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An ultra-deep TSV technique enabled by the dual catalysis-based electroless plating of combined barrier and seed layers

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第3期10卷 409-419页

作者： Yuwen Su Yingtao Ding Lei Xiao Ziyue zhang Yangyang Yan zhifang liu Zhiming Chen Huikai Xie School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijingChina Chongqing Institute of Microelectronics and Microsystems Beijing Institute of TechnologyChongqingChina

Silicon interposers embedded with ultra-deep through-silicon vias(TSVs)are in great demand for the heterogeneous integration and packaging of opto-electronic chiplets and microelectromechanical systems(MEMS)*** the cost-effective and reliable manufacturing of ultra-deep TSVs,the formation of continuous barrier and seed layers remains a crucial challenge to ***,we present a novel dual catalysis-based electroless plating(ELP)technique by tailoring polyimide(PI)liner surfaces to fabricate dense combined Ni barrier/seed layers in ultradeep *** additional to the conventional acid catalysis procedure,a prior catalytic step in an alkaline environment is proposed to hydrolyze the PI surface into a polyamide acid(PAA)interfacial layer,resulting in additional catalysts and the formation of a dense Ni layer that can function as both a barrier layer and a seed layer,particularly at the bottom of the deep *** with depths larger than 500μm and no voids are successfully fabricated in this *** fabrication process involves low costs and *** a fabricated 530-μm-deep TSV with a diameter of 70μm,the measured depletion capacitance and leakage current are approximately 1.3 pF and 1.7 pA at 20 V,respectively,indicating good electrical *** proposed fabrication strategy can provide a cost-effective and feasible solution to the challenge of manufacturing ultra-deep TSVs for modern 3D heterogeneous integration and packaging applications.

关键词： properties catalysis alkaline

Preferential Formation of Ethylene via Electrocatalytic CO_(2) Reduction on Mesoporous Cu_(2)O Nanoparticles:Synergistic Effects of Pore Structure Confinement and Surface Amine

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2024年第16期42卷 1846-1852页

作者： Haifeng zhang Dun Li zhifang Chen Yingying Wang Haoyu Sun Feng liu Maochang liu Yiqun Zheng Hongwen Huang School of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and MaterialsJining UniversityQufuShandong 273155China College of Materials Science and Engineering Hunan UniversityChangshaHunan 410082China Health Management Department Shandong Vocational College of Light IndustryZiboShandong 255300China International Research Center for Renewable Energy National Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiotong UniversityXi'anShaanxi 710049China

We present a facile synthetic strategy to create mesoporous Cu_(2)O nanocrystals with tunable pore structures and surface functional groups of amine derivatives for efficient and preferable electrochemical conversion of CO_(2) into *** structural characteristics of theseCu_(2)O nanocrystals can be manipulated using a set of amine derivatives,such as pyridine,4,4'-bipyridine,and hexamethylenetetramine,during the oxidative etching process of Cu nanocrystals by bubbling gaseous oxygen in N,N-dimethylformamide *** amine derivatives not only serve as surface functional groups but also significantly affect the resulting pore *** synergistic effect of pore structure confinement and surface amine functionalization leads to the superb Faradaic efficiency(FE)of 51.9% for C_(2)H_(4),respectively,together with the C_(2)H_(4) partial current density of -209.4 mA·cm^(-2) at -0.8 V *** hydrogen electrode(RHE).The relatively high selectivity towards C_(2)H_(4) was investigated using DFT simulations,where 4,4'-bipyridine functionalized Cu_(2)O seemed to favor the C_(2)H_(4) formation with the low free energy of the *** study provides a feasible strategy to manipulate the pore structure and surface functionalization of mesoporous Cu_(2)O nanocrystals by regulating the oxidative etching process,which sheds light on the rational preparation of high-performance CO_(2)RR electrocatalysts.

关键词： Amines Ethylene Cuprous oxide CO_(2)reduction Mesoporous materials

Adenosine triphosphate mediates the pain tolerance effect of manual acupuncture at Zusanli(ST36) in mice

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2024年第4期44卷 660-669页

作者： LI Zhongzheng ZHAO Yadan Ma Weigang zhang Yonglong XU zhifang XI Qiang LI Yanqi QIN Siru zhang Zichen WANG Songtao ZHAO Xue liu Yangyang GUO Yi GUO Yongming Research Center of Experimental Acupuncture Science Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjin 301617China National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion Tianjin 301617China Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion Qingdao Hiser Hospital Affiliated of Qingdao University(Qingdao Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital)Qingdao 266033China School of Traditional Chinese Medicine Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjin 301617China School of Acupuncture and Moxibustion and Tuina Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjin 301617China

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the mechanisms behind the effects of acupuncture in Traditional Chinese Medicine,we delved into the adenosine triphosphate/peripheral purinergic P2X receptor 3(ATP/P2X3)receptor signaling system as an indicator of the body's energy state,commonly referred to as"Qi".METHODS:The tail-flick test was utilized to explore the impact of acupuncture on pain tolerance threshold(PTT)in mice,while also assessing adenosine(ADO)levels and adenylate energy charge(EC)at Zusanli(ST36).The study further investigated the dose-dependent effects of acupuncture on PTT and ADO levels at Zusanli(ST36).To shed light on the underlying mechanisms of acupuncture's effects,the study examined the impact of ATP,a P2X3 receptor antagonist,and adenosine disodium on PTT following acupuncture ***:Acupuncture at Zusanli(ST36)led to significant improvements in PTT in mice,with the most effective interventions being twirling for 2 min and needle retention for 28 *** interventions also resulted in significant increases in ATP *** effects of acupuncture were further augmented by administration of different doses of ATP at Zusanli(ST36),and pretreatment with a P2X3 receptor antagonist decreased *** EC peaked at 30 min after intraperitoneal injection of ATP,and pretreatment with various doses of *** 30 min prior to acupuncture increased PTT in a dose-dependent ***,pretreatment with an *** intramuscular injection of adenosine disodium enhanced the effects of ***:This research provides compelling evidence that ATP is involved in the regulation of PTT through acupuncture,revealing new avenues for achieving enhanced clinical outcomes.

关键词： acupuncture point ST36(Zusanli) adenosine triphosphate receptors,purinergic P2X3 energy state

Lanthanide-based microlasers:Synthesis,structures,and biomedical applications

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Nano Research 2024年第1期17卷 97-111页

作者： Qian zhang Yawei liu Kai liu Hongjie zhang Engineering Research Center of Advanced Rare Earth Materials(Ministry of Education) Department of ChemistryTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun 130022China Xiangfu Laboratory Jiaxing 314102China

The large size of lasers limits their applications in confined spaces,such as in biosensing and in vivo brain tissue *** this regard,micron-sized lasers have been *** exhibit great potential for biological detecting,remote sensing,and depth tracking due to their small sizes,sensitive properties of their spectral fingerprints,and flexible positional modulation in the ***-based luminescent materials that possess long excited-state lifetime,narrow emission bandwidth,and upconversion behaviors are promising as gain mediums for novel *** addition,lanthanide-based microlasers could be generated under natural ambient conditions with pumped or continuous light sources,which significantly promotes the practical applications of *** progress in the design,synthesis,and biomedical applications of lanthanide-based microlasers has been outlined in this *** ions doped and upconverted lanthanide-based microlasers are highlighted,which exhibit advantageous structures,miniaturized dimensions,and high lasing *** applications of lanthanide-based microlasers are further discussed,the upconverted microlasers show great advantages for biological applications owing to their tunable excitation and emission characteristics and excellent environmental ***,perspectives and challenges in the field of lanthanide-based microlasers are presented.

关键词： microlasers lanthanide-based luminescent materials upconversion nanoparticles biological applications

Stochastic Unit Commitment with High-Penetration Offshore Wind Power Generation in Typhoon Scenarios

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2024年第2期12卷 535-546页

作者： Yanqi liu Dundun liu Hongcai zhang State Key Laboratory of Internet of Things for Smart City and Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of MacaoMacao 999078China University of Macao Zhuhai UM Science and Technology Research Institute ZhuhaiChina

To tackle the energy crisis and climate change,wind farms are being heavily invested in across the *** China's coastal areas,there are abundant wind resources and numerous offshore wind farms are being *** secure operation of these wind farms may suffer from typhoons,and researchers have studied power system operation and resilience enhancement in typhoon ***,the intricate movement of a typhoon makes it challenging to evaluate its spatial-temporal *** published papers only consider predefined typhoon trajectories neglecting *** address this challenge,this study proposes a stochastic unit commitment model that incorporates high-penetration offshore wind power generation in typhoon *** adopts a data-driven method to describe the uncertainties of typhoon trajectories and considers the realistic anti-typhoon mode in offshore wind farms.A two-stage stochastic unit commitment model is designed to enhance power system resilience in typhoon *** formulate the model into a mixed-integer linear programming problem and then solve it based on the computationally-efficient progressive hedging algorithm(PHA).Finally,numerical experiments validate the effectiveness of the proposed method.

关键词： Unit commitment two-stage stochastic programming offshore wind farm typhoon

Structure characterization of the oxide film on FGH96 superalloy powders with various oxidation degrees

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第9期31卷 2037-2047页

作者： Yang liu Yufeng liu Sha zhang Lin zhang Peng zhang Shaorong zhang Na liu Zhou Li Xuanhui Qu Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering Institute for Advanced Materials and TechnologyUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Institute of Materials Intelligent Technology Liaoning Academy of MaterialsShenyang 110004China Science and Technology on Advanced High Temperature Structural Materials Laboratory AECC Beijing Institute of Aeronautical MaterialsBeijing 100095China

The structure of the oxide film on FGH96 alloy powders significantly influences the mechanical properties of *** this study,FGH96 alloy powders with various oxygen contents were investigated using high-resolution transmission electron microscopy and atomic probe technology to elucidate the structure evolution of the oxide *** dispersive spectrometer analysis revealed the presence of two distinct components in the oxide film of the alloy powders:amorphous oxide layer covering the γ matrix and amorphous oxide particles above the *** alloying elements within the oxide layer showed a laminated distribution,with Ni,Co,Cr,and Al/Ti,which was attributed to the decreasing oxygen equilibrium pressure as oxygen diffused from the surface into the γ *** the other hand,Ti enrichment was observed in the oxide particles caused by the oxidation and decomposition of the carbide *** analysis of the oxide film with oxygen contents of 140,280,and 340 ppm showed similar element distributions,while the thickness of the oxide film varies approximately at 9,14,and 30 nm,*** findings provide valuable insights into the structural analysis of the oxide film on FGH96 alloy powders.

关键词： Ni-based superalloys surface structure oxide layer thickness oxidation behavior element distribution

Precise measurement of geometric and physical quantities in cutting tools inspection and condition monitoring: A review

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第4期37卷 23-53页

作者： Wenqi WANG Wei liu Yang zhang Yang liu Peidong zhang Zhenyuan JIA State Key Laboratory of High-Performance Precision Manufacturing Dalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China

As one of the most important terminals in machining, cutting tools have been widely used for components manufacturing in aerospace and other industries. The quality of these components and processing efficiency are closely linked to the performance of cutting tools. Therefore, it is essential and critical to inspect the cutting tools and monitor the condition during the stage of manufacturing and machining. This review aims to discuss and summarize the key problems, methods,and techniques from the perspective of the tool geometric and the physical quantities measurement,including machine vision, physical sensors and data processing. It is worth mentioning that we focus on the topic of precision measurement methods and discuss universal solutions by identifying the common characteristics of the measured quantities. Eventually, the challenges and future trends for the development of in-depth research and practical applications are concluded. The research and application of precise measurement techniques for geometric and physical quantities will better promote the development of intelligent manufacturing.

关键词： Cutting tools Mechanical measurement Machine vision Physical sensors Tool condition monitoring

Synthesis of core-shell nanostructured SiO_(2)/TiO_(2)photocatalysts via atomic layer deposition in a fluidized bed with central tube

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Particuology 2024年第8期91卷 19-28页

作者： Wei liu Daoyin liu Zuyang zhang Zhenkun Sun Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education School of Energy&EnvironmentSoutheast UniversityNanjing 210096China

Fluidized bed atomic layer deposition is an efficient technique for particle coating with precise control over the film thickness and uniformity at the *** this study,a fluidized bed with a central tube is designed,where the central tube has two roles:improve fluidization and deliver precursors *** synthesis of core-shell structured SiO_(2)/TiO_(2)nanoparticle catalysts for photodegradation of tetracycline hydrochloride(TC)is carried out using TiCl_(4)and H_(2)O as precursors at 180℃under atmospheric *** the combination of vibration and central tube,the segregation of agglomerate size along the bed height is weakened,and the prepared SiO_(2)/TiO_(2)nanoparticles show excellent photocatalytic degradation performance:the degradation efficiency on TC is 96%under 300 W xenon lamp irradiation for 60 *** mechanism of enhanced photocatalytic activity is due to the Ti-O-Si bonds generated at the interface,which increase the ability to absorb sunlight and accelerate the separation of holes and electrons.

关键词： SiO_(2)/TiO_(2)nanoparticles Fluidization Atomic layer deposition Photocatalysts Photocatalytic mechanism

Optimized the vanadium electrolyte with sulfate-phosphoric mixed acids to enhance the stable operation at high-temperature

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2024年第2期18卷 13-26页

作者： Ling Ge Tao liu Yimin zhang Hong liu School of Resource and Environmental Engineering Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430081China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Mineral Metallurgical Resources Utilization and Pollution Control Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430081China Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for High Efficient Utilization of Vanadium Resources Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430081China Hubei Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of High Efficient Cleaning Utilization for Shale Vanadium Resource Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430081China School of Resource and Environmental Engineering Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070China

Herein, the influence of the concentration design and comprehensive performance of the sulfate-phosphoric mixed acid system electrolyte is investigated to realize an electrolyte that maintains high energy density and stable operation at high temperatures. Static stability tests have shown that VOPO4 precipitation occurs only with vanadium(V) electrolyte. The concentration of vanadium ion of 2.0–2.2 mol·L^(–1), phosphoric acid of 0.10–0.15 mol·L^(–1), and sulfuric acid of 2.5–3.0 mol·L^(–1) are suitable for a vanadium redox flow battery in the temperature range from –20 to 50 ℃. The equations for predicting the viscosity and conductivity of electrolytes are obtained by the response surface method. The optimized electrolyte overcomes precipitation generation. It has 2.8 times higher energy density than the non-phosphate electrolyte, and a coulomb efficiency of 94.0% at 50 ℃. The sulfate-phosphoric mixed acid system electrolyte promotes the electrode reaction process, increases the current density, and reduces the resistance. This work systematically optimizes the concentrations of composition of positive and negative vanadium electrolytes with mixed sulfate-phosphoric acid. It provides a basis for the different valence states and comprehensive properties of sulfate-phosphoric mixed acid system vanadium electrolytes under extreme environments, guiding engineering applications.

关键词： all vanadium redox flow battery mixed-acid vanadium electrolyte concentration optimization response surface methodology high-temperature stability