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PbrARF4 contributes to calyx shedding of fruitlets in ‘Dangshan Suli’ pear by partly regulating the expression of abscission genes

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Horticultural Plant Journal 2024年第2期10卷 341-354页

作者： Guoling Guo Pengfei Wei Tao Yu Haiyan Zhang Wei Heng Lun liu Liwu Zhu Bing Jia School of Horticulture Anhui Agricultural UniversityHefeiAnhui 230036China Huayuan Foreign Language School Zhejiang Normal UniversityJinhuaZhejiang 322100China Agricultural Experimental Center of Guiyang Guiyang Agriculture and Rural BureauGuiyangGuizhou 550018China

Fruitlet calyx shedding in pear plants is apparently regulated via numerous pathways that involve both environmental triggers and phytohormones cues such as auxin. In this study, we found at 10 days after full bloom (DAFB) higher levels of indoleacetic acid (IAA) and tryptophan (Trp) in calyx persistence fruitlet (CPF) than calyx shedding fruitlet (CSF) ofDanshan Suli’ pear (Pyrus bretschneideri Rhed.). Consisting with this, the activity of indolealdehyde oxidase (IAAIdO), which promotes IAA synthesis, was remarkably increased, and that of peroxidase(POD), which degrades IAA, dropped markedly in CPF but not in CSF. Further, qRT-PCR results revealed that most of 31 PbrARFs (encoding auxin response factors) in Pyrus bretschneideri were highly expressed in CPF, whereas PbrARF4, PbrARF24 and PbrARF26 were significantly downregulated in CPF vis-a-vis CSF. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that 6 PbrARFs clustered in the group III, where PbrARF4 showed the closest affinity with AtARF1 that promotes organ abscission, indicating a putative role of PbrARF4 in mediating the process of calyx shedding in pear. In fact, the ectopic overexpression of PbrARF4 in Solanum lycopersicum resulted in an earlier-formed and deeper abscission layer (AL) in the transgenic plants, whose calyxes were more prone to wilt at the mature red stage (MR) compared with the control plants (wild-type). More importantly, expression levels of the abscission genes SILS and Sl Cel2 in transgenic plants overexpressing PbrARF4 were significantly upregulated in comparation with the WT, whereas those of Sl BI and Sl TAPG2 were considerably inhibited. Further, PbrJOINTLESS and PbrIDA,the two genes related to calyx shedding in pear, were up-regulated more in CSF than CPF. The findings contribute to a better understanding of PbrARFs involved in fruitlet calyx shedding of pear, which could prove beneficial to improving the quality of pear fruit.

关键词： Pear Pyrus bretschneideri Rehd Calyx shedding IAA PbrARF4 Abscission genes

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Geochemical and Isotopic Techniques Constraints on the Origin,Evolution,and Residence Time of Low-enthalpy Geothermal Water in Western Wugongshan,SE China

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2024年第3期98卷 801-818页

作者： WANG Luyao liu Kai MA Yan ZHANG Yaoyao TONG Jue JIA Wuhui ZHANG Shouchuan SUN Junliang Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing 100037China School of Water Resources and Environment China University of Geoscience(Beijing)Beijing 100083China The Fourth Geological Brigade of Jiangxi Geological Bureau PingxiangJiangxi 337000China

Geothermal resources are increasingly gaining attention as a competitive,clean energy source to address the energy crisis and mitigate climate *** Wugongshan area,situated in the southeast coast geothermal belt of China,is a typical geothermal anomaly and contains abundant medium-and low-temperature geothermal *** study employed hydrogeochemical and isotopic techniques to explore the cyclic evolution of geothermal water in the western Wugongshan region,encompassing the recharge origin,water-rock interaction mechanisms,and residence *** results show that the geothermal water in the western region of Wugongshan is weakly alkaline,with low enthalpy and mineralization *** hydrochemistry of geothermal waters is dominated by Na-HCO_(3)and Na-SO_(4),while the hydrochemistry types of cold springs are all Na-HCO_(3).The hydrochemistry types of surface waters and rain waters are NaHCO_(3)or Ca-HCO_(3).The δD and δ^(18)O values reveal that the geothermal waters are recharged by atmospheric precipitation at an altitude between 550.0 and 1218.6 *** ratios of maj or solutes and isotopic compositions of^(87)Sr/^(86)Sr underscore the significant role of silicate weathering,dissolution,and cation exchange in controlling geothermal water ***,geothermal waters experienced varying degrees of mixing with cold water during their ***δ^(13)C values suggest that the primary sources of carbon in the geothermal waters were biogenic and ***δ^(34)S value suggests that the sulfates in geothermal water originate from sulfide minerals in the surrounding *** dating using 3H and^(14)C isotopes suggests that geothermal waters have a residence time exceeding 1 kaBP and undergo a long-distance cycling process.

关键词： geothermal water hydrochemistry isotope residence time Wugongshan area

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Atomically Dispersed Pt and NiO Clusters Synergistically Enhanced C–O Bond Hydrogenolysis

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CCS Chemistry 2024年第3期6卷 709-718页

作者： Junjuan Yang Sen Luan Minghua Dong Yuxuan Wu Xueqing Xing Xingwu liu Junfeng Xiang Zhijuan Zhao Shaopeng Li Bin Zhang Huizhen liu Buxing Han Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and ThermodynamicsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190 School of Chemical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049 Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility Institute of High Energy PhysicsBeijing 100049 National Energy Center for Coal to Liquids Synfuels China Co.Ltd.Huairou DistrictBeijing 101400 Center for Physicochemical Analysis and Measurement Institute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190 Physical Science Laboratory Huairou National Comprehensive Science CenterUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049

C–Obond activation is a highly efficient,fundamental strategy in the depolymerization and hydrodeoxygenation of chemicals with oxygen-containing functional groups such as oil,coal,and *** efficient catalysts for C–Oactivation with ultralow-loading noble and non-noble metals is highly desirable for the improvement of metal atomic ***,bimetallic catalysts with atomically dispersed Pt and NiO clusters on different supports were fabricated,and the prepared Pt^(δ+)-NiO/Nb_(2)O_(5)and Pt^(δ+)-NiO/TiO_(2)showed outstanding activity for the hydrogenolysis of benzyl phenyl ether with>99%yield of phenol and toluene due to the excellent cooperation of atomically dispersed Pt and NiO *** synergy mechanism between Pt and Ni and their respective roles in the bimetallic catalyst for C–O hydrogenolysis were clearly *** findings deepen our understanding of the synergy of the two active components and are expected to provide new design concepts for the development of multicomponents catalysts.

关键词： bimetallic catalysis synergistic effect C-O bond activation hydrogenolysis hydrogen spillover

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Construction of Z-scheme Cu-CeO_(2)/BiOBr heterojunction for enhanced photocatalytic degradation of sulfathiazole

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第7期35卷 167-172页

作者： Xingmin Chen Yunyun Wu Yao Tang Peishen Li Shuai Gao Qiang Wang Wen liu Sihui Zhan College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering Nankai UniversityTianjin 300350China Laboratory for Micro-Sized Functional Materials&College of Elementary Education and Department of Chemistry Capital Normal UniversityBeijing 100048China College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences(MOE)Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China

The utilization of an efficient photocatalyst is crucial for the photocatalytic degradation of antibiotics in water through visible light,which is an imperative requirement for the remediation of water *** this study,a novel Cu-CeO_(2)/BiOBr Z-type heterojunction was synthesized by calcination and hydrothermal methods,and the degradation rate of sulfathiazole(STZ)antibiotic solution was studied using simulated illumination(300 W xenon lamp).The results indicated that 3%Cu-CeO_(2)/BiOBr achieved a degradation rate of 92.3%within 90 min when treating 20 mg/L STZ solution,demonstrating its potential for practical water treatment *** using various chemical instruments revealed that 3%Cu-CeO_(2)/Bi OBr exhibited the lowest electron-hole recombination rate and electron transfer ***,the utilization of ESR data and quenching experiments has substantiated the involvement of hydroxyl radicals(·OH)and superoxide radicals(·O_(2)^(-))as the primary active ***,a plausible degradation mechanism has been *** findings offer a prospective approach for the development of heterojunction materials with appropriate band matching.

关键词： Cu-CeO_(2)/BiOBr nanoheterojunction Photocatalytic degradation Sulfathiazole Z-scheme

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Four New Terpyridine Complexes Based Polyoxometalates with[W_(10)O_(32)]^(4-) Anions as High-Efficiency Dual-Site Catalysis for Thioether Oxidation Reaction

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2024年第6期42卷 592-598页

作者： Yin Zhang Wei-Dong Yu Fang-Qian Wang Xiangnan Wang Jiawan Zhou Chao liu Jun Yan Junior Education Department Changsha Normal UniversityChangshaHunan410100 China School of Science Hunan University of Technology and BusinessChangshaHunan410000 China College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Central South UniversityChangshaHunan410000 China

Polyoxometalates modified with complex cations have attracted increasing attention because of the fascinating properties and the controllable *** adjusting the synthesis conditions,four new terpyridine complexes based hybrid POMs,[(TPY-H)CuCl]_(4)[W_(10)O_(32)]·2DMF·2H_(2)O(1),[(TPY-H)Cu(DMSO)(H_(2)O)]_(2)[W_(10)O_(32)]·2H_(2)O(2),[(TPY-H)_(2)Cu]_(2)[W_(10)O_(32)]·6DMSO·8H_(2)O(3) and[(TPY-Br)CuCl(DMSO)(H_(2)O)]_(2)[(TPY-Br)CuCl]_(2)[W_(10)O_(32)]·2DMSO·4H_(2)O(4),were prepared by using‘one-pot’***-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses,infrared radiation,etc.,revealed the structural composition of compounds 1—4,which indicates that synthesis conditions have a directional regulatory effect on the compounds *** oxidation catalytic reactions show 1—4 have good catalytic activities,and powder X-ray diffraction and thermogravimetry analysis show 1—4 have superduper catalytic ***,4 has better catalytic activity because of the different structure of terpyridine ***,a possible mechanism of dual-site catalysis by both cations and anions is proposed.

关键词： Polyoxometalates Terpyridine complexes Thioether oxidation Dual-site catalysis Clusters

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Effect of bubble morphology and behavior on power consumption in non-Newtonian fluids’aeration process

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2024年第1期65卷 243-254页

作者： Xiemin liu Jing Wan Jinnan Sun Lin Zhang Feng Zhang Zhibing Zhang Xinyao Li Zheng Zhou Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of Ministry of Education(MOE) School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China Dalian Research Institute of Petroleum and Petrochemicals SINOPECDalian 116045China

Due to a prolonged operation time and low mass transfer efficiency, the primary challenge in the aeration process of non-Newtonian fluids is the high energy consumption, which is closely related to the form and rate of impeller, ventilation, rheological properties and bubble morphology in the reactor. In this perspective, through optimal computational fluid dynamics models and experiments, the relationship between power consumption, volumetric mass transfer rate(kLa) and initial bubble size(d0) was constructed to establish an efficient operation mode for the aeration process of non-Newtonian fluids. It was found that reducing the d0could significantly increase the oxygen mass transfer rate, resulting in an obvious decrease in the ventilation volume and impeller speed. When d0was regulated within 2-5 mm,an optimal kLa could be achieved, and 21% of power consumption could be saved, compared to the case of bubbles with a diameter of 10 mm.

关键词： Non-Newtonian fluids aeration process Power consumption Volumetric mass transfer rate Bubble size

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Structural characterization and prebiotic potential of polysaccharides from Polygonatum sibiricum

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第4期13卷 2208-2220页

作者： Zihan Qi Tiexiang Gao Jingjing Li Shuhan Zhou Zhigang Zhang Mingzhu Yin Haiming Hu Hongtao liu College of Basic Medical Sciences Hubei University of Chinese MedicineWuhan 430065China College of Pharmacy Hubei University of Chinese MedicineWuhan 430065China

Polygonatum sibiricum has been widely used due to its excellent biological *** prepared a novel polysaccharide from ***(PSP)in this *** a monosaccharide composition analysis,PSP was mainly composed of fructose and glucose with a molar percentage of 93.81:*** main linkage types were identified asα-D-Glcp-1→and→2-β-D-Fruf-1→.The molecular weight of PSP showed no significant change after simulated salivary and gastrointestinal ***,PSP could be broken down by intestinal *** findings revealed that PSP administration increased the abundance of probiotics such as ***,the results showed that gut microbes could utilize PSP to produce short-chain fatty acids including acetic acid,propionic acid,and butyric ***,the PSP fermentation broth displayed an excellent scavenging effect on free radicals,including 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical,superoxide radical,and hydroxyl *** summary,this study will help to promote the application of PSP as prebiotics in functional food and the medical industry.

关键词： Dietary polysaccharides Prebiotic Gut microbiota Short-chain fatty acids

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Climate-growth relationships of Pinus tabuliformis along an altitudinal gradient on Baiyunshan Mountain,Central China

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Journal of Forestry Research 2024年第1期35卷 202-212页

作者： Xiaoxu Wei Jianfeng Peng Jinbao Li Jinkuan Li Meng Peng Xuan Li Yameng liu Jiaxin Li College of Geography and Environmental Science Henan UniversityKaifeng 475004People’s Republic of China Key Laboratory of Earth System Observation and Simulation of He’nan Province Kaifeng 475004People’s Republic of China Department of Geography University of Hong KongPokfulamHong Kong SARPeople’s Republic of China HKU Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation Shenzhen 518057People’s Republic of China

A set of standard chronologies for tree-ring width(TRW),earlywood width(EWW)and latewood width(LWW)in Pinus tabuliformis *** an altitudi-nal gradient(1450,1400,and 1350 m a.s.l.)on Baiyunshan Mountain,Central China to analyze the effect of varying temperature and precipitation on growth along the *** analyses showed that at all three altitudes and the TRW and EWW chronologies generally had signifi-cant negative correlations with mean and maximum tem-peratures in the current April and May and with minimum temperatures in the prior July and August,but significant positive correlations with precipitation in the current *** were generally significantly negative between LWW chronologies and all temperatures in the prior July and August,indicating that the prior summer temperature had a strong lag effect on the growth of *** that increased with *** correlation with the standard-ized precipitation evapotranspiration index(SPEI)confirmed that wet conditions in the current May promoted growth of TR and EW at all *** altitudinal differences were also found;at 1400 m,there were significant positive correlations between EWW chronologies and SPEI in the current April and significant negative correlations between LWW chronologies and SPEI in the current September,but these correlations were not significant at 1450 *** 1350 m,there were also significant negative correlations between the TRW and the EWW chronologies and SPEI in the prior October and the current July and between LWW chronology and SPEI in the current August,but these cor-relations were not significant at 1400 *** correlation results showed a stable response of EWW in relation to the SPEI in the current May at all three altitudes and of LWW to maximum temperature in the prior July-August at 1400 m from 2002 to *** EWW chronology at 1400 m and the LWW chronology at 1450 m were identified as more suitable for climate reconstruction.T

关键词： Tree rings Climate response Altitudinal gradient Baiyunshan Mountain Pinus tabuliformis Carr

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Post-disaster spatial reconstruction from the perspective of a rural settlement niche in the upper reaches of the Minjiang River

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第5期21卷 1630-1646页

作者： liu Yanguo WANG Li ZOU Qiang LI Jingji LU Yafeng LI Lin XU Binni WANG Lihui Tianfu Institute of Research and Innovation Southwest University of Science and TechnologyChengdu 610299China Mianyang Science and Technology City Division the National Remote Sensing Center of ChinaSouthwest University of Science and TechnologyMianyang 621010China Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment Chinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610299China State Key Laboratory of Geo-hazard Prevention and Geo-environment Protection(Chengdu University of Technology) Chengdu 610059China Tianfu New Area Park City Construction Bureau Chengdu Municipal Bureau of Planning and Nature ResourcesChengdu 610218China

Post-disaster recovery and reconstruction provide an effective way to reduce the disaster vulnerability of, and promote leapfrog development in, an affected area. To date, studies that have used administrative boundaries to investigate the reconstruction of settlement space have not been able to clearly define the real boundaries of land use changes or quantify the degree of response to the ‘Build-Back-Better’ initiative, and have lacked any consideration of the fourth reconstruction stage–development period(10 years). This study constructed a mountain settlement niche and analyzed the characteristics, spatial reconstruction, and drivers of rural settlements during 2009–2019 in the upper reaches of the Minjiang River, southwest China. The results showed the following:(1) Natural factors were the basis for the formation and development of mountain settlement niches. The scale of the settlement niche and its land use structure depended on the physical geography features and the ethnic farming and grazing traditions. The settlement niche provided a realistic boundary for the spatial reconstruction.(2) The layout of residential land around cropland was the common feature of the mountain settlement niche. Of all the land use types, the roads and rural residential lands showed the most change over the 10 years;13,860 residential patches increased in size and 4,742 patches were abandoned.(3) The area of orchards, planted to reconstruct the economy in the mountains, increased by nearly 2.5 times.(4) Collapses, landslides, and debris flow disasters and the ecological red line influenced the spatial reconstruction. While the main focus of post-disaster recovery is spatial reconstruction, initiatives should include economic and spiritual recovery, and should also achieve sustainable development of the region.

关键词： Rural settlements Spatial reconstruction Settlement niche Post-Wenchuan Earthquake Reconstruction Southwest China

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The photo-decomposition and self-restructuring dynamic equilibrium mechanism of Cu_(2)(OH)_(2)CO_(3)for stable photocatalytic CO_(2)reduction

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第5期92卷 104-112页

作者： Yaqing Zhi Haoning Mao Guangxing Yang Qiao Zhang Zhiting liu Yonghai Cao Siyuan Yang Feng Peng School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangzhou UniversityGuangzhou 510006GuangdongChina College of Materials and Energy South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510642GuangdongChina School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering South China University and TechnologyGangzhou 510640GuangdongChina

Developing suitable photocatalysts and understanding their intrinsic catalytic mechanism remain key challenges in the pursuit of highly active,good selective,and long-term stable photocatalytic CO_(2)reduction(PCO_(2)R)***,monoclinic Cu_(2)(OH)_(2)CO_(3)is firstly proven to be a new class of photocatalyst,which has excellent catalytic stability and selectivity for PCO_(2)R in the absence of any sacrificial agent and *** on a Cu_(2)(OH)_(2)^(13)CO_(3)photocatalyst and 13CO_(2)two-sided^(13)C isotopic tracer strategy,and combined with in situ diffused reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy(DRIFTS)analysis and density functional theory(DFT)calculations,two main CO_(2)transformation routes,and the photo-decomposition and self-restructuring dynamic equilibrium mechanism of Cu_(2)(OH)_(2)CO_(3)are definitely *** PCO_(2)R activity of Cu_(2)(OH)_(2)CO_(3)is comparable to some of state-of-the-art novel ***,the PCO_(2)R properties can be further greatly enhanced by simply combining Cu_(2)(OH)_(2)CO_(3)with typical TiO_(2)to construct composites *** highest CO_(2)and CH_(4)production rates by 7.5 wt%Cu_(2)(OH)_(2)CO_(3)-TiO_(2)reach 16.4μmol g^(-1)h^(-1)and 116.0μmol g^(-1)h^(-1),respectively,which are even higher than that of some of PCO_(2)R systems containing sacrificial agents or precious metals modified *** work provides a better understanding for the PCO_(2)R mechanism at the atomic levels,and also indicates that basic carbonate photocatalysts have broad application potential in the future.

关键词： CO_(2)photocatalytic reduction Photocatalysis Basic copper carbonate Self-reconstruction Photocatalyst

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