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Intelligent Voltage Control Method in Active Distribution Networks Based on Averaged Weighted Double Deep Q-network Algorithm

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2023年第1期11卷 132-143页

作者： Yangyang Wang Meiqin Mao Liuchen Chang Nikos D.Hatziargyriou Research Center for Photovoltaic System Engineering Ministry of EducationSchool of Electrical Engineering and AutomationHefei University of TechnologyHefei 230009China University of New Brunswick FrederictonNB E3B 5A3Canada National Technical University of Athens Athens 15780Greece IEEE

High penetration of distributed renewable energy sources and electric vehicles(EVs)makes future active distribution network(ADN)highly variable.These characteristics put great challenges to traditional voltage control methods.Voltage control based on the deep Q-network(DQN)algorithm offers a potential solution to this problem because it possesses humanlevel control performance.However,the traditional DQN methods may produce overestimation of action reward values,resulting in degradation of obtained solutions.In this paper,an intelligent voltage control method based on averaged weighted double deep Q-network(AWDDQN)algorithm is proposed to overcome the shortcomings of overestimation of action reward values in DQN algorithm and underestimation of action reward values in double deep Q-network(DDQN)algorithm.Using the proposed method,the voltage control objective is incorporated into the designed action reward values and normalized to form a Markov decision process(MDP)model which is solved by the AWDDQN algorithm.The designed AWDDQN-based intelligent voltage control agent is trained offline and used as online intelligent dynamic voltage regulator for the ADN.The proposed voltage control method is validated using the IEEE 33-bus and 123-bus systems containing renewable energy sources and EVs,and compared with the DQN and DDQN algorithms based methods,and traditional mixed-integer nonlinear program based methods.The simulation results show that the proposed method has better convergence and less voltage volatility than the other ones.

关键词： Averaged weighted double deep Q-network(AWDDQN) deep Q learning active distribution network(ADN) voltage control electrical vehicle(EV)

Single-phase Grid-connected PV System with Golden Section Search-based MPPT Algorithm

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Chinese Journal of Electrical Engineering 2021年第4期7卷 25-36页

作者： Shuang Xu Riming Shao Bo Cao Liuchen Chang School of Electrical and Control Engineering North China University of TechnologyBeijing 100144China R&D Department Alpha Technologies Inc.Bellingham 98226USA Emera and NB Power Research Centre for Smart Grid Technologies University of New BrunswickFredericton E3B5A3Canada

Maximum power point tracking(MPPT)is a technique employed for with variable-power sources,such as solar,wind,and ocean,to maximize energy extraction under all conditions.The commonly used perturb and observe(P&O)and incremental conductance(INC)methods have advantages such as ease of implementation,but they also have the challenge of selecting the most optimized perturbation step or increment size while considering the trade-off between convergence time and oscillation.To address these issues,an MPPT solution for grid-connected photovoltaic(PV)systems is proposed that combines the golden section search(GSS),P&O,and INC methods to simultaneously achieve faster convergence and smaller oscillation,converging to the MPP by repeatedly narrowing the width of the interval at the rate of the golden ratio.The proposed MPPT technique was applied to a PV system consisting of a PV array,boost chopper,and inverter.Simulation and experimental results verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed MPPT technique,by which the system is able to locate the MPP in 36 ms and regain a drifting MPP in approximately 30 ms under transient performance.The overall MPPT efficiency is 98.99%.

关键词： Grid-connected system maximum power point tracking(MPPT) photovoltaic(PV)system single-phase inverter

Active and Reactive Power Decoupling Control of Grid-Connected Inverters in Stationary Reference Frame

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Chinese Journal of Electrical Engineering 2017年第3期3卷 18-24页

作者： Xin Zhao Liuchen Chang University of New Brunswick FrederictonNBCanada

Proportion resonant(PR)controllers are able to achieve zero steady-state error for AC input signals and are widely used for simplifying control systems in the stationary reference frame.However,power decoupling in the stationary reference frame with a PR controller has not been investigated thoroughly.Based on the complex vector model of a grid-connected inverter(GCI),this paper deduces theoretically the power coupling relationship of GCI with the traditional PR current controller.A modified PR controller is provided for achieving the power decoupling,and the design method of the controller is presented.Simulation and experimental results verify that there is coupling between active and reactive power using the traditional PR controller and the proposed method can realize the power decoupling.

关键词： Grid-connected inverter complex vector proportion resonant controller power decoupling control

Evolution of Single-Phase Power Converter Topologies Underlining Power Decoupling

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Chinese Journal of Electrical Engineering 2016年第1期2卷 24-39页

作者： Shuang Xu Liuchen Chang Riming Shao Dept of Elec.&Comp.Eng.University of New BrunswickFrederictonNEE3B 5A3Canada

Single-phase power converters are widely used in electric distribution systems under 10 kilowatts,where the second-order power imbalance between the AC side and DC side is an inherent issue.The pulsating power is decoupled from the desired constant DC power,through an auxiliary circuit using energy storage components.This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the evolution of single-phase converter topologies underlining power decoupling techniques.Passive power decoupling techniques were commonly used in single-phase power converters before active power decoupling techniques were developed.Since then,active power decoupling topologies have generally evolved based on three streams of concepts:1)current-reference active power decoupling;2)DC voltage-reference active power decoupling;and 3)AC voltage-reference active power decoupling.The benefits and drawbacks of each topology have been presented and compared with its predecessor,revealing underlying logic in the evolution of the topologies.In addition,a general comparison has also been made in terms of decoupling capacitance/inductance,additional cost,efficiency and complexity of control,providing a benchmark for future power decoupling topologies.

关键词： Power decoupling second-order ripple power single-phase power converter singlephase inverter

Schedulable capacity forecasting for electric vehicles based on big data analysis

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2019年第6期7卷 1651-1662页

作者： Meiqin MAO Shengliang ZHANG Liuchen Chang Nikos D.HATZIARGYRIOU Research Center for Photovoltaic System Engineering School of Electrical Engineering and AutomationHefei University of TechnologyHefei 230009China University of New Brunswick FrederictonNB E3B 5A3Canada National Technical University of Athens 15780 AthensGreece

Fast and accurate forecasting of schedulable capacity of electric vehicles(EVs)plays an important role in enabling the integration of EVs into future smart grids as distributed energy storage systems.Traditional methods are insufficient to deal with large-scale actual schedulable capacity data.This paper proposes forecasting models for schedulable capacity of EVs through the parallel gradient boosting decision tree algorithm and big data analysis for multi-time scales.The time scale of these data analysis comprises the real time of one minute,ultra-short-term of one hour and one-day-ahead scale of 24 hours.The predicted results for different time scales can be used for various ancillary services.The proposed algorithm is validated using operation data of 521 EVs in the field.The results show that compared with other machine learning methods such as the parallel random forest algorithm and parallel k-nearest neighbor algorithm,the proposed algorithm requires less training time with better forecasting accuracy and analytical processing ability in big data environment.

关键词： Electric vehicle(EV) Schedulable capacity Machine learning Big data Multi-time scale

基于模块化多电平换流器的电动汽车集群与智能电网集成系统参数优化设计

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电工技术学报 2018年第16期33卷 3802-3810页

作者：茆美琴陈强丁勇张榴晨教育部光伏系统工程研究中心(合肥工业大学) 合肥230009

模块化多电平换流器(MMC)为实现大规模电动汽车与智能电网集成提供了一种可行的解决方案。但由于电动汽车储能系统的特殊性,如果MMC主电路交直流电压等级、桥臂级联数等主要参数设计不当,则可能出现绝缘安全、桥臂电流越限等一系列问题... 详细信息

模块化多电平换流器(MMC)为实现大规模电动汽车与智能电网集成提供了一种可行的解决方案。但由于电动汽车储能系统的特殊性,如果MMC主电路交直流电压等级、桥臂级联数等主要参数设计不当,则可能出现绝缘安全、桥臂电流越限等一系列问题,从而影响系统的安全、高效率运行。为此,基于MMC的电动汽车集成系统(MMC-EVIS)多目标功率管理策略,建立了MMC-EVIS系统调制度、桥臂电流峰值和电动汽车充/放电峰值功率系数等设计指标,提出了MMC-EVIS参数优化配置区间。以某一中等规模小区充电站为场景,优化设计了功率为480k W的MMC系统,在Matlab/Simulink环境下进行仿真分析,验证了集成系统参数优化设计的合理性与必要性,为MMC-EVIS设计及运行提供了一定的参考。

关键词：电动汽车模块化多电平换流器参数优化设计多目标功率管理策略智能电网

基于解析计算的CSC-PMSG-WGS控制器PI参数设计

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电工技术学报 2017年第20期32卷 205-212页

作者：茆美琴张中洋丁勇张榴晨教育部光伏系统工程研究中心(合肥工业大学) 合肥230009

在基于电流源型变换器的永磁同步风力发电系统(CSC-PMSG-WGS)控制中,比例积分(PI)控制依然是广泛采用的基本控制方法。传统PI参数设计方法由于采用诸多近似计算而使得设计结果不准确,或是由于采用智能优化算法进行参数自动寻优导致PI参... 详细信息

在基于电流源型变换器的永磁同步风力发电系统(CSC-PMSG-WGS)控制中,比例积分(PI)控制依然是广泛采用的基本控制方法。传统PI参数设计方法由于采用诸多近似计算而使得设计结果不准确,或是由于采用智能优化算法进行参数自动寻优导致PI参数的设计方法不通用。为了综合考虑系统中控制器PI参数设计的准确性和简便性,提出一种基于解析计算的设计方法。该方法首先在分析考虑工程实际情况的控制系统传递函数基础上,推导出控制器PI参数解析计算表达式;然后按照系统性能要求及系统参数确定计算式中的关键待定参数进而得到PI参数的值;最后,针对10k W CSC-PMSG-WGS系统实例,分析采用该方法的PI参数详细设计过程。仿真和实验结果证明了采用所提控制器参数设计方法能够有效减少控制器参数设计工作量,并且取得良好的动态和稳态控制性能。

关键词：电流源型变换器永磁同步发电机直驱风力发电系统比例积分参数设计

基于IEC 61850的微网能量管理系统数据通信模型及其验证

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电力系统自动化 2016年第17期40卷 210-216页

作者：茆美琴张剑张榴晨徐海波教育部光伏系统工程研究中心合肥工业大学安徽省合肥市230009 广东省易事特电源股份有限公司广东省东莞市523808

将IEC 61850系列标准应用于微网能量管理系统,可以规范、统一微网能量管理系统中的通信标准,解决不同厂商制造的设备间的互操作问题。文中将微网通信体系分为三层,详细设计了各层的体系结构及对应的IEC 61850服务器和IEC 61850客户端。... 详细信息

将IEC 61850系列标准应用于微网能量管理系统,可以规范、统一微网能量管理系统中的通信标准,解决不同厂商制造的设备间的互操作问题。文中将微网通信体系分为三层,详细设计了各层的体系结构及对应的IEC 61850服务器和IEC 61850客户端。根据IEC 61850标准建模规范和实时数据在能量管理系统中的应用特点,提出了面向分布式电源整体系统或负荷单元系统来建立微网底层设备的信息模型,并以风力发电单元为例介绍了建模过程。针对所建立的数据模型设计了4个实验,从不同的角度对微网各层通信体系结构下的信息交互进行了实际测试。测试结果验证了所建立信息体系和微网IEC 61850模型的有效性,同时为数据交换模式的优化提供了基础,为微网的设备集成、运行分析及智能控制提供了有效的技术手段。

关键词：微网(微电网) 能量管理系统 IEC 61850 信息模型

微网——未来能源互联网系统中的“有机细胞”

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电力系统自动化 2017年第19期41卷 1-11,45页

作者：茆美琴丁勇王杨洋张榴晨教育部光伏系统工程研究中心合肥工业大学安徽省合肥市230009

从微网与能源互联网系统在内涵上互相渗透、联系的视角,梳理了二者发展现状和典型特征。进一步从位置本地性、源荷多元性、结构多样性、运行灵活性、整体可控性、电网交互性等六方面分析了微网在未来能源互联网系统中的"有机细胞"作用,... 详细信息

从微网与能源互联网系统在内涵上互相渗透、联系的视角,梳理了二者发展现状和典型特征。进一步从位置本地性、源荷多元性、结构多样性、运行灵活性、整体可控性、电网交互性等六方面分析了微网在未来能源互联网系统中的"有机细胞"作用,包括改善电能质量,提高电网可靠性与弹性,增加不同区域之间能量的协调调度,增加负荷的主动调控能力,承载信息双向流动,提高能源总体利用效率等;总结了微网互联构成能源互联网系统可能的几种典型形式。最后对未来支撑能源互联网系统发展的微网关键技术与设备进行了评述和展望。

关键词：微网(微电网) 能源互联网系统电力系统弹性能量路由器电动汽车储能技术