Large language models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT, Claude, Llama, and Qwen are emerging as transformative technologies for the diagnosis and treatment of various diseases. With their exceptional long-context reasoning capa...
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Large language models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT, Claude, Llama, and Qwen are emerging as transformative technologies for the diagnosis and treatment of various diseases. With their exceptional long-context reasoning capabilities, LLMs are proficient in clinically relevant tasks, particularly in medical text analysis and interactive dialogue. They can enhance diagnostic accuracy by processing vast amounts of patient data and medical literature and have demonstrated their utility in diagnosing common diseases and facilitating the identification of rare diseases by recognizing subtle patterns in symptoms and test results. Building on their image-recognition abilities, multimodal LLMs (MLLMs) show promising potential for diagnosis based on radiography, chest computed tomography (CT), electrocardiography (ECG), and common pathological images. These models can also assist in treatment planning by suggesting evidence-based interventions and improving clinical decision support systems through integrated analysis of patient records. Despite these promising developments, significant challenges persist regarding the use of LLMs in medicine, including concerns regarding algorithmic bias, the potential for hallucinations, and the need for rigorous clinical validation. Ethical considerations also underscore the importance of maintaining the function of supervision in clinical practice. This paper highlights the rapid advancements in research on the diagnostic and therapeutic applications of LLMs across different medical disciplines and emphasizes the importance of policymaking, ethical supervision, and multidisciplinary collaboration in promoting more effective and safer clinical applications of LLMs. Future directions include the integration of proprietary clinical knowledge, the investigation of open-source and customized models, and the evaluation of real-time effects in clinical diagnosis and treatment practices.
Integration and synergy of the unique functions of different components have been developed into one of the most convenient and effective ways to construct the composite advanced materials with collective properties a...
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Integration and synergy of the unique functions of different components have been developed into one of the most convenient and effective ways to construct the composite advanced materials with collective properties and improved *** this work,the mace-like tetrathiafulvalene-tetracyanoquinodimethane(TTF-TCNQ)/HKUST-1 composite structures with single single-crystalline TTF-TCNQ submicrorods covered by ordered HKUST-1 nanosheet arrays were successfully constructed by an efficient TTF-TCNQ seed-mediated growth ***,thanks to the synergetic and complementary effects between TTF-TCNQ and HKUST-1,the sensors based on such mace-like TTF-TCNQ/HKUST-1 composite structures not only displayed an experimental detection limit of 10 part per billion(ppb)for NO_(2) detection,but also exhibited outstanding selectivity even if the concentration of the interfering gases was 10 times that of NO_(2).Meanwhile,good reproducibility and rapid response were also *** work opens the avenue for creation of novel high-performance sensing materials for application in gas sensing.
Two simple methods have been demonstrated to obtain large area,single crystalline lamellae of copper-7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane(CuTCNQ).The formation of the lamellae was a result of fine tuning of the processes ...
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Two simple methods have been demonstrated to obtain large area,single crystalline lamellae of copper-7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane(CuTCNQ).The formation of the lamellae was a result of fine tuning of the processes during the synthesis processes of CuTCNQ phase *** facile synthesis of large area single crystalline lamellae suggests bright prospects for the study and understanding of the electrical switching of CuTCNQ by using single crystals of its phase II,and future applications of the material in memory and switching devices.
Multifunctional core-shell nanostructures formed by integration of distinct components have received wide attention as promising biological platforms in recent years. In this work, crystalline zeolitic imidazolate fra...
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Multifunctional core-shell nanostructures formed by integration of distinct components have received wide attention as promising biological platforms in recent years. In this work, crystalline zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 （ZIF-8）, a typical metal-organic framework （MOF）, is coated onto single gold nanorod （AuNR） core for successful realization of synergistic photothermal and chemotherapy triggered by near-infrared （NIR） light. Impressivel）~ high doxorubicin hydrochloride （DOX） loading capacity followed by pH and NIR light dual stimuli-responsive DOX release can be easily implemented through formation and breakage of coordination bonds in the system. Moreover, under NIR laser irradiation at 808 nm, these novel AuNR@MOF core-shell nanostructures exhibit effective synergistic chemo-photothermal therapy both in vitro and in vivo, confirmed by cell treatment and tumor ablation via intravenous injection.
Water resource is one of the major constraints to agricultural production in central and western Inner Mongolia, where are characteristic by arid and semi-arid climate. Reference crop evapotranspiration （ETo） is an ...
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Water resource is one of the major constraints to agricultural production in central and western Inner Mongolia, where are characteristic by arid and semi-arid climate. Reference crop evapotranspiration （ETo） is an important part of water cycle in agricultural ecosystem, which has a direct effect on crop growth and yield. The implications of climate change on ETo are of high importance for agriculture regarding water management and irrigation scheduling. The aim of this study was to analyze the variations in climate and its effect on ETo in central and western Inner Mongolia over the period 1961 to 2009 For this purpose, data in ten meteorological stations across study area were collected and the FAO Penman-Monteith 56 method was used. Results showed that the average temperature, maximum temperature and minimum temperature increased by 0.49~C, 0.31~C and 0.70~C per decade during 1961-2009, respectively. In comparison, the daily temperature range decreased by 0.38~C per decade. The air relative humidity, sunshine hour, and 10-m wind speed decreased generally by 0.58%, 40.11 h, and 0.35 rrds per decade, respectively. Annual mean ETo decreased significantly at a rate of 12.2 mm per decade over the periods, this was mainly due to the decrease in wind speed in the study area. The decrease in wind speed may balance the effect of the increase in air temperature on ETo. Variations in spatial distribution of ETo and its main controlling factor were also detected among ten stations. Our results suggested that spatial and temporal distribution of ETo should be considered regarding the optimization of water resource management for agriculture in central and western Inner Mongolia under foreseen climate change.
Tetrandrine(TET),a natural bisbenzyl isoquinoline alkaloid extracted from Stephania tetrandra ***,has diverse pharmacological ***,its effects on melanoma remain *** prolif-eration assays,multi-omics analyses,and xenog...
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Tetrandrine(TET),a natural bisbenzyl isoquinoline alkaloid extracted from Stephania tetrandra ***,has diverse pharmacological ***,its effects on melanoma remain *** prolif-eration assays,multi-omics analyses,and xenograft models were used to determine the effect of TET on *** direct target of TET was identified using biotin-TET pull-down liquid chromatograph-mass spectrometry(LC-MS),cellular thermal shift assays,and isothermal titration calorimetry(ITC)*** findings revealed that TET treatment induced robust cellular autophagy depending on activating transcription factor 6(ATF6)-mediated endoplasmic reticulum(ER)***,it hindered autophagic flux by inducing cytoskeletal protein depolymerization in melanoma *** treatment resulted in excessive accumulation of reactive oxygen species(Ros)and simultaneously triggered *** 5(SIRT5)was ultimately found to be a direct target of ***,TET led to the degradation of SIRT5 via the ubiquitin(Ub)-26S proteasome ***5 knockdown induced ROS accumulation,whereas SIRT5 overexpression attenuated the TET-induced ROS accumula-tion and ***,TET exhibited anti-cancer effects in xenograft models depending on SIRT5 *** study highlights the potential of TET as an antimelanoma agent that targets *** findings provide a promising avenue for the use of TET in melanoma treatment and underscore its potential as a therapeutic candidate.
[Objectives]This study was conducted to establish a method for determining residual coumoxystrobin in vegetables using QeEChERS-liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(QeEChERS-LC-MS/MS).[Methods]The sample was...
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[Objectives]This study was conducted to establish a method for determining residual coumoxystrobin in vegetables using QeEChERS-liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(QeEChERS-LC-MS/MS).[Methods]The sample was extracted by acetonitrile,and the extract was purified by QeEChERS,concentrated by nitrogen blowing,and then detected.[Results]Coumoxystrobin had a good linear relation in the range of 0.01-10.0 mg/kg,and the linear equation was y=4686.92×x+5683.28,R^(2)=*** limit of detection was 0.001 mg/kg,and the limit of quantitation was 0.003 mg/kg.[Conclusions]The method has the advantages of convenient and fast operation and stable detection process,and can provide technical support for the supervision and monitoring of coumoxystrobin.
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