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Impact of guideline adherence and race on asthma control in children

World Journal of Pediatrics 2021年第5期17卷 500-507页

作者： Shahid I.Sheikh Nancy A.Ryan-Wenger Judy Pitts Rodney Britt Jr Grace Paul lisa ulrich Department of Pediatrics The Ohio State University College of MedicineColumbus.OH.USA Section of Pulmonary Medicine Nationwide Children's HospitalED 544 Education Building700 Children's DriveColumbusOHUSA Department of Perinatal Research Wexner Research CenterColumbusOH.USA

Background Asthma control in African Americans(AA)is considered more difficult to achieve than in Caucasian Americans(CA).The aim of this study was to compare asthma control over time among AA and CA children w hose asthma is managed per NAEPP(EPR-3)*** This was a one-year prospective study of children referred by their primary care physicians for better asthma care in a specialty asthma *** children received asthma care per NAEPP *** were compared between CA and AA children at baseline and then at three-month intervals for one *** Of the 345 children,ages 2-17 years(mean=6.2±4),220(63.8%)were CA and 125(36.2%)were *** were no significant differences in demographics other than greater pet ownership in CA *** baseline,AA children had significantly more visits to the Emergency Department for acute asthma symptoms(mean=2.3±3)compared to CA(1.4±23,P=0.003).There were no other significant differences in acute care utilization,asthma symptoms(mean days/month),or mean asthma control test(ACT)scores at base *** 3-6 months,in both groups,mean ACT scores,asthma symptoms and acute care utilization significantly improved(P<0.05 for all)and change over time in both groups was comparable except for a significantly greater decrease in ED visits in AA children compared to CA children(P=002).Conclusion Overall,improvement in asthma control during longitudinal assessment was similar between AA and CA children because of consistent use of NAEPP asthma care guidelines.

关键词： Asthma Asthma control Children Guideline adherence Race

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On the Strong Limit Theorems for Double Arrays of Blockwise M-dependent Random Variables

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2011年第10期27卷 1923-1934页

作者： ulrich STADTMULLER Department of Number and Probability Theory Ulm University 89069 Ulm Germany

For a double array of blockwise M-dependent random variables {Xmn,m ≥ 1,n ≥ 1}, ∑i^m=1 ∑^nj=1 strong laws of large numbers are established for double sums ∑m i=1 ∑j^n=1 ij, m≥ 1, n 〉 1. The main results are obtained for （i） random variables {Xmn, m≥ 1, n ≥ 1} being non-identically distributed but satisfy a condition on the summability condition for the moments and （ii） random variables {Xmn, m ≥ 1, n ≥ 1} being stochastically dominated. The result in Case （i） generalizes the main result of M6ricz et al. [J. Theoret. Probab., 21, 660-671 （2008）] from dyadic to arbitrary blocks, whereas the result in Case （ii） extends a result of Gut [Ann. Probab., 6, 469-482 （1978）] to the bockwise M-dependent setting. The sharpness of the results is illustrated by some examples.

关键词： Blockwise M-dependent random variables strong law of large numbers double arrays of random variables almost sure convergence

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Multidimensional separation due to selective spherical agglomeration—Evidence of shape separation via X-ray microtomography

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Particuology 2021年第5期19卷 316-323页

作者： Julia Schreier ulrich Brockel University of Applied Sciences Trier Institute for Micro-Process-Engineering and Particle Technology(IMiP)Umwelt-Campus BirkenfeldP.O.Box 1380D-55761 BirkenfeldGermany

Objective of this work was to develop a novel method for characterizing real 3D shapes of particles smaller than 20μm by X-ray microtomography(X-RMT).Multidimensional separation of heterogenous solids through agglomeration in suspension will improve recycling processes as the particle shape and the agglomerate size are used for shape-selective *** the present paper we discuss the fundamentals of X-ray tomography and the experimental setup for selective spherical agglomeration in suspension.A specific preparation method of the particulate sample for X-RMT followed by 3D image processing,are essential for the shape analysis expressed as *** also discuss the limitation of this method due to the so-called Partial Volume Effect and particle clusters in the order of magnitude of X-RMT *** proof of concept,we used a mixture of graphite platelets and spheronized graphite particles for a shape selective-agglomeration in *** remaining fines were analyzed and showed more platelets than in the *** indicates that spheronized particles are preferably bound in the *** findings show that,based on the discussed sample preparation and a 3D image analysis in connection with X-RMT,particle shapes of micronized particles can be discriminated.

关键词： Multidimensional separation X-ray microtomography Selective agglomeration Particle shape Graphite

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Seismic Hazard Assessment of District Mansehra,Khyber Pakhtoonkhawa,Pakistan

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2014年第4期88卷 1157-1168页

作者： MONA lisa COMSATS Institute of Information Technology(CIIT) Islamabad PakistanDepartment of Earth SciencesQuaid-i-Azam University

The site of Mansehra is located seismically in an active regime, known as the Crystalline Nappe Zone and Hazara-Kashmir Syntaxis in NW Himalayas, Pakistan. Seismic Hazard Assessment （SHA） for the site has been carried out by considering the earthquake source zones, selection of appropriate attenuation equations, near fault effects and maximum potential magnitude estimation. The Mansehra Thrust, Oghi Fault, Banna Thrust, Balakot Shear Zone, Main Boundary Thrust, Panjal Thrust, Jhelum Fault and Muzaffarabad Fault and, further to the south, the Sanghargali, Nathiagali, and Thandiani Thrusts are the most critical tectonic features within the 50 km radius of Mansehra. Using the available instrumental seismological data from 1904 to 2007, SHA has been carried out. Other reactivated critical tectonic features in the area have been investigated. Among them the Balakot-Bagh fault, with the fault length of 120 km from Balakot to Poonch, has been considered as the most critical tectonic feature on the basis of geological/structural/seismological data. The potential earthquake of maximum magnitude 7.8 has been assigned to the Balakot-Bagh fault using four regression relations. The peak ground acceleration value of 0.25 g （10% probability of exceedance for 50 years） and 0.5 g has been calculated with the help of the attenuation equation using probabilistic and deterministic approaches.

关键词： Seismic Hazard Assessment Mansehra District NW Himalayas Pakistan Probabilistic and Deterministic Approaches Balakot-Bagh Fault

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Cervical spinal cord injury: tailoring clinical trial endpoints to reflect meaningful functional improvements

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Neural Regeneration Research 2014年第16期9卷 1493-1497页

作者： lisa M.Bond lisa McKerracher BioAxone BioSciences Inc.Cambridge MA USA McGill University Department of Neurology and NeurosurgeryMontreal Quebec Canada

Cervical spinal cord injury （SCI） results in partial to full paralysis of the upper and lower extrem- ities. Traditional primary endpoints for acute SCI clinical trials are too broad to assess functional recovery in cervical subjects, raising the possibility of false positive outcomes in trials for cervical SCI. Endpoints focused on the recovery of hand and arm control （e.g., upper extremity motor score, motor level change） show the most potential for use as primary outcomes in upcoming trials of cervical SCI. As the field moves forward, the most reliable way to ensure meaningful clinical testing in cervical subjects may be the development of a composite primary endpoint that measures both neurological recovery and functional improvement.

关键词： spinal cord injury SCI cervical clinical trial endpoint Cethrin UEMS

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MICROSTRUCTURE CHARACTERIZATION OF LiCoO_2 COATINGS FOR MOLTEN CARBONATE FUEL CELLS COMPONENTS

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2002年第2期15卷 182-185页

作者： Klein lisa College of Materials Science and Engineering Fuzhou University Fuzhou 350002 Rutgers University 美国 Evercel Co. Connecticut 美国

The sol-gel process, sing aqueous solutions, is used for dip coating ontosubstrates of 316L stainless steel. A suitable coating of Li CoO_2 is achieved by varying thethickness and heat treating at 650 deg C for 3 h. Thermal analysis, X-ray diffraction analysis andSEM are carried out to characterize the microstructure of the coatings. The results show that thecoating transforms from an amorphous gel to crystalline phases above 350 deg C, and show a porousstructure. The phase transition mechanism is discussed.

关键词： Molten carbonate fuel cells Sol-gel LiCoO_2 coating Crystalline phasetransition

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The Neglected Role of Risk Mitigation Perception in the Risk Governance of Underground Technologies——The Example of Induced Seismicity

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2020年第5期11卷 630-639页

作者： lisa Haemmerli Michael Stauffacher D-USYS Transdisciplinarity Lab Department of Environmental Systems Science(D-USYS)ETH Zurich(Swiss Federal Institute of Technology/Eidgenossische Technische Hochschule)8092 ZurichSwitzerland

Subsurface technologies,such as geothermal energy and carbon capture and storage,are options to help limit global *** tech no logies involve the risk of induced *** successful implementation of these technologies depends on the public perception of these *** governance frameworks propose assessing the level of public concern and designing adapted risk mitigation *** propose that concerns should not only be investigated with respect to the perceived risks but also with respect to the potential mitigation *** explore this by analyzing the perception of risk mitigation measures for different subsurface *** an online survey(N=808)in Switzerland we analyzed four technologies(in-between subject design)and four mitigation measures(within subject design).We found that risk mitigation measures are perceived differently,within and across ***,public concerns about risk mitigation really *** suggest that future research should focus on how risk mitigation measures can be applied and communicated to realize the full potential of risk governance frameworks.

关键词： Carbon capture and storage Enhanced geothermal systems Induced seismicity Risk mitigation perception Shale gas Switzerland

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Overlap syndromes among autoimmune liver diseases

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第21期14卷 3368-3373页

作者： Christian Rust ulrich Beuers Department of Medicine Ⅱ Klinikum GrosshadernUniversity of MunichMunich 81377Germany Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology Academic Medical CenterUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdam NL-1100 DEThe Netherlands

The three major immune disorders of the liver are autoimmune hepatitis(AIH),primary biliary cirrhosis(PBC) and primary sclerosing cholangitis(PSC).Variant forms of these diseases are generally called overlap syndromes,although there has been no standardised *** with overlap syndromes present with both hepatitic and cholestatic serum liver tests and have histological features of AIH and PBC or *** AIH-PBC overlap syndrome is the most common form,affecting almost 10% of adults with AIH or *** cases of AIH and autoimmune cholangitis(AMA-negative PBC) overlap syndrome have also been *** AIH-PSC overlap syndrome is predominantly found in children,adolescents and young adults with AIH or ***,transitions from one autoimmune to another have also been reported in a minority of patients,especially transitions from PBC to AIH-PBC overlap *** syndromes show a progressive course towards liver cirrhosis and liver failure without *** for overlap syndromes is empiric,since controlled trials are not available in these rare *** therapy with ursodeoxycholic acid is usually combined with immunosuppressive therapy with corticosteroids and/or azathioprine in both AIH-PBC and AIH-PSC overlap *** end-stage disease,liver transplantation is the treatment of choice.

关键词： Autoimmune hepatitis Immunosuppressive agents Primary biliary cirrhosis Primary sclerosing cholangitis Ursodeoxycholic acid

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Ursodeoxycholic acid treatment of vanishing bile duct syndromes

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第22期12卷 3487-3495页

作者： Thomas Pusi ulrich Beuers Department of Medicine Ⅱ Klinikum Grosshadern University of MunichGermany

Vanishing bile duct syndromes （VBDS） are characterized by progressive loss of small intrahepatic ducts caused by a variety of different diseases leading to chronic cholestasis, cirrhosis, and premature death from liver failure. The majority of adult patients with VBDS suffer from primary biliary cirrhosis （PBC） and primary sclerosing cholangitis （PSC）. Ursodeoxycholic acid （UDCA）, a hydrophilic dihydroxy bile acid, is the only drug currently approved for the treatment of patients with PBC, and anticholestatic effects have been reported for several other cholestatic syndromes. Several potential mechanisms of action of UDCA have been proposed including stimulation of hepatobiliary secretion, inhibition of apoptosis and protection of cholangiocytes against toxic effects of hydrophobic bile acids.

关键词： Cholestasis Primary biliary cirrhosis Primary sclerosing cholangitis Secretion Signaling Transport Ursodeoxycholic acid Vanishing bile duct syndrome

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AN ANALYTICAL SOLUTION FOR CALCULATING THE INITIATION OF SEDIMENT MOTION

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2007年第2期22卷 87-102页

作者： Thomas LUCKNER ulrich ZANKE Groundwater Research Institute DresdenGermany Institute for Hydraulic Engineering Darmstadt University of TechnologyGermany

This paper presents an analytical solution for calculating the initiation of sediment motion and the risk of river bed movement. It thus deals with a fundamental problem in sediment transport, for which no complete analytical solution has yet been found. The analytical solution presented here is based on forces acting on a single grain in state of initiation of sediment motion. The previous procedures for calculating the initiation of sediment motion are complemented by an innovative combination of optical surface measurement technology for determining geometrical parameters and their statistical derivation as well as a novel approach for determining the turbulence effects of velocity fluctuations. This two aspects and the comparison of the solution functions presented here with the well known data and functions of different authors mainly differ the presented solution model for calculating the initiation of sediment motion from previous approaches. The defined values of required geometrical parameters are based on hydraulically laboratory tests with spheres. With this limitations the derivated solution functions permit the calculation of the effective critical transport parameters of a single grain, the calculation of averaged critical parameters for describing the state of initiation of sediment motion on the river bed, the calculation of the probability density of the effective critical velocity as well as the calculation of the risk of river bed movement. The main advantage of the presented model is the closed analytical solution from the equilibrium of forces on a single grain to the solution functions describing the initiation of sediment motion.

关键词： Incipient motion Initiation of sediment motion Sediment transport Bed load movement Risk analysis Risk of river bed movement Optical surface measurement

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