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Clearance angle and evolution of depth of cut in actuated disc cutting

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journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2019年第3期11卷 644-658页

作者： Sevda Dehkhoda Bryce hill CSIRO Minerals Resources Queensland Centre for Advanced Technologies

This paper investigates the effect of cutter clearance angle on variation of depth of cut and cutting process with an actuated disc cutting(ADC).ADC is a cyclic cutting method with two main characteristics:(i)a disk-shape cutter is used to attack the rock in an undercutting mechanism;and(ii)the cutter is dynamically actuated as it is moved across the ***,the cutting process of such system is periodic,each recurrence known as actuation *** first ADC model,developed in 2016,represented an idealization of the technology with a flat disc cutter,where no clearance angle was *** evolution of the contact between the disc and the rock was,therefore,computed only on horizontal x-y plane,ignoring the effect of normal component of the force acting on *** article reports on a study that incorporates the cutter inclination angle in derivation of cutter/rock interface *** extends the proposed kinematic and geometry based model to take into account the variable depth of cut in estimating the forces associated with cutting in one actuation *** were conducted using Wobble to test the predictions of the improved model at various operating *** model predictions are matched with the experimental results and effects of various factors are analysed.

关键词： Actuated disc cutting Undercutting Force model Wobble Hard rock cutting

A review of public health guidelines for postpartum physical activity and sedentary behavior from around the world

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journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第4期13卷 472-483,F0003页

作者： Kelly R.Evenson Wendy j.Brown Alison K.Brinson Emily Budzynski-Seymour Melanie Hayman Department of Epidemiology Gillings School of Global Public HealthUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599-8050USA Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine Bond UniversityGold CoastQLD 4226Australia School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD 4072Australia Department of Anthropology University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599-3115USA Carolina Population Center University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599-8120USA Faculty of Sport Health and Social SciencesSolent UniversitySouthamptonSO140YNUK Appleton Institute School of HealthMedical and Applied SciencesCentral Queensland UniversityRockhamptonQLD 4701Australia

Background:The period following pregnancy is a critical time window when future habits with respect to physical activity(PA) and sedentary behavior(SB) are established;therefore,it warrants *** purpose of this scoping review was to summarize public health-oriented country-specific postpartum PA and SB guidelines ***:To identity guidelines published since 2010,we performed a(a) systematic search of 4 databases(CINAHL,Global Health,PubMed,and SPORTDiscus),(b) structured repeatable web-based search separately for 194 countries,and(c) separate web-based *** the most recent guideline was included for each ***:We identified 22 countries with public health-oriented postpartum guidelines for PA and 11 countries with SB *** continents with guidelines included Europe(n=12),Asia(n=5),Oceania(n=2),Africa(n=1),North America(n=1),and South America(n=1).The most common benefits recorded for PA included weight control/management(n=10),reducing the risk of postpartum depression or depressive symptoms(n=9),and improving mood/well-being(n=8).Postpartum guidelines specified exercises to engage in,including pelvic floor exercises(n=17);muscle strengthening,weight training,or resistance exercises(n=13);aerobics/general aerobic activity(n=13);walking(n=11);cycling(n=9);and swimming(n=9).Eleven guidelines remarked on the interaction between PA and breastfeeding;several guidelines stated that PA did not impact breast milk quantity(n=7),breast milk quality(n=6),or infant growth(n=3).For SB,suggestions included limiting long-term sitting and interrupting sitting with ***:Country-specific postpartum guidelines for PA and SB can help promote healthy behaviors using a culturally appropriate context while providing specific guidance to public health practitioners.

关键词： Breastfeeding Caesarean section Guidelines Postnatal Recommendations

Supporting farmer-managed irrigation systems in the Shigar valley, Karakorum： Role of the government and Aga Khan Rural Support Programme

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journal of Mountain Science 2017年第10期14卷 2064-2081页

作者： joseph K.W.hill Department of Rural Management Xavier Institute of Social Sciences (XISS) Dr Gamil Bulcke Path Post Box 7 Ranchi- 834001 India

Farmer-managed irrigation systems(FMIS) in the high altitude valleys of the Karakorum,Pakistan, continue to be managed effectively despite increased pressure on the social arrangements that sustain them. Colonial era records shows that over a century ago government agencies undertook irrigation support projects. In the past three decades,government agencies and the non-government agency Aga Khan Rural Support Programme(AKRSP), which channels foreign funds into the region, have actively engaged in the provision of irrigation support. This article seeks to explore whether such projects support or undermine farmer-managed irrigation systems and the complex institutional arrangements that underpin them. Field research using ethnographic and participatory methods was conducted in spring 2013 in the upper Shigar valley, Skardu district, GilgitBaltistan. The findings show that irrigation development is a political activity that involves village-based actors, religious leaders, local politicians,and government and non-government *** agencies operate in a largely top-down,engineering mode, their larger projects limited to villages suffering water scarcity. The local government provides small funds for renovation work of FMIS,though allocation of funds is highly politicized. Nongovernment agencies, for a variety of reasons including donor-funding cycles, apply a one-size-fitsall ‘participatory' model in an attempt to socially engineer rules and institutions. In communities divided by factionalism the use of such external models that stress formation of committees are unlikely to yield positive results, and could instead contribute to undermining the very systems they seek to support. This research argues that irrigation interventions should take care to build upon the rich and complex social arrangements that have sustained FMIS through the centuries.

关键词： Farmer-managed irrigation systems Institutional arrangements Government Aga Khan Rural Support Programme Shigar valley Karakorum

Emergence of the Wallerian degeneration pathway as a mechanism of secondary brain injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第5期16卷 980-981页

作者： Ciaran Scott hill Andrea Loreto National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery University College London HospitalsUCL Cancer InstituteUniversity College LondonLondonUK jon Van Geest Centre for Brain Repair University of CambridgeCambridgeUK

Augustus Volney Wal ler was a renowned British neurophysiologist who birthed the axon degeneration field in 1850 by describing curdling and fragmentation of the glossopharyngeal and hypoglossal cranial nerves of a frog following a transection *** degeneration of axons after a transection injury is now known as Wallerian degeneration(WD).Waller’s work was expanded by Santiago Ramón y Cajal who described in detail the morphological stages of WD from monitory fragmentation of the axon and the granular disintegration of the neurofibrils to the final resorption of the axon.

关键词： degeneration nerves Wallerian

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百年组织的长寿秘方

Chaos in a Damped Power System

商业评论 2024年第2期 136-141页

作者：亚历克斯·希尔(Alex hill) 石小竹金斯顿大学(Kings-ton University) 杜克企业教育学院(Duke CE)

靠追求增长、控制成本就能维持基业长青吗?事实并非如此.初创企业很少能活过第二个生日.就现状来看,就算英美成熟企业,寿命一般也只有15年.你的企业如何才能对抗这一趋势?这一问题引发了一项为期13年的研究,其宗旨在于:探究为什么如此...

靠追求增长、控制成本就能维持基业长青吗?事实并非如此.初创企业很少能活过第二个生日.就现状来看,就算英美成熟企业,寿命一般也只有15年.你的企业如何才能对抗这一趋势?这一问题引发了一项为期13年的研究,其宗旨在于:探究为什么如此之多的企业正在走向消亡,揭示高失败率背后的信念和行为,以及我们应当如何改变行为方式.

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journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics 1991年第1期2卷 42-50页

作者： j.Xie D.j.hill Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The University of Newcastle NSW 2308 AustraliaDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering The University of Newcastle NSW 2308 Australia

The analytical investigation of a damped power system has been made based on Holmes and Marsden's theorems. The condition for the occurrence of chaotic motions in the system is that the damping factor has to possess n... 详细信息

关键词： Chaos Melnikov function Homoclinic orbit Horseshoe map Strange attractor.

Soybean aphid intrabiotype variability based on colonization of specific soybean genotypes

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Insect Science 2015年第6期22卷 785-792页

作者： Michelle Pawlowski Curtis B. hill David j. Voegtlin Glen L. Hartman Department of Crop Sciences National Soybean Research Center University of Illinois Urbana Illinois USA Center for EconomicEntomology Illinois Natural History Survey University of Illinois Champaign Illinois USA USDA Agricultural Research Service National Soybean Research Center University of Illinois Urbana Illinois USA

The soybean aphid, Aphis glycines Matsumura （Hemiptera： Aphididae）, is one of the most destructive insect pests on soybeans in the United States. One method for managing this pest is through host plant resistance. Since its arrival in 2000, 4 aphid biotypes have been identified that are able to overcome soybean aphid resistance （Rag） genes. A soybean aphid isolate collected from Moline, Illinois readily colonized soybean plants with the soybean aphid resistance gene Rag2, unlike biotypes 1 and 2, but similar to soybean aphid biotype 3. Two no-choice experiments compared the virulence of the Moline isolate with biotype 3. In both experiments, differences in aphid population counts were not significant （P 〉 0.05） on soybean genotypes LD08-12957a （Rag2） and LD11-5413a （Rag2）, but the aphid counts for the Moline isolate were significantly （P 〈 0.05） lower than the aphid counts for the biotype 3 isolate on the soybean genotypes Dowling （Rag1）, LD05-16611 （Rag1）, LD11-4576a （Rag1）, and P1567598B （raglb and rag3）. The Moline isolate was a variant of aphid biotype 3, which is the first report showing that soybean aphid isolates classified as the same biotype, based on virulence against specific Rag genes, can differ in aggressiveness or ability to colonize specific host genotypes.

关键词： Aphis glycines biotype biotype variant soybean soybean aphid resistance

Risk Information Sources for Snow Disaster Risk Preparedness in Scotland

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International journal of Disaster Risk Science 2021年第6期12卷 854-866页

作者： josephine Adekola Fabrice Renaud Carol hill Adam Smith Business School University of GlasgowGlasgow G128QQ.UK School of Interdisciplinary Studies.University of Glasgow.Dumfries DG14ZL UK

Heavy snow disruptions are common and costly occurrences in the UK,including ***,heavy snow remains an underresearched aspect of disaster risks in *** study critically examined the 2018 heavy snow event in Scotland referred to as the“Beast from the East”(BfE)in order to explore the different sources of information used by the public in preparation for and response to heavy snow *** study also examined the effectiveness of BfE risk communication between authorities and the public and sought to determine if there is a relationship between risk information received and the intention to mitigate *** were collected through a semistructured survey from(n=180)residents of the Annandale and Eskdale region of Dumfries and Galloway,*** analysis shows that public authority information sources were the most sought-after information sources,followed by online and web *** found statistically significant differences between groups(such as age,gender,and mobility/disability)in terms of using risk information *** analysis shows that the relationship between information received and the intention to mitigate risks is not linear but influenced by intervening variables such as work pressures,financial commitment,and stakeholders’*** argue that where full adherence to official risk advice is required,policymakers should carefully consider issues around these three factors.

关键词： Disaster preparedness Heavy snow Risk information sources Risk perception Scotland

Autophagy in pulmonary fibrosis:friend or foe?

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Genes & Diseases 2022年第6期9卷 1594-1607页

作者： Charlotte hill Yihua Wang Biological Sciences Faculty of Environmental and Life SciencesUniversity of SouthamptonSouthampton SO171BJUK Institute for Life Sciences University of SouthamptonSouthampton SO171BJUK

Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved process where long-lived and damaged organelles are *** has been widely associated with several ageing-process as well in diseases such as neurodegeneration,cancer and fibrosis,and is now being utilised as a target in these *** pulmonary fibrosis(IPF)is a progressive,interstitial lung disease with limited treatment options *** is characterised by abnormal extracellular matrix(ECM)deposition by activated *** is understood that repetitive microinjuries to aged-alveolar epithelium combined with genetic factors drive the *** groups have demonstrated that autophagy is altered in IPF although whether autophagy has a protective effect or not is yet to be *** has also been shown to influence many other processes including epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT)and endothelialmesenchymal transition(EndMT)which are known to be key in the pathogenesis of *** this review,we summarise the findings of evidence of altered autophagy in IPF lungs,as well as examine its roles within lung *** these findings,together with the growing use of autophagy manipulation in a clinical setting,this is an exciting area for further research in the study of lung fibrosis.

关键词： Ageing Autophagy EMT Fibrosis IPF