEs)in human serum.Serum samples were prepared by liquid-liquid extraction using ethyl acetate,and purified with Oasis®HLB cartridge and Florisil–silica gel columns.Instrumental analyses were carried out using gas chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry,highresolution gas chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry,and gas chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry,respectively.The proposed method was validated for linearity,sensitivity,precision,accuracy,and matrix effects.Method detection limits for NBFRs,OPEs,PCNs,SCCPs,and MCCPs were 4.6×10^(–4)–8.6×10^(–2),4.3×10^(–3)–1.3,1.1×10^(–5)–1.0×10^(–4),1.5,and 9.0×10–1 ng/mL,respectively.Matrix spike recoveries ranged from 73%–122%,71%–124%,75%–129%,92%–126%,and 94%–126%for NBFRs,OPEs,PCNs,SCCPs,and MCCPs,respectively.The analytical method was applied for detection of real human serum.CPs were the dominant FRs in serum,indicating CPs were widely presented in human serum and should be pay more attention for their health risk.

关键词： Human serum Biomonitoring Novel brominated flame retardants Organophosphate esters Chlorinated paraffins Polychlorinated naphthalenes

Estimation of transpiration coefficient and aboveground biomass in maize using time-series UAV multispectral imagery

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The Crop Journal 2022年第5期10卷 1376-1385页

作者： Guomin Shao Wenting Han Huihui zhang Yi Wang Liyuan Zhang Yaxiao Niu Yu zhang Pei Cao College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100ShaanxiChina Key Laboratory of Agricultural Internet of Things Ministry of AgricultureYangling 712100ShaanxiChina Institute of Water-Saving Agriculture in Arid Areas of China Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100ShaanxiChina Water Management and Systems Research Unit USDA-ARS2150 Centre AvenueBldg.D.Fort CollinsCO 80526USA College of Information Xi’an University of Finance and EconomicsXi’an 710100ShaanxiChina Institute of Soil and Water Conservation Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100ShaanxiChina University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Estimating spatial variation in crop transpiration coefficients(CTc) and aboveground biomass(AGB)rapidly and accurately by remote sensing can facilitate precision irrigation management in semiarid regions. This study developed and assessed a novel machine learning(ML) method for estimating CTc and AGB using time-series unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)-based multispectral vegetation indices(VIs)of maize under several irrigation treatments at the field scale. Four ML regression methods: multiple linear regression(MLR), support vector regression(SVR), random forest regression(RFR), and adaptive boosting regression(ABR), were used to address the complex relationship between CTcand VIs. AGB was then estimated using exponential, logistic, sigmoid, and linear equations because of their clear mathematical formulations based on the optimal CTcestimation model. The UAV VIs-derived CTcusing the RFR estimation model yielded the highest accuracy(R^(2)= 0.91, RMSE = 0.0526, and n RMSE = 9.07%). The normalized difference red-edge index, transformed chlorophyll absorption in reflectance index, and simple ratio contributed significantly to the RFR-based CTcmodel. The accuracy of AGB estimation using nonlinear methods was higher than that using the linear method. The exponential method yielded the highest accuracy(R^(2)= 0.76, RMSE = 282.8 g m, and n RMSE = 39.24%) in both the 2018 and 2019 growing seasons. The study confirms that AGB estimation models based on cumulative CTcperformed well under several irrigation treatments using high-resolution time-series UAV multispectral VIs and can support irrigation management with high spatial precision at a field scale.

关键词： Crop transpiration Normalized difference red-edge index Unmanned aerial vehicles Random forest regression Biomass

Cu-substituted nickel hexacyanoferrate with tunable reaction potentials for superior ammonium ion storage

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2024年第2期169卷 19-27页

作者： Leiyu Fan Guangchang Shu Yiwen Liu Haoxiang Yu Lei Yan Liyuan Zhang Jie Shu School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315211China

In this work,a variety of Cu_(x)Ni_(2-x)Fe(CN)_(6)(x=0,0.4,0.8,1.2,1.6,2)cathodes for ammonium ion batteries are prepared and their electrochemical performances are investigated.During the introduction of copper in nickel hexacyanoferrate,the electrochemical performance varies without changing the structure of nickel hexacyanoferrate.The increase of Cu content in nickel hexacyanoferrate leads to the enhancement of reaction potential and capacity.Electrochemical results suggest that the substitution of Cu for Ni has a positive effect on improving the cycling stability and rate capacity of nickel hexacyanoferrate when x in Cu_(x)Ni_(2-x)Fe(CN)_(6)is less than 0.4.Therefore,Cu_(0.4)Ni_(1.6)Fe(CN)_(6)exhibits the best cycling per-formance(capacity retention of 97.54%at 0.3 C)and the highest rate capacity(41.4 mAh g^(-1)at 10 C)in Cu_(x)Ni_(2-x)Fe(CN)_(6).Additionally,the X-ray diffraction(XRD)and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)tests also reveal that the structural evolution of Cu_(0.4)Ni_(1.6)Fe(CN)_(6)is highly reversible upon NH_(4)^(+)storage.Therefore,this work proposes a candidate material for ammoniumion batteries and offers a novel avenue for adjusting the operating potential of the material.

关键词： Nickel hexacyanoferrate Copper hexacyanoferrate NH_(4)^(+)storage Ammonium ion batteries Aqueous batteries