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Review of Design and Control Optimization of Axial Flux PMSM in Renewable-energy Applications

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2023年第2期36卷 29-49页

作者： Jianfei Zhao xiaoying liu Shuang Wang Lixiao Zheng School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China

Axial flux permanent magnet synchronous motors(AFPMSMs)have been widely used in wind-power generation,electric vehicles,aircraft,and other renewable-energy applications owing to their high power density,operating efficiency,and *** facilitate comprehensive research on AFPMSM,this article reviews the developments in the research on the design and control optimization of ***,the basic topologies of AFPMSMs are introduced and ***,the key points of the design optimization of core and coreless AFPMSMs are summarized from the aspects of parameter design,structure design,and material ***,because efficiency improvement is an issue that needs to be addressed when AFPMSMs are applied to electric or other vehicles,the development status of efficiency-optimization control strategies is ***,control strategies proposed to suppress torque ripple caused by the small inductance of disc coreless permanent magnet synchronous motors(DCPMSMs)are *** overview of the rotor-synchronization control strategies for disc contra-rotating permanent magnet synchronous motors(CRPMSMs)is ***,the current difficulties and development trends revealed in this review are discussed.

关键词： AFPMSM Design optimization Cogging torque Efficiency optimization Control strategy optimization

Integrated System for Combined Optical Coherence Tomography-Raman Spectroscopy of Neocaridina denticulate sinensis

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2021年第1期20卷 94-100页

作者： liu xiaoying ZHANG Xu MA Jun SHI Xiaofeng Optics and Optoelectronics Laboratory Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China

Optical coherence tomography(OCT)and Raman spectroscopy(RS)can be complementary biological tissue optical analysis *** study the internal structure and tissue compositions of biological samples,an OCT-RS system was built to carry out OCT section imaging and RS analysis in *** denticulate sinensis were collected regularly for morphological observation by OCT imaging and biochemical investigation based on the Raman *** internal structure of the *** sinensis was imaged by OCT,and the morphology of the tissues and the position in the body were distinguished according to the gray scale *** imaging depth along the vertical direction of Z-axis in *** sinensis is about 1.60 *** detection was selectively performed based on the OCT *** main Raman peaks of the rostrum,the cephalothorax,the abdominal segment,and the telson section are at 1006,1156,1447,1491 and 1515 cm-1,which are identified as proteins and amino *** presence of 1497 cm-1 at the cephalothorax is different from other parts,probably due to the presence of organs such as ovary,whose compositions are different from those of other *** combination of optical coherence tomography and Raman spectroscopy can provide information about morphological and biochemical features of tissues,and has potential applications in biomedical detection and imaging.

关键词： optical coherence tomography(OCT) Raman spectroscopy(RS) Neocaridina denticulate sinensis biological tissue

Electromechanical Transient Modeling Analysis of Large-Scale New Energy Grid Connection

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Energy Engineering 2024年第4期121卷 1109-1125页

作者： Shichao Cao Yonggang Dong xiaoying liu Department of Electrical Engineering Hebei Vocational University of Technology and EngineeringXingtai054000China

The synchronous virtual machine uses inverter power to imitate the performance of the conventional synchronous *** also has the same inertia,damping,frequency,voltage regulation,and other external performance as the *** is the key technology to realize new energy grid connections’stable and reliable *** project studies a dynamic simulation model of an extensive new energy power system based on the virtual synchronous motor.A new energy storage method is *** mathematical energy storage model is established by combining the fixed rotor model of a synchronous virtual machine with the charge-discharge power,state of charge,operation efficiency,dead zone,and inverter *** rapid conversion of energy storage devices absorbs the excess instantaneous kinetic energy caused by *** branch transient of the critical cut set in the system can be confined to a limited ***,the virtual synchronizer’s kinetic and potential energy can be efficiently converted into an instantaneous *** simulation of power system analysis software package(PSASP)verifies the correctness of the theory and algorithm in this *** paper provides a theoretical basis for improving the transient stability of new energy-connected power grids.

关键词： New energy grid connection transient electromechanical modeling synchronous virtual machine PSASP software energy storage

Nonlinear finite element analysis of crack growth at the interface of rubber-like bimaterials

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2011年第10期54卷 1866-1874页

作者： YANG XiaoXiang FU MingWang WANG XiuRong liu xiaoying School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation Fuzhou University Fuzhou 350108 China Department of Mechanical Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hung Horn Kowloon Hong Kong China

This paper presents the characteristics of the crack growth at the interface of rubber-rubber and rubber-steel bimaterials undertensile deformation using the non-linear finite element method. By using the commercial finite element software ABAQUS,the J integral calculations are carried out for the initial interface crack in the interfaces in-between two Neo-Hookean materials,two Mooney-Rivlin materials, Neo-Hookean and Mooney-Rivlin rubbers, Neo-Hookean and Polynomial, Mooney-Rivlin andPolynomial, and the Mooney-Rivlin and steel bi-materials. The computational results of the maximum J integral directionaround the crack tip illustrate the possible direction of crack growth initiation. Furthermore, it is found that the crack bends tothe softer rubber material at a certain angle with the initial crack direction if the crack depth is relatively small. For the crackwith a larger depth, the crack propagates to grow along the interface in-between the bimaterials.

关键词： rubber-like materials bimaterials interface crack J integral crack growth non-linear finite element method

Morphology and orientation evolution of Cu_(6)Sn_(5)grains on(001)Cu and(011)Cu single crystal substrates under temperature gradient

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2021年第36期95卷 29-39页

作者： Yuanyuan Qiao xiaoying liu Ning Zhao Lawrence C M Wu Chunying liu Haitao Ma School of Materials Science and Engineering Dalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China Department of Materials Science and Engineering City University of Hong KongHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina

The morphology and orientation evolution of Cu_(6)Sn_(5)grains formed on(001)Cu and(011)Cu single crystal substrates under temperature gradient(TG)were *** initial orientated prism-type Cu_(6)Sn_(5)grains transformed to non-orientated scallop-type after isothermal ***,the Cu_(6)Sn_(5)grains with strong texture were revealed on cold end single crystal Cu substrates by imposing *** Cu_(6)Sn_(5)grains on(001)Cu grew along their c-axis parallel to the substrate and finally merged into one grain to form a fully IMC joint,while those on(011)Cu presented a strong texture and merged into a few dominant Cu_(6)Sn_(5)grains showing about 30°angle with the *** merging between neighboring Cu_(6)Sn_(5)grain pair was attributed to the rapid grain growth and grain boundary ***,a model was put forward to describe the merging *** different morphology and orientation evolutions of the Cu_(6)Sn_(5)grains on single crystal and polycrystal Cu substrates were revealed based on crystallographic relationship and Cu *** method for controlling the morphology and orientation of Cu_(6)Sn_(5)grains is really benefitial to solve the reliability problems caused by anisotropy in 3 D packaging.

关键词： 3D packaging Single crystal Cu Temperature gradient Orientation Disregistry Grain boundary migration

Strength-increase mechanism and microstructural characteristics of a biotreated geomaterial

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2020年第3期14卷 599-608页

作者： Chi LI Siriguleng BAI Tuanjie ZHOU Hanlong liu Xiao QIN Shihui liu xiaoying liu Yang XIAO College of Civil Engineering Inner Mongolia University of TechnologyHohhot 010051China College of Science Inner Mongolia University of TechnologyHohhot 010051China College of Civil Engineering Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400045China

Microbially induced calcite precipitation(MICP)is a recently proposed method that is environmentally friendly and has considerable potential applications in artificial biotreated *** artificial biotreated geomaterials are produced based on the MICP technology for different parent *** purpose of this study is to explore the strength-increase mechanism and microstmctural characteristics of the biotreated geomaterial through a series of *** results show that longer mineralization time results in higher-strength biotreated *** strength growth rate rapidly increases in the beginning and remains stable *** calcium ion content significantly increases with the extended mineralization *** standard sand was used as a parent soil,the calcium ion content increased to a factor of 39 after 7 *** bacterial cells with attached calcium ions serve as the nucleus of crystallization and fill the pore *** fine sand was used as a parent soil,the calcium ion content increased to only a factor of 7 after 7 days of *** nucleus of crystallization could not normally grow because of the limited pore *** porosity and variation in porosity are clearly affected by the parent ***,the strength of the biotreated geomaterial is affected by the parent soil properties,mineralization time,and granular material pore *** paper provides a basis for theory and experiments for biotreated geomaterials in future engineering practice.

关键词： biotreated geomaterial microbially induced calcite precipitation strength-increase mechanism microstructural characteristics

The pseudocapacitance mechanism of graphene/CoAl LDH and its derivatives:Are all the modifications beneficial?

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2021年第1期30卷 218-227,I0007页

作者： Chuan Jing Xu Dong liu Kailin Li xiaoying liu Biqin Dong Fan Dong Yuxin Zhang State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Transmissions College of Materials Science and EngineeringChongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China Research Centre of Laser Fusion China Academy of Engineering PhysicsMianyang 621900SichuanChina Engineering Research Center for Waste Oil Recovery Technology and Equipment of Ministry of Education Chongqing Key Laboratory of Catalysis and New Environmental MaterialsCollege of Environment and ResourcesChongqing Technology and Business UniversityChongqing 400067China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Durability for Marine Civil Engineering Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060GuangdongChina Research Center for Environmental Science&Technology Institute of Fundamental and Frontier SciencesUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 611731SichuanChina

Cobalt-Aluminum layered double hydroxide(CoAl LDH) is a hopeful electrode material due to the advantage of easy modifiability for preparing LDH-based ***,there is short of modification methods to prepare the Co-based derivatives from CoAl LDH and also short of an intuitive perspective to analyze the pseudocapacitance mechanism of CoAl LDH and its ***,Graphene/CoAl LDH and its derivatives including Graphene/CoS,Graphene/CoS-1,Graphene/CoOOH,Graphene/CoP were prepared by reasonably using alkali etching treatment,sulfofication and *** specific capacitance of Graphene/CoAl LDH,Graphene/CoS,Graphene/CoS-1,Graphene/CoOOH,Graphene/CoP at1 A g^(-1) are 260.7,371.3,440.8,61.4 and 122.2 F g^(-1),*** pseudocapacitance mechanism of Graphene/CoAl LDH and its derivatives was *** to the positive effect of sulfofication on the electrical conductivity of GO and cobalt sulfide,the Graphene/CoS and Graphene/CoS-1 exhibit the optimal electrochemical performance and superior rate *** addition,due to the repulsion effect between Graphene and OH-,the Graphene/CoAl LDH exhibits optimal cycling stability of 224.1% capacitance retention after 20000 ***,the reason of terrible specific capacitance of Graphene/CoOOH is that the presence of H bond in interlayer of CoOOH inhibits the interaction between Co3+ and ***,not all modifications will increase the specific capacitance of the electrode ***,this work provides us with a detailed analysis of the electrochemical mechanism and correlation of CoAl LDH and its derivatives from the perspective of crystal structure and composition.

关键词： CoAl LDH and its derivates Modification Pseudocapacitance mechanism Alkali etching treatment Sulfofication Phosphorization

Partition-coordinated control of soil and water loss for chestnut forests in the Yanshan Mountain Region, China

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2019年第1期34卷 58-64页

作者： Xinhui Ding Guangquan liu xiaoying liu Yongsheng Xie Zhichun Yue China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research State Key Labof Water Recycle Modeling International Research and Training Center on Erosion and Sedimentation Institute of Soil and Water Conservation Chinese Academy of SciencesMinistry of Water Resources State Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Simulation and Safety Tianjin University

Soil erosion from chestnut forests is one of the most important factors causing land degradation in the Yanshan Mountain Region. A 2-year field study was done to compare the effects on erosion of a control plot(CP), a repaired and maintained horizontal ditch built with an engineering baffle every 6 m(MP 1),and a repaired and maintained horizontal ditch built with an engineering baffle every 8 m(MP 2). The results showed that the slope runoff of chestnut forests was influenced by rainfall characteristic *** single rainfall characteristic factor showed dominance for hill slope runoff. The runoff reduction effect of the partition-coordinated erosion control measures(MP 1 and MP 2) was substantial for chestnut forests under high rainfall intensity conditions. However, the runoff reduction efficiency was higher under the conditions of heavy rainfall and low average rainfall intensity than for storms with higher intensity and lower total rainfall. The reduction effect of the partition-coordinated erosion control measures on the runoff and sediment yield of chestnut forest slopes was MP 2 > MP 1 > CP. The runoff reduction rate and erosion reduction rate of MP 2 reached 61.70% and 97.41%, respectively, and that for MP 1 was 54.15% and 85.31%, respectively. Therefore, after a comprehensive comparison, MP 2 was determined to be more effective for soil erosion control for a sloping chestnut forest.

关键词： Chestnut forest Soil and water loss Erosion control Runoff reduction rate Erosion reduction rate

A spatial orthogonal allocation and heterogeneous cultural hybrid algorithm for multirobot exploration mission planning

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控制理论与应用（英文版） 2011年第2期9卷 171-176页

作者： Yu, Lingli Cai, Zixing Gao, Ping'an liu, xiaoying School of Information Science and Engineering Central South University Changsha Hunan 410083 China

A spatial orthogonal allocation method is devised for multirobot tasks allocation.A 3D space model is adopted to describe exploration mission;meanwhile spatial orthogonal tentative technology is utilized to update the attractor position for load *** interactive cultural hybrid architecture is proposed to solve a robot route planning problem;it utilizes good-point-set to initialize population spaces,redefine novel evolution model and particle evolution ability,and introduce near-neighbor local search strategy in order to enhance search ***,spatial orthogonal allocation and heterogeneous cultural hybrid algorithm (SOAHCHA) are verified by simulation analysis and MORCS2 planning experiments;those results show that the proposed algorithm is efficient because of its successful performance and balanced allocation.

关键词： Multirobot system Mission planning Spatial orthogonal allocation Heterogeneous cultural hybrid algorithm