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Combatting anthrax outbreaks across Nigeria's national land borders: need to optimize surveillance with epidemiological surveys

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2024年第1期13卷 100-100页

作者： Hammed O.Mogaji Babatunde Adewale Stella I.Smith Ehimario U.Igumbor Chidumebi J.Idemili Andrew W.taylor-Robinson Yale School of Public Health Yale University New Haven USA Parasitology and Epidemiology Unit Federal University Oye-Ekiti Oye-Ekiti Nigeria Department of Public Health and Epidemiology Nigerian Institute of Medical Research Lagos Nigeria Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Nigerian Institute of Medical Research Lagos Nigeria Centre for Infectious Disease Research Nigerian Institute of Medical Research Lagos Nigeria Department of Public Health Walter Sisulu University Mthatha South Africa Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation University of Toronto Toronto Canada College of Health Sciences Vin University Hanoi Vietnam Center for Global Health Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia USA

Background Anthrax is a non-contagious zoonotic disease caused by the Gram-positive,spore-forming bac-terium Bacillus *** is common in livestock and wild animals such as cattle,goats,sheep,camels,and *** humans,anthrax may occur after contact with contaminated carcasses or animal products like milk and *** best method to prevent anthrax in people is to ensure livestock are vaccinated,which significantly limits the risk of zoonotic spread to ***,the rate of vaccination of domesticated animals kept by nomadic pastoralists in West Africa is *** groups regularly cross over national boundaries with their grazing *** is a country that historically has done comparatively well to contain this public health ***,in 2023 several outbreaks of human disease appear linked to the consumption of anthrax-contaminated animal products brought into Nigeria by pastoralists from neighboring *** manifestations include skin sores or ulcers,nausea,vomiting,and *** article aims to raise awareness of recent outbreaks of anthrax in West Africa and to callfor a renewed focus on measures to combat this neglected public health concern to the *** body The imperative to pinpoint pivotal issues relating to the ongoing emergence of anthrax cases in Nigeria cannot be *** delving into the prevalence of anthrax in both livestock and human populations residing along Nigeria's borders,unraveling the genetic diversity and potential sources of *** strains,and identify-ing the primary animal host(s)responsible for transmission,we stand to enhance our understanding of this critical ***,investigating the multifaceted factors contributing to anthrax transmission,assessing community knowledge and practices,mapping common migratory routes of pastoralists,and formulating targeted interven-tion strategies tailored to the challenges of border communities,are each crucial steps towards eff

关键词： border Combat doubt

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Microfacies and diagenetic alteration in a semi-deep to deep lacustrine shale: The Yanchang Formation in the Ordos Basin, China

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Petroleum Science 2024年第3期21卷 1524-1538页

作者： Bin Bai Jing-Yue Hao Ling Fu Yu-Xi Liu Jian-Peng Wang Lan Wang Kevin Gtaylor Lin Ma PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development Beijing100083China Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences University of ManchesterM139PLUK College of Earth Sciences Jilin UniversityChangchun130061jilinChina Department of Chemical Engineering University of ManchesterM139PLUK

The mineralogical development and diagenetic sequence of lacustrine shales in the Chang 7 Member of the Yanchang Formation in the Ordos Basin are detailed studied.A model of their depositional system and a diagenetic diagram are proposed in this *** detailed petrographic,mineralogical,and elemental analyses,four distinct shale types are identified:argillaceous shale,siliceous shale,calcareous shale,and carbonate,clay,and silt-bearing *** main diagenetic process in argillaceous shale is the transformation of illite to smectite,negatively impacting shale *** shale undergoes carbonate cementation and quartz dissolution,contributing to increased porosity,particularly in *** shale experiences diagenesis characterised by carbonate formation and dissolution,with a prevalence of *** carbonate,clay,and silt-bearing shale,the dissolution of K-feldspar contributes to illitization of *** shale,characterised by more clay minerals and lower mesopore volume,is identified as a potential hydrocarbon *** shale,with the highest pore volume and abundant inter-mineral pores,emerges as a promising shale oil *** findings contribute to a comprehensive understanding of shale properties,aiding in the prediction of shale oil exploration potential in the studied area.

关键词： Ordos Basin Yanchang Formation Chang 7 Member Diagenesis Microfacies

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Healthcare staff well-being and use of support services during COVID-19:a UK perspective

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General Psychiatry 2021年第3期34卷 143-153页

作者： Anika R Petrella Luke Hughes Lorna A Fern lisa Monaghan Benjamin Hannon Adam Waters Rachel M taylor Cancer Division University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustLondonUK Staff Psychological and Welfare Service University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustLondonUK Centre for Nurse Midwife and AHP Led Research(CNMAR)University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustLondonUK

Background The COVID-19 pandemic has drastically increased demands on healthcare workers(HCWs)leaving them vulnerable to acute psychological distress,burnout and post-traumatic *** response,supportive services in a central London hospital mobilised mental health support specifically for *** This rapid evaluation assessed HCW psychological welfare during the acute phase of the COVID-19 pandemic and their use of supportive services made *** During the acute phase of COVID-19(April to May 2020)all staff working for the hospital were invited to complete an online survey assessing well-being(self-rated health,moral distress exposure,symptoms of burnout and psychological distress)and use of available supportive services(awareness of,use and perceived helpfulness).Associations among personal characteristics and psychological well-being were explored using correlations and linear *** A total of 1127 staff participated in the rapid *** average,psychological distress was high(mean(SD):22(7.57))regardless of role,with 84%of this sample scoring above the general population mean(14.5).Nearly half of the sample reported feeling emotionally drained and a profile emerged displaying higher levels of psychological distress and burnout in those who were younger and exposed to morally distressing situations,with this group also exhibiting greater support service *** levels of burnout were associated with increased psychological distress when controlling for personal *** this acute phase of the pandemic,majority of staff used at least one service and rated it as *** HCWs experienced high levels of psychological distress requiring continued support as the COVID-19 pandemic *** HCWs were aware of supportive services,uptake *** order to mitigate the risk of burnout and post-traumatic stress,long-term,effective strategies that facilitate staff accessing support are urgently required.

关键词： distress younger staff

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Hippocampal stem cells:so they are multipotent!

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分子细胞生物学报:英文版 2011年第5期3卷 270-272页

作者： Verdon taylor Centre for Stem Cell Biology Department of Biomedical ScienceUniversity of SheffieldWestern BankSheffield S102TNUK Department of Molecular Embryology Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and EpigeneticsStubeweg 51Freiburg D-79108Germany

Although neurogenesis continues throughout life in the mammalian brain,the issue of whether the stem cells that drive the process in vivo are self-renewing and multipotent remains *** a recent landmark paper by Bonaguidi et al.(2011)published in Cell,the authors provide clonal evidence that neural stem cells in the dentate gyrus of the adult hippocampus are indeed multipotent and undergo symmetric cell divisions.

关键词： al. potent stem

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Heterotrophic ammonium removal characteristics of an aerobic heterotrophic nitrifying-denitrifying bacterium, Providencia rettgeri YL

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2009年第10期21卷 1336-1341页

作者： taylor Shauna M School of Environmental Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University

Bacterium Providencia rettgeri YL was found to exhibit an unusual ability to heterotrophically nitrify and aerobically denitrify various concentrations of ammonium （NH4^＋-N）. In order to further understand its removal ability, several experiments were conducted to identify the growth and ammonium removal response at different carbon to nitrogen （C/N） mass ratios, shaking speeds, temperatures, ammonium concentrations and to qualitatively verify the production of nitrogen gas using gas chromatography techniques. Results showed that under optimum conditions （C/N 10, 30℃, 120 r/min）, YL can significantly remove low and high concentrations of ammonium within 12 to 48 h of growth, respectively. The nitrification products hydroxylamine （NHzOH）, nitrite （NO2^-） and nitrate （NO3^-） as well as the denitrification product, nitrogen gas （N2）, were detected under completely aerobic conditions.

关键词： Providencia rettgeri YL heterotrophic ammonium removal aerobic denitrification

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The Moon

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Acta Geochimica 2016年第1期35卷 1-13页

作者： ross taylor australian national university CanberraAustralia

Recent geochemical and geophysical data from the Moon enable a revision of earlier interpretations regarding lunar origin, structure and bulk composition. Earth and Moon show many similarities among their isotopic compositions, but they have evolved in totally dissimilar ways, probably related to the deficiency of water and volatile elements in the Moon as well as the vast differences in size and internal pressure. Some global geochemical differences from the Earth such as volatile depletion based on K/U ratios have been established. However, all current lunar samples come from differentiated regions, making the establishment of a bulk composition more reliant on bulk geophysical properties or isotopic similarities; it remains unclear how the latter arose or relate to whole Moon composition. The lack of fractionation effects among the refractory and super-refractory elements indicates that the proto-lunar material seems unlikely to have been vaporized while the presence of volatile elements may place lower limits on proto-lunar temperatures. The apparent lack of geochemical evidence of an impacting body enables other possible impactors, such as comets, to be considered. Although the origin of the Moon remains currently unknown, it is generally believed that the Moon originated as the result of a giant impact on the Earth.

关键词： Lunar origin Grand tack model Apollo Volatite elements

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Practical Approaches to Risk Assessment

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2001年第1期14卷 14-20页

作者： SIMON BROOKE-taylor AustraliaNewZealandFoodAuthority

he importance of using risk assessment in developing food regulations is growing with the globalization of our food supply. The World Trade Organization has entrenched the principles of science based risk assessment in the Agreement on Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures. The relevant international organization for food standards, the Codex Alimentarius Commission, recognises risk analysis, and its component parts risk assessment, risk management and risk communication, as the basis for scientific decision making. Risk assessment comprises two activities: hazard evaluation; and exposure estimation. A hazard may be chemical, microbiological or nutritional in origin. The practical application of risk assessment in Australia is illustrated in this presentation by four examples involving: (1) food additives, (2) microbiological safety of imported raw milk cheeses, (3) genetically modified foods and (4) imported food inspection.

关键词： risk assessment World Trade Organization practical application risk communication food inspection risk analysis principles of food supply raw milk

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Prime gradient noise

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Computational Visual Media 2021年第3期7卷 349-362页

作者： Sheldon taylor Owen Sharpe Jiju Peethambaran Graphics&Spatial Computing Lab Dept.of Math&CSSaint Mary’s UniversityHailifaxNSCanadaB3H3C3

Procedural noise functions are fundamental tools in computer graphics used for synthesizing virtual geometry and texture ***,a procedural noise function should be compact,aperiodic,parameterized,and randomly *** lattice noise functions such as Perlin noise,however,exhibit periodicity due to the axial correlation induced while hashing the lattice vertices to the *** this paper,we introduce a parameterized lattice noise called prime gradient noise(PGN)that minimizes discernible periodicity in the noise while enhancing the algorithmic *** utilizes prime gradients,a set of random unit vectors constructed from subsets of prime numbers plotted in polar coordinate *** map axial indices of lattice vertices to prime gradients,PGN employs Szudzik pairing,a bijection F:N2→*** of Szudzik pairing functions are used in higher *** the core of PGN is the ability to parameterize noise generation though prime sequence offsetting which facilitates the creation of fractal noise with varying levels of heterogeneity ranging from homogeneous to hybrid multifractals.A comparative spectral analysis of the proposed noise with other noises including lattice noises show that PGN significantly reduces axial correlation and hence,periodicity in the noise *** demonstrate the utility of the proposed noise function with several examples in procedural modeling,parameterized pattern synthesis,and solid texturing.

关键词： procedural noise procedural texture Perlin noise prime numbers

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2050:自然沙耗竭?

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环球科学 2024年第5期 48-55页

作者：戴维·A.泰勒樊亦非(译) 不详

随着全球对沙子的需求增加,一些国家和地区出现了有组织的非法采砂活动。非法挖掘沙子会破坏采砂地的生态系统和社区环境。这些非法活动能被制止吗?跨国安全调查员阿朴杜勒-卡德尔·阿卜杜勒-拉赫曼(Abdelkader Abderrahmane)和两名研... 详细信息

随着全球对沙子的需求增加,一些国家和地区出现了有组织的非法采砂活动。非法挖掘沙子会破坏采砂地的生态系统和社区环境。这些非法活动能被制止吗?跨国安全调查员阿朴杜勒-卡德尔·阿卜杜勒-拉赫曼(Abdelkader Abderrahmane)和两名研究助理从摩洛哥的城市盖尼特拉(Kenitra)出发,前往检查大西洋沿岸的众多采砂场。

关键词：卡德尔大西洋沿岸非法采砂阿卜杜勒生态系统非法活动拉赫曼调查员

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Species diversity in restoration plantings: Important factors for increasing the diversity of threatened tree species in the restoration of the Araucaria forest ecosystem

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Plant Diversity 2019年第2期41卷 84-93页

作者： taylor E.Shaw School of Biological Sciences University of East Anglia Norwich Research Park

The Araucaria forest ecosystem in southern Brazil is highly threatened: less than one percent of the original forest remains, and what is left is a fragmented agro-mosaic of mostly early-to-late secondary forest patches among high-yield agriculture and timber monocultures. Forest restoration initiatives in this region aim to restore degraded areas, however the limited number of species used in restoration projects represents a missed opportunity for species-rich plantings. High diversity plantings represent a larger number of functional groups and provide a targeted conservation strategy for the high number of threatened species within this ecosystem. This study interviewed nurseries(Ns) and restoration practitioners(RPs) in Parana and Santa Catarina states to identify what species are being cultivated and planted, and what factors are driving the species selection process. An average of 20 species were reportedly used in restoration plantings, most of which are common, widespread species. Baseline data confirms that Ns and RPs have disproportionately low occurrences of threatened species in their inventories and plantings, supporting findings from previous research. Questionnaire responses reveal that opportunities for seed acquisition are an extremely important factor in order for nurseries to increase their diversity of cultivated species. Results also suggest that facilitating speciesrich plantings for restoration practitioners would only be feasible if it did not increase the time required to complete planting projects, as it would minimize their ability to keep costs low. This study proposes solutions for increasing the number of species used in restoration practicedsuch as developing a comprehensive species list, fostering knowledge-sharing between actors, creating seed sharing programs, and increasing coordination of planting projects. Long-term strategies involve complimenting traditional ex situ approaches with emerging inter-situ and quasi in situ conserv

关键词： Restoration Araucaria forest Threatened species Nurseries Restoration practitioners Decision-making

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