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Nonlinear interactions between gravity waves and background winds

Progress in Natural science:Materials International 2007年第6期17卷 639-644页

作者： liu xiao1.2.and xu jiyao1.1. state key laboratory for space weather, {1. for {2. science and Applied research, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 1.0080, china 2. Graduate University of chinese academy of sciences, beijing 1.0039, china) [a]state {1. {2. for space weather Center for Space Science and Applied Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China [b]Graduate University of chinese academy of sciences Beijing China

Using the nonlinear propagating gravity waves (GW) model in the two-dimensional compressible atmosphere and the linear GW theory, the process of GW propagation in different background winds, e.g. the direction of the background wind is opposite to (dead wind) or the same as (tail wind) the direction of the horizontal phase velocity of GW, is studied. The results show that the dead wind prolongs the vertical wavelength and accelerates GW propagation. Therefore, GW propagates up to a higher height becomes instable in a short time and eventually induces an inverse jet flow. Then, the vertical wavelength is becoming short due to the nonlinear interactions between GW and the inverse jet flow. The vertical wavelength and group velocity decrease after GW propagates into the tail wind. The initial instable time is delayed. Although most of GW is trapped in the instable region, some of GW propagates above the instable region. Compared with GW propagation in the tail wind, the nonlinear interactions between GW and the dead wind are also strong. In contrast, the linear GW theory predicts that GW can propagate freely in the dead wind. The vertical wavelength simulated by the nonlinear numerical model is different from that predicted by the linear theory greatly after GW propagates into the dead wind.

关键词： gravity waves background winds vertical group velocity vertical wavelength nonlinear interactions.

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Influence of topography on the fine structures of stratospheric gravity waves:An analysis using COSMIC-2.temperature data

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第3期8卷 497-513页

作者： JiaRui Wei xiao {1. {2. xu QinZeng Li Hong Gao state {1. {2. of space weather National Space Science CenterChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China University of chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100049China Institute of Electromagnetic Wave School of PhysicsHenan Normal UniversityXinxiang Henan 453000China

We derive the potential energy of gravity waves(GWs)in the upper troposphere and stratosphere at 45°S-45°N from December 2.1. to November 2.2. by using temperature profiles retrieved from the Constellation Observing System for Meteorology,Ionosphere,and Climate-2.COSMIC-2.*** to the dense sampling of COSMIC-2.in addition to the strong peaks of gravity wave potential energy(GWPE)above the Andes and Tibetan Plateau,we found weak peaks above the Rocky,Atlas,Caucasus,and Tianshan *** land-sea contrast is responsible for the longitudinal variations of the GWPE in the lower and upper *** 40°N/S,the peaks were mainly above the topographic regions during the *** 2.°N/S,the peaks were a slight distance away from the topographic regions and might be the combined effect of nontopographic GWs and mountain *** the Equator,the peaks were mainly above the regions with the lowest sea level altitude and may have resulted from *** results indicate that even above the local regions with lower sea level altitudes compared with the Andes and Tibetan Plateau,the GWPE also exhibits fine structures in geographic *** found that dissipation layers above the tropopause jet provide the body force to generate secondary waves in the upper stratosphere,especially during the winter months of each hemisphere and at latitudes of greater than 2.°N/S.

关键词： topography fine structures stratospheric gravity waves Constellation Observing System for Meteorology Ionosphere and Climate-2.COSMIC-2. dissipation layers

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Simulation of gravity wave instability and the formation of large winds and shears in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere

Simulation of gravity wave instability and the formation of ...

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第十四届全国日地空间物理学术研讨会

作者： xiao {1.1, 2.{2. xu1 Han -Li liu3 Wei Yuan1 (1 state key laboratory of space weather, center for space {12. and Applied research, chinese academy of sciences, beijing, china, 100190) (2.College of Mathematics and Information {12., Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, china) (3 High Altitude Observatory, National center for Atmospheric research, Boulder, Colorado, USA)

Large winds and wind shears in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere （MLT） region have been observed for decades and by various techniques （1.. It is necessary to investigate the causes of the large winds and wind shears （2.. A high resolution parallel numerical model is developed to simulate the propagation of gravity waves （GWs） in a compressible atmosphere. The winds and wind shears are determined by the wave perturbation, the mean flow change induced by wave breaking and/or dissipation, as well as the vertical scale of the waves. In particular, the accelerated mean winds in the direction of the GWs horizontal phase velocity decrease the GWs vertical wavelength, and increase the large wind shears. As a result, the positive feedback between GWs momentum deposition, mean wind acceleration, and the decreasing vertical wavelength induces the large wind shears in the MLT region. The comparative studies show that background temperature and the height of mesopause can affect the time and height of GWs breaking, the accelerated mean winds and total wind shears. In addition, decreasing diffusion in the numerical simulations generally increases the magnitude of mean winds and total wind shears. When GWs with different wavelengths propagate in the tidal background with different initial tidal phases, their interactions result in a strong correlation between the initial tidal phase and the large wind shears and may be responsible for the local time dependence of the occurrence of the large wind shears observed by Yue et al.（3）. Moreover, the tidal modulation effect decreases （but does not disappear） with the increasing vertical wavelength of GWs. In addition, large wind shears occur at two heights separated approximately by the vertical wavelength of the tide and just below the maximum of positive tidal wind shear for GWs with vertical wavelengths longer than 1. km.

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Global static stability and its relation to gravity waves in the middle atmosphere

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2020年第5期4卷 504-512页

作者： xiao {1. {2. xu Jia Yue Henan Engineering laboratory for Big Data Statistical Analysis and Optimal Control School of Mathematics and Information SciencesHenan Normal UniversityXinxiang Henan 453007China state {1. {2. of space weather Center for Space Science and Applied ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Astronomyand space {1. University of the Chinese Academy of ScienceBeijing 100049China Catholic University of America WashingtonDC 20064USA National Aeronautics and space Administration(NASA)Goddard space Flight {2. GreenbeltMD 20771USA

The global atmospheric static stability(N2.in the middle atmosphere and its relation to gravity waves(GWs)were investigated by using the temperature profiles measured by the Sounding of the Atmosphere using Broadband Emission Radiometry(SABER)instrument from 2.02.to *** low latitudes,a layer with enhanced N2.occurs at an altitude of^2. km and exhibits annual oscillations caused by tropopause inversion *** an altitude of^70 km,enhanced N2.exhibits semiannual oscillations at low latitudes caused by the mesosphere inversion layers and annual oscillations at high latitudes resulting from the downward shift of the summer *** correlation coefficients between N2.and GW amplitudes can be larger than 0.8 at latitudes poleward of^40°N/*** observation provides factual evidence that a large N2.supports large-amplitude GWs and indicates that N2.plays a dominant role in maintaining GWs at least at high latitudes of the middle *** evidence also partially explains the previous results regarding the phase changes of annual oscillations of GWs at high latitudes.

关键词： atmospheric static stability gravity waves annual oscillation semiannual oscillation mesopause

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Nonlinear interactions between gravity waves and tides

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science{1. Earth {2. 2007年第8期50卷 1273-1279页

作者： liu {1. {2. jiyao MA RuiPing state {1. {2. of space weather Center for Space Science and Applied researchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100080China Graduate University of chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100049China

In this study, we present the nonlinear interactions between gravity waves (GWs) and tides by using the 2. numerical model for the nonlinear propagation of GWs in the compressible atmosphere. During the propagation in the tidal background, GWs become instable in three regions, that is z = 75―85 km, z = 90―1.0 km and z = 1.5―1.0 km. The vertical wavelength firstly varies gradually from the initial 1. km to 2. km. Then the newly generated longer waves are gradually compressed. The longer and shorter waves occur in the regions where GWs propagate in the reverse and the same direction of the hori-zontal mean wind respectively. In addition, GWs can propagate above the main breaking region (90—1.0 km). During GWs propagation, not only the mean wind is accelerated, but also the amplitude of tide is amplified. Especially, after GWs become instable, this amplified effect to the tidal amplitude is much obvious.

关键词： gravity waves tides mean wind nonlinear interactions gravity waves parameterization

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Influences of non-isothermal atmospheric backgrounds on variations of gravity wave parameters

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science{1.(Technological {2.) 2012年第5期55卷 1251-1257页

作者： liu {1. ZHOU QiHou YUAN Wei {2. jiyao state {1. {2. of space weather Center for Space Science and Applied ResearchChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190China College of Mathematics and Information science Henan Normal UniversityXinxiang 453007China School of Electrical Engineering Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Miami UniversityOxfordOhioUSA

Because of the importance of gravity waves （GWs） in coupling different atmospheric regions, further studies are necessary to investigate the characteristics of GW propagation in a non-isothermal atmosphere. Using a nonlinear numerical model, we simulate the propagation of small amplitude GWs with various wavelengths in different non-isothermal atmospheres. Our re- sults show that the GW vertical wavelength undergoes sharp changes above the stratopause and mesopause region. Specifically for a GW with an initial vertical wavelength of 5 km, the seasonal background temperature structure difference at 50° latitude can cause the vertical wavelength to vary by -2.krn in the mesosphere and by as large as -4.5 km in the lower thermosphere. In addition, the GW paths exhibit great divergence in the height range of -65-1.0 kin. Our results also show that the variations of GW path, vertical wavelength and horizontal phase velocity are not synchronized in a non-isothermal atmosphere as in an isothermal atmosphere. Despite the fact that all GWs change their characteristics as they propagate upward in a non-isothermal atmosphere, the variations relative to the initial parameters at a reference height are similar for different initial vertical wavelengths. Our results indicate that the changing characteristics of a gravity wave in a non-isothermal atmosphere need to be considered when investigating the relationship of GWs at two different heights.

关键词： gravity wave non-isothermal atmosphere atmospheric coupling

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First experiment of spectrometric observation of hydroxyl emission and rotational temperature in the mesopause in china

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science{1.(Technological {2.) 2012年第5期55卷 1312-1318页

作者： ZHU YaJun xu {1. YUAN Wei {2. xiao state {1. {2. of space weather Center for Space Science and Applied ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Graduate University of chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100049China

A SpectroMeter of Atmospheric RadiaTion （SMART） was developed and installed at the Xinglong station of the National Astronomical Observatories in Hebei province, china, which was supported by the Meridian Project [1.. The experimental tests of spectrometric observation of the hydroxyl emission and rotational temperature in china were conducted for the first time on the night of February 2., 2.1. and the night of April 2., 2.1., respectively. OH 6-2.band and OH 8-3 band spectra were measured and the rotational temperature was retrieved. Hourly average temperatures （1.6.82.6.40） K of OH 8-3 band and （1.8.07±6.73） K of OH 6-2.band were derived from the spectra observed on the night of February 2.,2.1.. Intensities and ro- tational temperature against local time were determined by the spectra measured in the whole night of April 2., 2.1.. The rotational temperature was consistent with the spatial average temperature of NRLMSISE00 empirical model at height 83-91.km and the average temperature of TIMED/SABER from April to May of seven years at height 83-91.kin, with some discrepancies. The results showed that the new instrument and the retrieval method of the rotational temperature can give reasonable results of the airglow emission of OH and the temperature of mesopause.

关键词： SMART spectrometer OH airglow rotational temperature mesopause

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Joint observation of the concentric gravity wave event on the Tibetan Plateau

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2022年第3期6卷 219-227页

作者： Chang Lai PengWei Li jiyao {1. Wei Yuan Jia Yue {2. liu Kogure Masaru LiLi Qian School of science Chongqing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsChongqing 400065China state {1. {2. of space weather Center for Space Science and Applied ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 110000China Department of Physics Catholic University of AmericaWashingtonDC 20064USA College of Mathematics and Information science Henan Normal UniversityXinxiang 410700China Department of Earth and Planetary science Kyushu UniversityFukuoka 8190395Japan

A concentric gravity wave event was captured by a photographer in NagarzêCounty(90.2.°N,2..33°E)between 02.00 and 04:00(local time)on May 1.,*** concentric gravity wave event was also observed by the Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership satellite and the all-sky airglow imager at Yangbajing station(90.5°E,30.1.N).The temporal and spatial information on gravity waves from the photographs provided a rare opportunity to study the propagation of gravity waves over the Tibetan *** to wind and temperature data from the MERRA-2.reanalysis(Modern-Era Retrospective analysis for {2. and Applications,Version 2.and empirical models(NRLMSISE-00[Naval {2. laboratory Mass Spectrometer and Incoherent Scatter Radar Exosphere]and HWM[horizontal wind model]),we inversely derived the propagation trajectory from the observed wave pattern to the source region by using the ray-tracing *** source of the concentric gravity wave was identified as deep convection in Bangladesh(90.6°E,2..0°N).The maximum background wind speed in the propagation direction(31.05 m/s)was less than the phase speed of 53 m/s,which is consistent with the wind-filtering theory.

关键词： concentric gravity wave ray-tracing method convection source Tibetan Plateau

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First observation of mesospheric and thermospheric winds by a Fabry-Perot interferometer in china

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chinese {1. Bulletin 2010年第35期55卷 4046-4051页

作者： YUAN Wei xu {1. MA RuiPing WU Qian JIANG GuoYing GAO Hong {2. xiao CHEN SunZheng state {1. {2. of space weather Center for Space Science andApplied Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China Graduate University of chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100049 China High Altitude Observatory National Center for Atmospheric Research Boulder CO 80307 USA

A Fabry-Perot interferometer,funded by the Meridian Project in china,was deployed at the Xinglong station(40.2.N,1.7.4°E) of the National Astronomical Observatories in Hebei Province,*** instrument has been operating since April 2.1.,measuring mesospheric and thermospheric *** first observational data of winds at three heights in the mesosphere and thermosphere were analyzed,demonstrating the capacity of this instrument to aid basic scientific *** wavelengths of three airglow emissions were OH892.0,OI 557.7,and OI 630.0 nm,which corresponded to heights of 87,98,and 2.0 km,*** 38-day data sets of horizontal winds,from April 5,2.1. to May 1.,2.1.,show clear day-to-day variations at the same *** minimum and maximum meridional winds at heights of 87,98,and 2.0 km were-1..5 to 8.7 m/s,-2..4 to 1..9 m/s,and-43.6 to 1.5 m/*** of zonal winds were-5.4 to 7.6 m/s,2.3 to 2..0 m/s,and-2..6 to 49.3 m/*** average data from the observations was consistent with the data from *** wind data at heights of 87 and 98 km suggest a semi-diurnal oscillation,clearly consistent with HWM93 *** there was a clear discrepancy between the observations and the model at 2.0 *** general,this Fabry-Perot interferometer is a useful ground-based instrument for measuring mesospheric and thermospheric winds at middle latitudes.

关键词：热层风干涉仪中国气层观测数据国家天文台中纬度地区项目资助

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Observation of e^(+)e^(-)→pppñπ-+c.c.

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chinese Physics C 2023年第4期47卷 16-25页

作者：麦迪娜 M.N.Achasov P.Adlarson M.Albrecht R.Aliberti A.Amoroso 安美儒安琪白旭红白羽 O.Bakina R.Baldini Ferroli I.Balossino 班勇 V.Batozskaya D.Becker K.Begzsuren N.Berger M.Bertani D.Bettoni F.Bianchi J.Bloms A.Bortone I.Boyko R.A.Briere A.Brueggemann 蔡浩蔡啸 A.Calcaterra 曹国富曹宁 S.A.Cetin 常劲帆常万玲 G.Chelkov 陈琛陈超陈刚陈和生陈玛丽陈申见陈少敏 T.Chen 陈旭荣 X.T.Chen 陈元柏陈卓俊成伟帅初晓 G.Cibinetto F.Cossio 崔佳佳代洪亮代建平 A.Dbeyssi R.E.de Boer D.Dedovich 邓子艳 A.Denig I.Denysenko M.Destefanis F.De Mori 丁勇董静董燎原董明义董翔杜书先 P.Egorov 范玉兰方建房双世方文兴方易 R.Farinelli L.Fava F.Feldbauer G.Felici 封常青冯俊华 K Fischer M.Fritsch C.Fritzsch 傅成栋高涵高原宁高扬 S.Garbolino I.Garzia 葛潘婷葛振武耿聪 E.M.Gersabeck A Gilman K.Goetzen 龚丽龚文煊 W.Gradl M.Greco 谷立民顾旻皓顾运厅关春懿郭爱强郭立波郭如盼郭玉萍 A.Guskov 韩婷婷韩文颖郝喜庆 F.A.Harris 何凯凯何康林 F.H.Heinsius C.H.Heinz 衡月昆 C.Herold M.Himmelreich 侯国一侯颖锐侯治龙胡海明 J.F.Hu 胡涛胡誉黄光顺黄凯旋黄麟钦黄麟钦黄性涛黄燕萍黄震 T.Hussain N Hüsken W.Imoehl M.Irshad J.Jackson S.Jaeger S.Janchiv 纪全姬清平季晓斌季筱璐吉钰瑶贾泽坤姜侯兵姜赛赛江晓山 Y.Jiang 焦健斌焦铮金山金毅荆茂强 T.Johansson N.Kalantar-Nayestanaki 康晓珅 R.Kappert 柯百谦 I.K.Keshk A.Khoukaz P.Kiese R.Kiuchi R.Kliemt L.Koch O.B.Kolcu B.Kopf M.Kuemmel M.Kuessner A.Kupsc W.Kühn J.J.Lane J.S.Lange P.Larin A.Lavania L.Lavezzi 雷祚弘 H.Leithoff M.Lellmann T.Lenz 李翠李聪李春花李澄李德民李飞李刚李慧李贺李海波李惠静 H.N.Li J.Q.Li 李静舒李井文李科 L.J.Li 李龙科李蕾李明浩李培荣李素娴栗帅迎李腾李卫东李卫国李旭红李晓玲李晓宇梁昊梁浩梁浩梁勇飞梁羽铁廖广睿廖龙洲 J.Libby A.Limphirat 林创新林德旭 T.Lin 刘北江刘春秀 D.liu 刘福虎刘芳刘峰 G.M.liu H.liu, 刘宏邦刘怀民刘欢欢刘汇慧刘建北刘佳俊刘晶译刘凯刘魁勇刘珂刘亮刘露刘美宏刘佩莲刘倩刘树彬刘桐刘维克刘卫民刘翔刘英刘玉斌刘振安刘智青娄辛丑卢飞翔吕海江吕军光陆小玲卢宇卢云鹏 Z.H.Lu 罗成林罗民兴罗涛罗小兰吕晓睿吕翌丰马凤才马海龙马连良马明明马秋梅马润秋马瑞廷马骁妍马尧 F.E.Maas M.Maggiora S.Maldaner S.Malde Q.A.Malik A.Mangoni 冒亚军毛泽普 S.Marcello 孟召霞 J.G.Messchendorp G.Mezzadri H.Miao 闵天觉 R.E.Mitchell 莫晓虎 N.Yu.Muchnoi Y.Nefedov F.Nerling I.B.Nikolaev 宁哲 S.Nisar 牛艳 S.L.Olsen 欧阳群 S.Pacetti 潘祥潘越 A.Pathak M.Pelizaeus 彭海平 K.Peters 平加伦平荣刚 S.Plura S.Pogodin V.Prasad 齐法制齐航漆红荣祁鸣齐天钰钱森钱文斌钱圳乔从丰秦佳佳秦丽清覃潇平秦小帅秦中华邱进发屈三强 K.H.Rashid C.F.Redmer 任旷洁 A.Rivetti V.Rodin M.Rolo 荣刚 Ch.Ros Institute of High Energy Physics Beijing 100049China Beihang University Beijing 100191China beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology Beijing 102617China Bochum Ruhr-University D-44780 BochumGermany Carnegie Mellon University PittsburghPennsylvania 15213USA Central china Normal University Wuhan 430079China Central South University Changsha 410083China china {1. of Advanced {2. and Technology Beijing 100190China COMSATS University Islamabad Lahore CampusDefence RoadOff Raiwind Road54000 LahorePakistan Fudan University Shanghai 200433China G.I.Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS(BINP) Novosibirsk 630090Russia GSI Helmholtzcentre for Heavy Ion research GmbH D-64291 DarmstadtGermany Guangxi Normal University Guilin 541004China Guangxi University Nanning 530004China Hangzhou Normal University Hangzhou 310036China Hebei University Baoding 071002China Helmholtz Institute Mainz Staudinger Weg 18D-55099 MainzGermany Henan Normal University Xinxiang 453007China Henan University of science and Technology Luoyang 471003China Henan University of Technology Zhengzhou 450001China Huangshan College Huangshan 245000China Hunan Normal University Changsha 410081China Hunan University Changsha 410082China Indian Institute of Technology Madras Chennai 600036India Indiana University BloomingtonIndiana 47405USA INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati I-00044FrascatiItaly INFN Sezione di Perugia I-06100PerugiaItaly University of Perugia I-06100PerugiaItaly INFN Sezione di Ferrara I-44122FerraraItaly University of Ferrara I-44122FerraraItaly Institute of Modern Physics Lanzhou 730000China B Ulaanbaatar 13330Mongolia Jilin University Changchun 130012China Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz Johann-Joachim-Becher-Weg 45D-55099 MainzGermany Joint Institute for Nuclear research 141980 DubnaMoscow regionRussia Justus-Liebig-Universitaet Giessen II.Physikalisches InstitutHeinrich-Buff-Ring 16D-35392 GiessenGermany Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000China Liaoning Normal Unive

Using data taken at 2. center-of-mass energies between 4.1. and 4.70 GeV with the BESⅢdetector at the {1. Electron Positron Collider corresponding to a total integrated luminosity of approximately 1..8 fb^(-1.,the process e^(+)e^(-)→pppñπ+*** observed for the first time with a statistical significance of 1..5σ.The average Born cross sections in the energy ranges of(4.1.0,4.380)GeV,(4.400,4.600)GeV and(4.61.,4.700)GeV are measured to be(2.1}5±5.7±1.2)fb,(46.3±1..6±2.5)fb and(59.0±9.4±3.2.fb,respectively,where the first uncertainties are statistical and the second are *** line shapes of the pñ and ppπ^(-)invariant mass spectra are consistent with phase space distributions,indicating that no hexaquark or di-baryon {12. is observed.

关键词： Multi-baryon channel hexaquark di-baryon states cross section measurement

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