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技能还是素养:对幼儿园教师观察能力内涵的反思

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学前教育研究 2022年第8期 83-86页

作者：池丽英赖斯慧福建省龙岩市教育科学研究院龙岩364030 福建省龙岩学院附属幼儿园龙岩364012

我国幼儿园教师在开展儿童行为观察时长期存在着重主观经验、轻理论指导,重表面分析、缺内在联结,重行为结果、轻发展过程等问题,这与我们一直以来把教师的观察能力仅视作一种专门的教育技能有关,致使教师不能从其根本价值出发更好地思... 详细信息

我国幼儿园教师在开展儿童行为观察时长期存在着重主观经验、轻理论指导,重表面分析、缺内在联结,重行为结果、轻发展过程等问题,这与我们一直以来把教师的观察能力仅视作一种专门的教育技能有关,致使教师不能从其根本价值出发更好地思考什么是观察以及如何观察。儿童行为观察能力应是教师需要具备的基本综合素养,教师应在理性认识观察与理解限度的基础上,拓展观察的思维视域,强化观察对象之间的联结,优化观察方法与技术,提升在观察中的个体准备水平。

关键词：儿童行为观察观察能力专业素养

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严寒地区斜屋面雨水深化设计要点

给水排水 2023年第12期49卷 80-86页

作者：米长虹姚晨迟丽影宫凯悦哈尔滨工业大学建筑设计研究院有限公司哈尔滨150090

结合严寒地区寒区气候和倾斜屋顶的特点,介绍和总结了大型倾斜屋顶建筑雨水排水系统深度设计中应注意的安全问题及设计要点。分析了三角形倾斜屋面雨水排水系统中汇水面积、雨水天沟、寒区雨水冻融管理等设计参数的计算思路,为严寒地区... 详细信息

结合严寒地区寒区气候和倾斜屋顶的特点,介绍和总结了大型倾斜屋顶建筑雨水排水系统深度设计中应注意的安全问题及设计要点。分析了三角形倾斜屋面雨水排水系统中汇水面积、雨水天沟、寒区雨水冻融管理等设计参数的计算思路,为严寒地区及类似斜屋面建筑屋顶雨水排水系统的设计提供解决方案和技术参考。

关键词：严寒地区倾斜屋面雨水排水系统汇水面积天沟三角形屋面融雪系统

基于MATLAB图像处理的农业杂草种类识别研究

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信息通信 2018年第7期31卷 62-63页

作者：耿蕊于晓敏迟立颖齐齐哈尔大学现代教育技术中心黑龙江齐齐哈尔161006

近年来,农业现代化发展迅速,从作物的种植到成熟的整个过程中,出现智能化机械的身影。借助数字化智能技术对杂草进行识别和处理。分析了基于MATLAB图像处理技术识别田间杂草的必要性、主要识别依据,并以洋葱田间杂草识别研究为例,探讨... 详细信息

近年来,农业现代化发展迅速,从作物的种植到成熟的整个过程中,出现智能化机械的身影。借助数字化智能技术对杂草进行识别和处理。分析了基于MATLAB图像处理技术识别田间杂草的必要性、主要识别依据,并以洋葱田间杂草识别研究为例,探讨了杂草识别过程,力图探究这种方法的有效性。

关键词： MATLAB图像处理杂草识别光谱特征图像灰化度

Application of biofl oc technology in recirculation A rtemia culture system

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2022年第4期40卷 1669-1677页

作者： Xuejiao LIANG chi ZHANG Dongdong DU Meirong GAO liying SUI Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Chemistry and Food Technology(TUST) Ministry of EducationCollege of Marine and Environmental SciencesTianjin University of Science and TechnologyTianjin 300457China Institute of Fisheries Science Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry SciencesLhasa 850000China

Biofl oc technology(BFT)improves water quality,and productivity of the farmed species through converting ammonium nitrogen to microbial protein,stabilizing microbial community,and reducing the production *** this study,a small-scale biofl oc development unit was designed in combination of recirculation system(RAS)for Artemia *** growth,water quality,and microbial composition of biofl ocs in RAS were studied in comparison with in-situ batch culture(Glu).Glucose was added in RAS and Glu at C/N ratio of *** cultures without glucose addition,but with 50%daily water renewal(WRe)and without water renewal(NWRe)were considered as the *** mia were cultured at 25℃ and salinity 30 for 24 days and fed formulated *** results showed that compared to the controls,Glu signifi cantly improved the Artemia biomass,increased the biofl oc volume,and reduced the content of total ammonia nitrogen(TAN),nitrite nitrogen(NO_(2)-N)and nitrate nitrogen(NO_(3)-N)in water column(P<0.05).In addition,RAS had similar results with *** throughput sequencing analysis on biofl oc microbial composition demonstrated that glucose supplement shaped the microbial community structure,and increased proportion of potential probiotic bacteria and suppressed pathogenic bacteria ***,we analyzed the relationship between the microbial composition of biofl oc and environmental *** correspondence analysis(CCA)indicated that inorganic nitrogen in culture water had great impact on biofl oc microbial composition in NWRe and WRe,whilst the dissolved organic carbon(DOC)modifi ed the microbial community in Glu and *** study shows the advantages of BFT in Artemia culture and provides practical information for applying BFT-RAS in indoor Artemia culture.

关键词： biofloc technology Artemia water quality microbial community structure

Analysis of ethoxyquin and its oxidation products in swine tissues by gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry for evaluating the feed-toanimal tissue transfer of ethoxyquin and its metabolites

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2021年第2期12卷 806-814页

作者： chi Zhang Xiangrong Gai Ying Tian Jiayi Wang Dongting He Wenjun Yang liying Zhang Yiqiang Chen State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition College of Animal Science and TechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China

Background:Ethoxyquin(EQ)is a common antioxidant which is widely used in animal *** the supplement of EQ in animal feed may lead to the residues of EQ and its major oxidation products:ethoxyquin quinone imine(EQI)and ethoxyquin dimer(EQDM)in animal ***,it would pose potential health hazards to ***,the method for the simultaneous determination of EQ,EQI and EQDM in animal tissues is currently not available,and the accumulation extend of these chemicals in animal tissues after EQ administration remains to be ***:A gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method was successfully developed for the simultaneous determination of EQ,EQI and EQDM in swine *** quantitative limits of EQ,EQI and EQDM can achieve to 0.5,5.0 and 5.0μg/kg in swine tissues,*** spiked-recovery ratios of the three analytes(5–2000μg/kg)were in the range of 64.7%–100.7%with relative standard deviations below 11.6%.Moreover,the utilization of this method for the analysis of actual swine tissue samples revealed that the application of commercial EQ additive in swine diet would produce the residues of all the three chemicals(EQ,EQI and EQDM)in fat,kidney,liver and ***:The assay accuracy and precision of this GC-MS/MS method can meet the requirement of quantitative ***,the safety of EQ as a feed additive should be seriously considered with regard to food safety concerns since the oxidation product of EQ may have potential carcinogenicity.

关键词： Ethoxyquin Ethoxyquin dimer Ethoxyquin quinone imine Gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry Safety evaluation Swine tissues

Development and performance evaluation of a culture-independent nanopore amplicon-based sequencing method for accurate typing and antimicrobial resistance profiling in Neisseria gonorrhoeae

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Science china(Life Sciences) 2024年第2期67卷 421-423页

作者： chi Zhang Lulu Zhang Feng Wang Yaling Zeng liying Sun Di Wang Yamei Li Liqin Wang Junping Peng NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens Institute of Pathogen BiologyChinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100176China Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease Pathogenomics Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijing 100730China Shenzhen Center for Chronic Disease Control Shenzhen 518020China

Dear Editor,Bacterial antimicrobial resistance(AMR)poses a serious threat to global human health(Antimicrobial Resistance Collaborators,2022).Comprehensive profiling of AMR and accurate molecular typing are important for tracking and controlling the emergence and dissemination of antibiotic-resistant bacteria(Yahara et al.,2021).We previously developed a multiplex amplicon sequencing-based method for directly sequencing AMR-related loci in *** from clinical samples(Zhang et al.,2021).

关键词： gonorrhoeae resistance

A nomogram to predict prognosis for gastric cancer with peritoneal dissemination

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chinese Journal of Cancer Research 2018年第4期30卷 449-459页

作者： Shi Chen Xijie Chen Runcong Nie liying Ou Yang Aihong Liu Yuanfang Li Zhiwei Zhou Yingbo Chen Junsheng Peng Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases the Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery the Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University Department of Gastropancreatic Surgery Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center Department of Intensive Care Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center

Objective： To identify independent prognostic factors to be included in a nomogram to predict the prognosis ofgastric cancer patients with peritoneal ***： This is a retrospective study on 684 patients with a histological diagnosis of gastric cancer withperitoneal dissemination from the Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center as the development set, and 62 gastriccancer patients from the Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University as the validation group. chi-square testand Cox regression analysis were used to compare the clinicopathological variables and the prognosis of gastriccancer patients with peritoneal dissemination. The Harrell＇s concordance index （C-index） and calibration curvewere determined for comparisons of predictive ability of the ***： Univariate and multivariate analyses showed that serum carcinoembryonic antigen （CEA） level（P=0.032）, ascites grading （P=0.008）, presence of extraperitoneal metastasis （P〈0.001）, seeding status （P=0.016） andperformance status （P=0.009） were independent prognostic factors for gastric cancer patients with peritonealdissemination in the development set. The nomogram model was constructed using these five factors. Internalvalidation showed that the C-index of the model was 0.641. For the external validation, the C-index of this modelwas ***： We developed and validated a nomogram to predict the prognosis for gastric cancer patients withperitoneal dissemination. This nomogram may play an important clinical role in guiding palliative therapy for thesetypes of patients, although it may need more data for optimization.

关键词： Gastric cancer prognosis peritoneal dissemination nomogram

基于退化相关性分析的竞争失效系统可靠性模型

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兵工学报 2020年第7期41卷 1423-1433页

作者：杨志远赵建民程中华李俐莹池阔陆军工程大学石家庄校区装备指挥与管理系河北石家庄050003 河北科技大学信息学院河北石家庄050000

复杂系统失效往往受多个退化过程及外界冲击的影响,属于竞争失效过程。为分析此类系统可靠性同时考虑冲击过程对退化过程的影响、不同退化过程间的相关关系和冲击导致不同退化过程退化突增量之间的相关关系,基于Gamma过程和Copula函数... 详细信息

复杂系统失效往往受多个退化过程及外界冲击的影响,属于竞争失效过程。为分析此类系统可靠性同时考虑冲击过程对退化过程的影响、不同退化过程间的相关关系和冲击导致不同退化过程退化突增量之间的相关关系,基于Gamma过程和Copula函数建立系统竞争失效可靠性模型,并提出相应的可靠性近似模型以简化计算。在此基础上,给出相关模型的参数估计和Copula函数选择方法。以微型发动机为例对系统可靠性近似模型进行检验,并分析相关性参数对系统可靠性的影响。案例结果验证了可靠性近似模型的精确性,表明退化相关性对系统可靠度有直接影响,在退化故障为主要故障模式的系统可靠性分析中需要充分考虑退化相关性。

关键词：竞争失效系统可靠性退化相关性随机退化过程退化阈值冲击模型

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中文阅读障碍儿童字形结构辨别的研究现状

教育生物学杂志 2022年第1期10卷 1-5页

作者：刘利影池霞南京医科大学公共卫生学院中国南京211166 马鞍山市妇幼保健院儿童保健科中国马鞍山243011 南京医科大学附属妇产医院儿童保健科中国南京210004

阅读障碍(dyslexia)是指智力正常的儿童在发展过程中没有明显的神经或器质性损伤,而阅读水平却显著落后于其相应智力水平或生理年龄的现象。阅读障碍是学龄儿童中最常见的一种学习障碍,约占学习障碍的80%。字形在表意文字如中文的认读... 详细信息

阅读障碍(dyslexia)是指智力正常的儿童在发展过程中没有明显的神经或器质性损伤,而阅读水平却显著落后于其相应智力水平或生理年龄的现象。阅读障碍是学龄儿童中最常见的一种学习障碍,约占学习障碍的80%。字形在表意文字如中文的认读中占据了重要位置,不同的笔画或部件只有按一定规则结合起来,才能构成人们熟悉的汉字,这些规则就被称为字形结构规则。字形结构辨别在中文阅读障碍中至关重要,但目前对中文阅读障碍儿童中字形结构辨别的研究较少且局限,因此,非常有必要在国内积极开展儿童字形结构辨别的相关研究。

关键词：中文阅读障碍字形结构儿童