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Experimental Study of the Melting Reaction and Genetic Mechanism of Mineral Phase Transformation in Granulite Facies Metamorphism

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 1997年第4期71卷 407-422,511页

作者： liu fulai, Shen Qihan, Geng Yuansheng Institute of geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100037Xu Xuechun and Ma Rui Open Laboratory, changchun college of geology, changchun, jilin 130026

The high-temperature and high-pressure experiment on natural block rock indicates that dehydration-melting of hydrous biotite (Bi) and partial melting of felsic minerals in garnet-biotite-plagioclase gneiss are mainly controlled by temperature, while mineral phase transformation is not only controlled by temperature-pressure conditions but also genetically associated with hydrous mineral dehydration-melting and partial melting of felsic minerals. According to the characteristics of biotite dehydration-melting and garnet transformation reaction, three stages may be distinguished: (1) when the experimental temperature is 700℃, biotite transforms to ilmenite (Ilm) + magnetite (Mt) + H2O and garnet to magnetite (Mt); (2) when the temperature is 730-760℃, biotite is dehydrated and melted and transformed into K2O-rich melt + Ilm + Mt, and garnet, into hypersthene (Hy) + cordierite (Crd); (3) when the temperature is up to or higher than 790℃, biotite is dehydrated and melted and transformed into melt + Hy + Ilm + Mt, and garnet, into the hypersthene (Hy) + spinel (Sp) + cordierite (Crd) assemblage. The melt proportion and its evolutionary characteristics are mainly controlled by dehydration-melting of hydrous minerals and partial melting of felsic minerals besides P-T conditiops: In addition to the traditional solid 4- solid (or fluid) reaction and dehydration-melting reaction, the metamorphic reaction involving melts (reaction between unmelted minerals and melts) is one of the most important reactions in granulite facies metamorphism and its attendant remelting (or regional migmatization). This experiment may provide dependable experimental data for an in-depth study of the genetic mechanism of mineral assemblage evolution and its geological dynamic significance in granulite facies metamorphism of the studied area.

关键词： mineral phase transformation melting reaction genetic mechanism granulite facies garnet-biotite-plagioclase gneiss experiment

Pharmacokinetics and Biodegradation Performance of a Hydroxypropyl Chitosan Derivative

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2015年第5期14卷 888-896页

作者： SHAO Kai HAN Baoqin DONG Wen SONG fulai liu Weizhi liu Wanshun college of Marine Life Science Ocean University of China

Hydroxypropyl chitosan(HP-chitosan) has been shown to have promising applications in a wide range of areas due to its biocompatibility, biodegradability and various biological activities, especially in the biomedical and pharmaceutical fields. However, it is not yet known about its pharmacokinetics and biodegradation performance, which are crucial for its clinical applications. In order to lay a foundation for its further applications and exploitations, here we carried out fluorescence intensity and GPC analyses to determine the pharmacokinetics mode of fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled HP-chitosan(FITC-HP-chitosan) and its biodegradability. The results showed that after intraperitoneal administration at a dose of 10 mg per rat, FITC-HP-chitosan could be absorbed rapidly and distributed to liver, kidney and spleen through blood. It was indicated that FITC-HP-chitosan could be utilized effectively, and 88.47% of the FITC-HP-chitosan could be excreted by urine within 11 days with a molecular weight less than 10 k Da. Moreover, our data indicated that there was an obvious degradation process occurred in liver(< 10 k Da at 24 h). In summary, HP-chitosan has excellent bioavailability and biodegradability, suggesting the potential applications of hydroxypropyl-modified chitosan as materials in drug delivery, tissue engineering and biomedical area.

关键词： hydroxypropyl chitosan fluorescein isothiocyanate pharmacokinetics biodegradation performance biomedicalmaterial

Synthesis and Characterization of a Hydroxyethyl Derivative of Chitosan and Evaluation of Its Biosafety

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2015年第4期14卷 703-709页

作者： SHAO Kai HAN Baoqin GAO Jinning SONG fulai YANG Yan liu Wanshun college of Marine Life Science Ocean University of China

Hydroxyethyl chitosan （HE-chitosan） is a water-soluble derivative of chitosan with many apparent biological properties. For example, it is non-toxic and rapidly biodegradable. Moreover, HE-chitosan has advantages in water-solubility, moisture retention and gelling property due to its hydroxyethyl group. However, the biocompatibility and biodegradability of this multifimctional de- rivative have rarely been documented although they are critical for its application in biomedical and clinical treatments. The purpose of this work was to evaluate the biosafety of HE-chitosan, and draw important clues for its diverse applications. HE-chitosan was synthesized and characterized its chemical structure with FTIR. Its molecular weight （Mw） was determined by gel permeation chro- matography （GPC）, and its deacetylation degree （DD） was investigated through potentiometric analysis. The cytotoxicity of HE-chitosan on mouse fibroblast cell L929 was tested. The biocompatibility and biodegradability of HE-chitosan in rat and rabbit were evaluated. The FTIR results indicated that the hydroxyethyl groups were linked to C6 of chitosan. The GPC analysis confirmed that its Mw was about 90.01 kDa. It was also demonstrated that HE-chitosan had excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability in vivo and had no cytotoxicity on L929. These findings indicated that HE-chitosan can potentially be applied as a biomaterial in tissue engineering, drug delivery, and other biomedical fields.

关键词： hydroxyethyl chitosan biomaterial cytotoxicity biocompatibility biodegradability

Microstructure, biodegradation, antibacterial and mechanical properties of ZK60-Cu alloys prepared by selective laser melting technique

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2018年第10期34卷 1944-1952页

作者： Cijun Shuai Long liu Mingchun Zhao Pei Feng Youwen Yang Wang Guo Chengde Gao fulai Yuan State Key Laboratory of High Performance Complex Manufacturing College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Central South University Changsha410083 China Jiangxi University of Science and Technology Ganzhou 341000 China Key Laboratory of Organ Injury Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province Changsha 410008 China School of Material Science and Engineering Central South University Changsha 410083 China Health Management Center Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha 410008 China

Magnesium （Mg） alloys are receiving increasing attention for body implants owing to their good bio- compatibility and biodegradability. However, they often suffer from bacterial infections on account of their insufficient antibacterial ability. In this study, ZK60-xCu （x = O, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6 and 0.8 wt%） alloys were prepared by selective laser melting （SLM） with alloying copper （Cu） to enhance their antibacterial ability. Results showed that ZK60-Cu alloys exhibited strong antibacterial ability due to combination of release of Cu ions and alkaline environment which could kill bacteria by destroying cellular membrane structure, denaturing enzymes and inhibiting deoxyribonucleic acid （DNA） replication. In addition, their compres- sive strength increased due to grain refinement and uniformly dispersing of short-bar shaped MgZnCu phases. Moreover, ZK60-Cu alloys also exhibited good cytocompatibility. In summary, ZK60-Cu alloys with antibacterial ability may be Dromising implants for biomedical anDlications.

关键词： Magnesium alloys Copper Antibacterial ability Cytocompatibility Mechanical properties

The evolution of microstructure and texture of AZ80 Mg alloy cup-shaped pieces processed by rotating backward extrusion

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2021年第5期9卷 1694-1708页

作者： Xin Che Qiang Wang Beibei Dong Mu Meng Zhi Gao Kai liu Jin Ma fulai Yang Zhiming Zhang college of Materials Science and Engineering North University of China3 Xueyuan RoadTaiyuan 030051PR China

This study proposed an effective plastic deformation technique,rotating backward extrusion(RBE),for producing high performance AZ80 magnesium alloy cup-shaped *** RBE process was carried on the Gleeble-3500 test machine at 653 K,and the conventional backward extrusion(CBE)was also conducted for comparison.A detailed microstructure analysis was performed using the optical microscopy(OM)and electron back-scatter diffraction(EBSD).The results shown that the equivalent strain and deformation uniformity of the cup pieces could be substantially increased by the RBE process compared with the CBE ***,the RBE process could significantly improve the grain refining capacity and the proportion of dynamic recrystallization(DRX),of which the maximum reduction of grain size was 88.60%,and the maximum increase of DRX proportion was 55.30%in the cup *** main deformation mechanism of the RBE process was the discontinuous DRX(DDRX),while the continuous DRX(CDRX)was also occurred in the cup *** with the CBE sample,the texture of the cup bottom was weakened for the RBE *** microhardness value of the RBE sample was higher than that of the CBE sample,which can be attributed to the grain refinement strengthening.

关键词： Rotating backward extrusion AZ80 magnesium alloy Dynamic recrystallizaton Texture

A Machine-Learning Approach for the Prediction of Fly-Ash Concrete Strength

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Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing 2023年第12期19卷 3007-3019页

作者： Shanqing Shao Aimin Gong Ran Wang Xiaoshuang Chen Jing Xu fulai Wang Feipeng liu college of Water Conservancy Yunnan Agricultural UniversityKunming650201China Institute of International Rivers and Eco-Security Yunnan UniversityKunming650500China Southwest Survey and Planning Institute of National Forestry and Grassland Administration Kunming650031China

The composite exciter and the CaO to Na_(2)SO_(4) dosing ratios are known to have a strong impact on the mechanical strength offly-ash *** the present study a hybrid approach relying on experiments and a machine-learn-ing technique has been used to tackle this *** tests have shown that the optimal admixture of CaO and Na_(2)SO_(4) alone is 8%.The best 3D mechanical strength offly-ash concrete is achieved at 8%of the compound activator;If the 28-day mechanical strength is considered,then,the best performances are obtained at 4%of the compound ***,the 3D mechanical strength offly-ash concrete is better when the dosing ratio of CaO to Na_(2)SO_(4) in the compound activator is 1:1;the maximum strength offly-ash concrete at 28-day can be achieved for a 1:1 ratio of CaO to Na_(2)SO_(4) by considering a 4%compound *** this case,the compressive andflexural strengths are 260 MPa and 53.6 MPa,respectively;the mechanical strength offly-ash concrete at 28-day can be improved by a 4:1 ratio of CaO to Na_(2)SO_(4) by considering 8%and 12%compound *** is shown that the predictions based on the aforementioned machine-learning approach are accurate and reliable.

关键词： Fly ash compound activator machine-learning approach

Microscopic Analysis of Cementitious Sand and Gravel Damming Materia

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Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing 2024年第4期20卷 749-769页

作者： Ran Wang Aimin Gong Shanqing Shao Baoli Qu Jing Xu fulai Wang Feipeng liu college of Water Conservancy Yunnan Agricultural UniversityKunming650201China Tianqi Engineering Consulting Co. Ltd.Kunming650000China Institute of International Rivers and Ecological Security Yunnan UniversityKunming650500China

The mechanical properties of cementitious sand and gravel damming material have been experimentally determined by means of microscopic SEM(Scanning Electron Microscopy)image *** results show that the combination of fly ash and water can fill the voids in cemented sand and gravel test blocks because of the presence of hydrated calcium silicate and other substances;thereby,the compactness and mechanical properties of these materials can be greatly *** every 10 kg/m^(3) increase in the amount of cementitious material,the density increases by about 2%,and the water content decreases by 0.2%.The amount of cementitious material used in the sand and gravel in these tests was 80-110 kg/m^(3),the water-binder ratio was ***,the splitting tensile strength was 1/10 of the compressive strength,and the maximum strength was 7.42 MPa at 90 *** optimal mix ratio has been found to be 50 kg of cement,60 kg of fly ash and 120 kg of water(C50F60W120).The related dry density was 2.6 g/cm^(3),the water content was 6%,and the water-binder ratio was 1.09.

关键词： Cementitious sand gravel material scanning electron microscopy optimal mix ratio maximum strength

The Study of The Tight Sandstone Reservoir’s Characteristics and The Fluid Inclusions in Fuyu Oil Layer,Daqing Placanticline

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2015年第A1期89卷 79-80页

作者： SONG Tushun liu Li LI fulai liu Na ZHOU Bing North China University of Science and Technology Tangshan Hebei 063009 China college of Earth Sciences Jilin University Changchun Jilin 130061 China School of Geosciences China University of Petroleum Qingdao Shandong 266555 China

1 Introduction The exploration and development of unconventional oil and gas is gradually becoming the new hot topic, which is promoted by the increasing demand of oil and gas, as well as the decline in conventional o...

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Toward high-sulfur-content,high-performance lithium-sulfur batteries:Review of materials and technologies

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2023年第5期80卷 625-657,I0014页

作者： fulai Zhao Jinhong Xue Wei Shao Hui Yu Wei Huang Jian Xiao School of Materials Science and Engineering Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China Basic Department Jinci College of Shanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuan 030025ShanxiChina School of Engineering Westlake UniversityHangzhou 310024ZhejiangChina School of Physics and Electronic Information Shangrao Normal UniversityShangrao 334001JiangxiChina

Lithium sulfur batteries(LSBs)are recognized as promising devices for developing next-generation energy storage *** addition,they are attractive rechargeable battery systems for replacing lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)for commercial use owing to their higher theoretical energy density and lower cost compared to those of ***,LSBs are still beset with some persistent issues that prevent them from being used industrially,such as the unavoidable dissolution of lithium polysulfide intermediates during electrochemical reactions and large volume expansion(up to 80%)upon the formation of Li_(2)S,resulting in serious battery life and safety *** the process of solving these problems,it is necessary to maintain a high sulfur content in the cathode materials to ensure that the LSBs have high energy densities and excellent cycle *** this review,the novel preparation methods and cathode materials used for preparing LSBs in recent years are reviewed considering the sulfur content and cycle *** addition,the problems and difficulties in practically applying cathode materials are described,and the development trend is discussed.

关键词： Lithium sulfur batteries Cathode material High sulfur content Cycle performance