Neogenin is a transmembrane receptor critical for multiple cellular processes,including neurogenesis,astrogliogenesis,endochondral bone formation,and iron *** we present evidence that loss of neogenin contributes to p...
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Neogenin is a transmembrane receptor critical for multiple cellular processes,including neurogenesis,astrogliogenesis,endochondral bone formation,and iron *** we present evidence that loss of neogenin contributes to pathogenesis of persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous(PHPV)formation,a genetic disorder accounting for^5% of blindness in the *** loss of neogenin in neural crest cells(as observed in Wntl-Cre;Neofff mice),but not neural stem cells(as observed in GFAP-Cre and Nestin-Cre;Neo^f/f mice),resulted in a dysregulation of neural crest cell migration or delamination,exhibiting features of PHPV-like pathology(*** retrolental mass),unclosed retinal fissure,and *** results demonstrate an unrecognized function of neogenin in preventing PHPV pathogenesis,implicating neogenin regulation of neural crest cell delamination/migration and retinal fissure formation as potential underlying mechanisms of PHPV.
Metal halide perovskites possess appealing optoelectronic properties and have been widely applied for solar energy harvesting and light *** perovskite solar cells(PeSCs)and perovskite light-emitting diodes(PeLEDs)have...
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Metal halide perovskites possess appealing optoelectronic properties and have been widely applied for solar energy harvesting and light *** perovskite solar cells(PeSCs)and perovskite light-emitting diodes(PeLEDs)have been developed rapidly in recent years,there are still no universal rules for the selection of perovskites to achieve high-performance optoelectronic *** this review,the working mechanisms of PeSCs and PeLEDs are first demonstrated with the discussion on the factors which determine the device *** then examine the optoelectronic properties of perovskites with structures modulated from 3D,2D,1D to 0D,and analyze the corresponding structure-property relationships in terms of photo-electric and electric-photo conversion *** on the unique optoelectronic properties of structurally modulated perovskites,we put forward the concept of structural assembling engineering that integrate the merits of different types of perovskites within one matrix and elaborate their excellent properties for applications of both PeSCs and ***,we discuss the potential challenges and provide our perspectives on the structural assembling engineering of perovskites for future optoelectronic applications.
vsx1(visual system homeobox-1),a homeobox gene originally identified from an adult goldfish retinal cDNA library,has been shown to regulate retina progenitor proliferation,differentiation and functional maintenance of...
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vsx1(visual system homeobox-1),a homeobox gene originally identified from an adult goldfish retinal cDNA library,has been shown to regulate retina progenitor proliferation,differentiation and functional maintenance of bipolar cells in ***,in all the examined vertebrate species,vsx1 transcripts can be also detected at the early developmental stage,suggesting that it may play an important role in regulating early embryogenesis as ***,we investigated the function of vsx1 in early embryogenesis of goldfish(Carassius auratus) with both overexpression and gene knockdown *** was found that vsx1 overexpression specifically blocked dorsal midline structure for-mation and vsx1 knockdown led to disorganized dorsal midline ***-mount in situ hy-bridization revealed that the midline expression of ntl,a key regulatory gene for chordamesoderm,was repressed by vsx1 overexpression but enhanced in the vsx1 ***,VSX1 protein could bind ntl promoter directly and was sufficient to inhibit ntl promoter-driven reporter gene green fluorescence protein ***,these results suggested that vsx1 may act to repress ec-topic expression of ntl in neural progenitor cells to ensure neural tube development in a spatially coordinated pattern during early embryogenesis.
Topological valley-contrasting physics has attracted great attention in exploring the use of the valley degree of freedom as a promising carrier of ***,this concept has been extended to acoustic systems to obtain nonb...
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Topological valley-contrasting physics has attracted great attention in exploring the use of the valley degree of freedom as a promising carrier of ***,this concept has been extended to acoustic systems to obtain nonbackscattering sound ***,previous demonstrations are limited by the cut-of frequency of 2D waveguides and lattice-scale size restrictions since the topological edge states originate from Bragg *** we engineer topologically valley-projected edge states in the form of spoof surface acoustic waves that confne along the surface of a subwavelength honeycomb lattice composed of 330-mL soda *** inversion symmetry is broken through injecting a certain amount of water into one of the two cans in each unit cell,which gaps the Dirac cone and ultimately leads to the topological valley-Hall phase ***-frequency ranges of the valley-projected edge states below the sound line are observed,which originate from the frst-order and second-order resonances,*** results have the potential to enable promising routes to design integrated acoustic devices based on valley-contrasting physics.
Alzheimer's disease(AD)is a progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by memory loss and cognitive *** is caused by synaptic failure and excessive accumulation of misfolded *** date,almost all advanced clini...
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Alzheimer's disease(AD)is a progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by memory loss and cognitive *** is caused by synaptic failure and excessive accumulation of misfolded *** date,almost all advanced clinical trials on specific AD-related pathways have failed mostly due to a large number of neurons lost in the brain of patients with ***,currently available drug candidates intervene too *** cells have improved characteristics of self-renewal,proliferation,differentiation,and recombination with the advent of stem cell technology and the transformation of these cells into different types of central nervous system neurons and glial *** cell treatment has been successful in AD animal *** preclinical studies on stem cell therapy for AD have proved to be *** replacement therapies,such as human embryonic stem cells or induced pluripotent stem cell–derived neural cells,have the potential to treat patients with AD,and human clinical trials are ongoing in this ***,many steps still need to be taken before stem cell therapy becomes a clinically feasible treatment for human AD and related *** paper reviews the pathophysiology of AD and the application prospects of related stem cells based on cell type.
In order to increase children’s daily intake of dietary fiber and protein,the effects of soluble dietary fiber(SDF)supplement including high-amylose corn starch(HACS),inulin,fructo-oligosaccharides(FOS),galactose oli...
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In order to increase children’s daily intake of dietary fiber and protein,the effects of soluble dietary fiber(SDF)supplement including high-amylose corn starch(HACS),inulin,fructo-oligosaccharides(FOS),galactose oligo-saccharides(GOS),β-glucan(BG),arabinogalactan(AG),arabinoxylan(AX),and xylo-oligosaccharides(XOS)on protein digestion of multigrain noodles and the fecal microbiota of school-age children were evaluated by in vitro digestion and fermentation in this *** addition of SDF in multigrain noodles retained a high protein content,which is beneficial for children *** HACS and inulin,the addition of other SDFs significantly increased protein hydrolysis(p<0.05)during gastrointestinal digestion,which will enhance the protein digestion for the *** addition,noodles(after digestion)containing SDF could reduce fermentation pH,increase short-chain fatty acid levels,and regulate microbiota composition during in vitro fermentation for 24 *** with HACS resulted in the highest short-chain fatty acids production during *** containing FOS,GOS and HACS significantly increased the abundance of Bifidobacterium,Lactobacillus and Clostridium-sensu_stricto_1(p<0.05)at genus level in fecal microbiota during *** indicated that FOS,GOS and HACS are more suitable to be added to multigrain noodles to improve protein and fiber intake for school-age children.
Macrophages are well known for their phagocytic functions in innate immunity across *** mammals,they rapidly consume a large amount of energy by shifting their metabolism from mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation t...
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Macrophages are well known for their phagocytic functions in innate immunity across *** mammals,they rapidly consume a large amount of energy by shifting their metabolism from mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation toward aerobic glycolysis,to perform the effective bactericidal function upon ***,they strive for sufficient energy resources by restricting systemic *** contrast,under nutrient deprivation,the macrophage population is down-regulated to save energy for *** melanogaster possesses a highly conserved and comparatively simple innate immune ***,recent studies have shown that Drosophila plasmatocytes,the macrophage-like blood cells,adopt comparable metabolic remodeling and signaling pathways to achieve energy reassignment when challenged by pathogens,indicating the conservation of such metabolic strategies between insects and ***,focusing on Drosophila macrophages(plasmatocytes),we review recent advances regarding their comprehensive roles in local or systemic metabolism under homeostasis or stress,emphasizing macrophages as critical players in the crosstalk between the immune system and organic metabolism from a Drosophila perspective.
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