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Three-dimensional fracture of UO2 ceramic pellets by phase field modeling

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第1期Mechanics & Astronomy) .卷 169-180页

作者： Wei Xiong Xuan Ye Hongzhang Cheng Xiaoming liu Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Nuclear Energy Technology Key Laboratory of Advanced Reactor Engineering and Safety of Ministry of Education Tsinghua University State Key Laboratory of Nonlinear Mechanics Institute of Mechanics Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Engineering Science University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Fracture is the primary failure type for the UO2ceramic pellets,which are operated under irradiation and thermal processes,and physically confined by the *** this work,by combining closely coupled physical processes of heat conduction,heat transfer,and mechanical deformation with the cohesive phase field framework,we proposed a high-precision modeling of quasistatic cracking of three-dimensional （3D） UO2ceramic fuel pellets under high temperature and *** simulation results agree well with the experimental results,indicating that the proposed method has the potential to capture 3D crack modes in the interested time ***,we studied the relation of the 3D fracture patterns of fuel pellets with the peak power *** was found that the power level plays a critical role in determining the competition between radial and circumferential cracks,as well as transverse penetrating cracks.

关键词： phase field method nuclear fuel pellet coupled thermo-mechanical model thermal fracture

A quantum-search-based multi-classifier for image recognition

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第1期Mechanics & Astronomy) .卷 21-31页

作者： Lu liu Xingyu Wu Lufan Zhang Chuan Wang School of Artificial Intelligence Beijing Normal University Applied Optics Beijing Area Major Laboratory Beijing Normal University

The multi-class classification of images is a pivotal challenge within the realm of image processing. As the volume of visual data continues to expand, there is a burgeoning interest in harnessing the unique capabilities of quantum computation to augment the efficiency of classification tasks. However, many existing methods for training quantum image multi-classifiers parallel classical machine learning techniques, where the requisite circuit measurements increase linearly with the volume of training data. This work introduces a novel approach for training a quantum image multi-classifier based on the quantum search algorithm. We have meticulously conducted rigorous experiments on a handwritten digit dataset, a classic benchmark in the field. The results have been meticulously compared with previous works, and the comparative analysis not only validates the efficiency of our proposed approach, requiring only O(N/b) measurements during training, but also highlights a significant quadratic speedup of the algorithm.

关键词： quantum computation image recognition quantum search algorithm

Engineering atomic Rb-N configurations to tune radical pathways for highly selective photocatalytic H2O2 synthesis coupled with biomass valorization

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 215-225页

作者： Jiaye Li Shuang Pan Yihuang Chen Qiong liu College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering Wenzhou University Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Measurement and Emergency Test Technology (China) Institute of Analysis Guangdong Academy of Sciences (China National Analytical CenterGuangzhou)

Photocatalytic oxygen reduction for hydrogen peroxide （H2O2） synthesis presents a green and costeffective production ***,achieving highly selective H2O2synthesis remains challenging,necessitating precise control over free radical reaction pathways and minimizing undesirable oxidative ***,we report for the visible light-driven simultaneous co-photocatalytic reduction of O2to H2O2and oxidation of biomass using the atomic rubidium-nitride modified carbon nitride（CNRb）.The optimized CNRb catalyst demonstrates a record photoreduction rate of 8.01 mM h-1for H2O2generation and photooxidation rate of 3.75 mM h-1for furfuryl alcohol to furoic acid,achieving a remarkable solar-to-chemical conversion （SCC） efficiency of up to 2.27%.Experimental characterizations and DFT calculation disclosed that the introducing atomic Rb–N configurations allows for the high-selective generation of superoxide radicals while suppressing hydroxyl free radical *** is because the Rb–N serves as the new alternative site to perceive a stronger connection position for O2adsorption and reinforce the capability to extract protons,thereby triggering a high selective redox product *** study holds great potential in precisely regulating reactive radical processes at the atomic level,thereby paving the way for efficient synthesis of H2O2coupled with biomass valorization.

关键词： Free radical reactions

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转fla基因水稻的育成及抗病谱分析

分子植物育种 2015年第1期13卷 61-65页

作者：王晓宇陈志谊刘文真罗楚平张荣胜周华飞匝苏农业科学院植物保护研究所南京210014 中国水稻研究所杭州310006

植物在长期抵御病原物侵染的进化过程中,通过识别病原相关分子模式(pathogen-associated molecular pattern,PAMPs)激活植物的防卫反应是一个重要的抗病机制。细菌鞭毛蛋白保守的分子特征属于PAMPs,植物可通过识别鞭毛蛋白来感知细菌,... 详细信息

植物在长期抵御病原物侵染的进化过程中,通过识别病原相关分子模式(pathogen-associated molecular pattern,PAMPs)激活植物的防卫反应是一个重要的抗病机制。细菌鞭毛蛋白保守的分子特征属于PAMPs,植物可通过识别鞭毛蛋白来感知细菌,从而启动植物自身的免疫系统。这一特性提示鞭毛蛋白在植物抗病育种具有较大的应用前景。本研究利用转基因载体p CAMBIA1300将来源于枯草芽胞杆菌的鞭毛蛋白基因转入水稻,通过转基因植株的分子鉴定和抗性鉴定,筛选到3株苗期高抗稻瘟病的转基因植株。转基因植株不产生类似过敏反应的褪绿斑点。这一结果提示枯草芽胞杆菌鞭毛蛋白在水稻稻瘟病抗性育种中具有一定的应用潜力,获得的转基因抗性植株对不同抗性机制的研究具有一定的意义。

关键词：抗病谱 fla基因水稻稻瘟病枯草芽胞杆菌

Preparation of Modified Composite Nanofiltration Membrane Synergistically Using Carboxylic Multi- walled Carbon Nanotube and β-cyclodextrin

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2025年第1期40卷 232-239页

作者： liu Peng MAO Junpeng FANG Yanfeng YU Yunwu CHEN Changxiu TANG Ning WAN Ye GU Yaxin liu Yunxue WANG Lihua School of Materials Science and Engineering Shenyang Jianzhu UniversityShenyang 110168China

A new modified blend ultrafiltration(UF)membrane with good hydrophilicity,high porosity and excellent anti-fouling performance was developed by using carboxylic multi-walled carbon nanotube(CMWCNT)as casting solution ***,a composite nanofiltration(NF)membrane with large water flux and good retention rate was fabricated by using the PVDF/CMWCNT blend UF membrane as the substrate,and polyvinyl alcohol(PVA),β-cyclodextrin(β-CD)and polyethylenimine(PEI)as the coating *** results show that with the appropriate addition of CMWCNT in the casting solution,the surface roughness,porosity and recovery rate of the PVDF/CMWCNT blend UF membrane is obviously *** water flux of blend UF membrane is significantly improved when the CMWCNT content increases from 0 wt%to 0.2 wt%.The water flux of blend UF membrane with 0.2 wt%CMWCNT is 162.7 L/(m^(2)·h),which is 44.3%higher than that of the pure PVDF ***β-CD content is 0.8 wt%,the retention rate of Congo red by PVDF/CMWCNT/β-CD composite NF membrane reaches 98.7%,which is 28.3%higher than that of single PVA/PEI modified *** research will provide a new idea and simple method for developing novel high-performance composite NF membranes.

关键词： CMWCNT cyclodextrin nanofiltration membrane

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纯化油田低渗透油层伤害原因及保护技术研究

特种油气藏 1998年第2期5卷 33-38页

作者：冯浦涌刘希华杜文贞胜利石油管理局纯梁采油厂

在对纯化油田油层污染原因进行分析的基础上，结合其采油生产实际情况，研究并应用了７项油层保护技术。目的保护油层，提高产量。结果低密度洗井液、热油洗井及井下洗井开关等技术可有效地保护油层不受污染；低伤害压井液、油井不压井... 详细信息

在对纯化油田油层污染原因进行分析的基础上，结合其采油生产实际情况，研究并应用了７项油层保护技术。目的保护油层，提高产量。结果低密度洗井液、热油洗井及井下洗井开关等技术可有效地保护油层不受污染；低伤害压井液、油井不压井作业等技术可较好地防止压井作业过程中造成的油层伤害；ＦＡＣ有机缓速酸可防止酸化过程中出现二次污染，提高油水井酸化有效率；负压与深抽技术相结合，是低渗透油田开发的一项有效措施。结论纯化油田油层保护技术的应用，使油层污染得到了有效控制，提高了低渗透油田开发效益。

关键词：低渗透油气藏油层损害原因保护措施应用纯化油田

小陇山百花林场次生松栎混交林群落及优势种群空间结构特征

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东北林业大学学报 2015年第8期43卷 40-45页

作者：张岗岗王得祥张丛珊张宋智刘文桢欧阳君祥西北农林科技大学杨凌712100 甘肃省小陇山林业科学研究所国家林业局调查规划设计院

采用空间结构参数(角尺度、混交度、大小比数)一元分布和二元分布探讨小陇山林区百花林场次生松栎混交林群落及其油松、锐齿栎优势种群的结构特征。结果表明:群落和油松、锐齿栎种群中多数林木和各自总体处于随机分布;大小比数频率分布... 详细信息

采用空间结构参数(角尺度、混交度、大小比数)一元分布和二元分布探讨小陇山林区百花林场次生松栎混交林群落及其油松、锐齿栎优势种群的结构特征。结果表明:群落和油松、锐齿栎种群中多数林木和各自总体处于随机分布;大小比数频率分布较均匀,整体生长均处于中庸状态;群落中混交良好的林木较多,油松和锐齿栎种群中度混交和强度混交的林木较多,混交度均值(珡M)分别为0.572、0.592,空间隔离程度明显低于群落(0.696)。群落和油松、锐齿栎种群中同一优劣程度或混交等级的林木大多处于随机分布,林分中较为常见的结构单元参照树周围相邻木大多为随机分布的其它树种,同一分布格局或混交等级的林木处于不同优劣程度的林木比例近似相等;但同一优劣程度下,群落中的林木大多混交良好,油松种群中的林木大多处于中度混交,锐齿栎种群中则大多处于强度混交。群落及油松和锐齿栎种群空间结构一元分布、二元分布特征基本一致,说明油松和锐齿栎种群在很大程度上决定了群落的结构特征和发展趋势。

关键词：小陇山松栎混交林空间结构一元分布二元分布

Research status and prospects of the fractal analysis of metal material surfaces and interfaces

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2025年第1期32卷 20-38页

作者： Qinjin Dai Xuefeng liu Xin Ma Shaojie Tian Qinghe Cui Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Beijing Laboratory of Metallic Materials and Processing for Modern Transportation University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Laboratory for Advanced Materials Processing of Ministry of Education University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Xinjiang Institute of EngineeringUrumqi 830023China

As a mathematical analysis method,fractal analysis can be used to quantitatively describe irregular shapes with self-similar or self-affine *** analysis has been used to characterize the shapes of metal materials at various scales and *** methods make it difficult to quantitatively describe the relationship between the regular characteristics and properties of metal material surfaces and ***,fractal analysis can be used to quantitatively describe the shape characteristics of metal materials and to establish the quantitative relationships between the shape characteristics and various properties of metal *** the perspective of two-dimensional planes and three-dimensional curved surfaces,this paper reviews the current research status of the fractal analysis of metal precipitate interfaces,metal grain boundary interfaces,metal-deposited film surfaces,metal fracture surfaces,metal machined surfaces,and metal wear *** relationship between the fractal dimensions and properties of metal material surfaces and interfaces is *** from three perspectives of fractal analysis,namely,research scope,image acquisition methods,and calculation methods,this paper identifies the direction of research on fractal analysis of metal material surfaces and interfaces that need to be *** is believed that revealing the deep influence mechanism between the fractal dimensions and properties of metal material surfaces and interfaces will be the key research direction of the fractal analysis of metal materials in the future.

关键词： metal material surfaces and interfaces fractal analysis fractal dimension homogeneity

Inhibiting ceramide synthase 5 expression in microglia decreases neuroinflammation after spinal cord injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第10期20卷 2955-2968页

作者： Wei Zhang Yubao Lu Ruoqi Shen Yingjie Wu Chenrui liu Xingxing Fang Liangming Zhang Bin liu Limin Rong Department of Spine Surgery The Third Affiliated HospitalSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina National Medical Products Administration(NMPA)Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Cell Products GuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina Guangdong Provincial Center for Quality Control of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery GuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina Guangdong Provincial Center for Engineering and Technology Research of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery GuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina

Microglia,the resident monocyte of the central nervous system,play a crucial role in the response to spinal cord ***,the precise mechanism remains *** investigate the molecular mechanisms by which microglia regulate the neuroinflammatory response to spinal cord injury,we performed single-cell RNA sequencing dataset analysis,focusing on changes in microglial *** found that the MG1 subpopulation emerged in the acute/subacute phase of spinal cord injury and expressed genes related to cell pyroptosis,sphingomyelin metabolism,and neuroinflammation at high ***,we established a mouse model of contusive injury and performed intrathecal injection of siRNA and molecular inhibitors to validate the role of ceramide synthase 5 in the neuroinflammatory responses and pyroptosis after spinal cord ***,we established a PC12-BV2 cell co-culture system and found that ceramide synthase 5 and pyroptosis-associated proteins were highly expressed to induce the apoptosis of neuron *** ceramide synthase 5 expression in a mouse model of spinal cord injury effectively reduced ***,ceramide synthase 5-induced pyroptosis was dependent on activation of the NLRP3 signaling *** ceramide synthase 5 expression in microglia in vivo reduced neuronal apoptosis and promoted recovery of neurological ***2g7 formed a“bridge”between sphingolipid metabolism and ceramide synthase 5-mediated cell death by inhibiting the NLRP3 signaling ***,these findings suggest that inhibiting ceramide synthase 5 expression in microglia after spinal cord injury effectively suppressed microglial pyroptosis mediated by NLRP3,thereby exerting neuroprotective effects.

关键词： ceramide synthase 5 gasdermin D microglia neuroinflammation NLRP3 nuclear factor kappa B Pla2g7 pyroptosis sphingomyelin metabolism spinal cord injury