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Extraction of copper ions by supercritical carbon dioxide

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j.urnal of Environmental Sciences 2000年第4期12卷 444-447页

作者： Cui, Z. liu, j. Gao, L. Wei, Y. Dept. of Environmental Engineering Shandong University Jinan 250100 China

Complexation combined with supercritical fluid extraction was used to extract Cu2+ in this study. The effects of pressure, temperature, volume of CO2 on the efficiency of extraction were systematically investigated. At the optimum condition a 57.32% recovery was achieved. Addition of suitable amount of methanol (v/v = 5%) to the supercritical CO2 can increase in the extraction of Cu2+ (72.69%, RSD = 2.12%, n = 3). And the recovery can further increase in the presence of non-ionic surfactant Triton X-100 because of its function of solubilization. Surfactant was first used in the extraction of metal ions in the present study, and the results are satisfied (90.52%, RSD = 2.20%, n = 3).

关键词： Carbon dioxide Chelation Copper Methanol Positive ions Pressure effects Solubility Surface active agents Thermal effects

Tomographic Data Fusion with CFD Simulations Associated with a Planar Sensor

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j.urnal of Thermal Science 2017年第2期26卷 175-182页

作者： liu j. liu S. SUN S. ZHOU W. I.H.I Schlaberg WANG M. YAN Y. North China Electric Power University 2 Beinong RoadChangping DistrictBeijing 102206China

Tomographic techniques have great abilities to interrogate the combustion processes, especially when it is combined with the physical models of the combustion itself. In this study, a data fusion algorithm is developed to investigate the flame distribution of a swirl-induced environmental(EV) burner, a new type of burner for low NOx combustion. An electric capacitance tomography(ECT) system is used to acquire 3D flame images and computational fluid dynamics(CFD) is applied to calculate an initial distribution of the temperature profile for the EV burner. Experiments were also carried out to visualize flames at a series of locations above the burner. While the ECT images essentially agree with the CFD temperature distribution, discrepancies exist at a certain height. When data fusion is applied, the discrepancy is visibly reduced and the ECT images are improved. The methods used in this study can lead to a new route where combustion visualization can be much improved and applied to clean energy conversion and new burner development.

关键词： Process tomography data fusion EV burner flame

THE EFFECT OF POWERFUL OXYGEN EVOLUTION METAL-OXIDE ON THE ELECTROOXIDATION OF METHANOL

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2001年第2期14卷 103-108页

作者： X.C. Chen, Y.X. liu, j. Li, j.j. Chen and H.Z. liu (Department of Metallurgy Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China) Department of Metallurgy Science and Engineering Central South University

An improved thermal decomposition method is used to prepare modified titanium base anodes. Some researches have been carried out to learn about the oxygen evolution properties of RuMn, RuCo and RuEu etc. in H2SO4 solution and their effect on the electrooxidation of methanol if they are added into the catalytic layers of Pt/Ti electrodes. The result indicates that the Pt/Ti electrodes containing RuMn, RuCo, RuCe and RuEu, etc. metal oxide catalysts with the powerful evolution property exhibit a higher electro-catalytic activity towards methanol electrooxidation than Pt/Ti electrodes without composite metal oxide catalysts.

关键词： Anodes Decomposition Methanol Oxidation Titanium

Low latitude ionospheric effects near longitude 120°E during the great geomagnetic storm of j.ly 2000

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Science China Mathematics 2002年第z1期45卷 148-155页

作者：刘立波万卫星宁百齐袁洪 liu j. Y Wuhan Ionospheric Observatory Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics Chinese Academy of Sciences Wuhan 430071 China Institute of Space Science National Central University Taiwan China

A great geomagnetic storm occurred on j.ly 15/16, 2000 with a minimum value of about -300 nT in Dst index. Collecting digisonde data from ionospheric stations at Chungli, Wuhan, Kokubunj. and Anyang, the ionospheric responses at the low latitudes near longitude 120(E during this storm are analyzed in this paper. There was a strong negative phase storm at low latitudes on j.ly 16. The G-condition in the ionograms was clearly seen on the early first day after the commencement of geomagnetic storm. Those were considered to be caused by the storm-induced increase in the concentration ratios of neutral molecular O2 or N2 to atom O. On j.ly 17 and some days thereafter, a positive phase storm appeared. In addition, anomalous equatorial ionization anomaly (EIA) inhibitions and developments were observed on j.ly 16 and 17. There were also prominent nighttime enhancements in foF2 during these days, and the diurnal variation of foF2 was less clear than before.

关键词： magnetic storm, low latitude ionosphere.

ANALYSIS OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL UPSETTING PROCESS BY THE RIGID-PLASTIC REPRODUCING KERNEL PARTICLE METHOD

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2006年第5期19卷 371-378页

作者： Y. H. liu j. Chen S. Yu X. W. Chen National Die and Mould CAD Engineering Research Center Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200030 China

A meshless approach, called the rigid-plastic reproducing kernel particle method （RKPM）, is presented for three-dimensional （3D） bulk metal forming simulation. The approach is a combination of RKPM with the flow theory of 3D rigid-plastic mechanics. For the treatments of essential boundary conditions and incompressibility constraint, the boundary singular kernel method and the modified penalty method are utilized, respectively. The arc-tangential friction model is employed to treat the contact conditions. The compression of rectangular blocks, a typical 3D upsetting operation, is analyzed for different friction conditions and the numerical results are compared with those obtained using commercial rigid-plastic FEM （finite element method） software Deform^3D. As results show, when handling 3D plastic deformations, the proposed approach eliminates the need of expensive meshing and remeshing procedures which are unavoidable in conventional FEM and can provide results that are in good agreement with finite element predictions.

关键词： meshless reproducing kernel particle method(RKPM) three-dimensional upsetting incompressibility modified penalty method

The WRKY Gene Family in Rice （Oryza sativa）

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j.urnal of Integrative Plant Biology 2007年第6期49卷 827-842页

作者： Christian A. Ross Yue liu Qingxi j. Shen Bioinformatics Core School of Life Sciences University of Nevada Las Vegas Nevada 89154 USA

WRKYgenee encode transcription factors that are Involved In the regulation of various biological processes. These zinc-finger proteins, especially those members mediating stress responses, are uniquely expanded In plants. To facilitate the study of the evolutionary history and functions of this eupergene family, we performed an exhaustive search for WRKY genes using HMMER and a Hidden Markov Model that was specifically trained for rice. This work resulted In a comprehensive list of WRKYgene models In Oryza sativa L. eep. indica and L. eep. j.ponica. Mapping of these genes to Individual chromosomes facilitated elimination of the redundant, leading to the Identification of 98 WRKYgenee In j.ponica and 102 In indica rice. These genes were further categorized according to the number and structure of their zinc-finger domains. Based on a phylogenetlc tree of the conserved WRKY domains and the graphic display of WRKY loci on corresponding indica and j.ponica chromosomes, we Identified possible WRKY gene duplications within, and losses between the two closely related rice subspecies. Also reviewed are the roles of WRKY genes In disease resistance and responses to salicylic acid and j.emonlc acid, seed development and germination mediated by glbberelllns, other developmental processes Including senescence, and responses to ablotlc stresses and abeclelc acid In rice and other plants. The signaling pathways mediating WRKY gene expreeelon are also discussed.

关键词： gene family indica j.ponica Oryza sativa rice WRKY.

A COMPUTERIZED SYSTEM ON KINETIC ANALYSIS AND EVALUATION OF GAS/SOLID REACTIONS

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2003年第6期16卷 495-506页

作者： j.H. liu, j. Y. Zhang and S.K. WeiSchool of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering, University of Science & Technology Beij.ng, Beij.ng 100083, China School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering University of Science & Technology Beijing

The present paper presents the structure, features and functions of a computerized system on kinetic analysis and evaluation of gas/solid reactions, KinPreGSR. Kin-PreGSR is a menu driven system, can be operated with MS Windows as workbench in a PC computer. It has been developed using visual C++ with FoxPro hybrid coding technique.KinPreGSR combines the characteristics of gas/solid reactions with the kinetic models as well as mass and heat transfer equations. The database files were established for the apparent activation energies of some reduction and decomposition reactions to allow the prediction of the reaction kinetics to some extents. Outputs can be displayed using graphical or numerical forms. Examples regarding the oxide reduction and carbonate decomposition under isothermal conditions are given to show those functions.

关键词： gas/solid reaction kinetics computer system evaluation anal-ysis

Specific T-cell immunity to emerging highly-pathogenic viruses in human

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Specific T-cell immunity to emerging highly-pathogenic virus...

First report of nigrospora sphaerica causing leaf blight disease on camellia sinensis in Anhui,China

第十二届全国免疫学学术大会

作者： liu William j. National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention China CDC

The emerging and re-emerging viruses with high pathogenicity pose a great threaten to public *** host T-cell immunity not only provides a protection role during the virus clearance,but also can lead to an effect of *** established a specific T-cell test and research platform to investigate the mechanism by which the human T-cell immunity reacts to the highly-pathogenic *** the healthy population,we investigated the pre-existing cellular and humoral immune responses against the newly emerging viruses(such as H7 N9 and MERS-CoV) in the healthy population who were recovered from the genetic related virus-infection(such as pH1 N1 and SARS-CoV).By the collaboration with different hospitals,we recruit the patients and investigate their T-cell immune features during the acute infection and the convalescence *** found that the dysfunctional immunity are not only associated with disease progression but also correlated to the human-to-human transmission of the avian influenza *** also utilized the virus-specific T-cell test to evaluate the vaccine *** no CD8

关键词： T-cell immunity highly-pathogenic virus MHC

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First report of nigrospora sphaerica causing leaf blight dis...