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Challenges and opportunities for managing pediatric central nervous system tumors in China

Pediatric Investigation 2020年第3期4卷 211-217页

作者： Anthony Pak-Yin Liu Daniel CMoreira Chenchen Sun lisa krull Yijin Gao Bo Yang Chenran Zhang Kejun He Xiaojun Yuan Godfrey Chi-Fung Chan Xiaofei Sun Xiaoli Ma Ibrahim AQaddoumi Department of Oncology St.Jude Children’s Research HospitalMemphisTNUSA Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine Li Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Global Pediatric Medicine St.Jude Children’s Research HospitalMemphisTNUSA Department of Hematology/Oncology Shanghai Children's Medical CenterSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina Department of Neurosurgery Shanghai Children's Medical CenterSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina Pediatric Neurological Disease Centre Xinhua HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology Xinhua HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine Hong Kong Children's HospitalHong KongChina Department of Pediatric Oncology State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineSun Yat-Sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouChina Hematology Oncology Center Beijing Children's HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina

Central nervous system(CNS)tumors represent the most deadly cancer in pediatric age *** China,thousands of children are diagnosed with CNS tumors every *** the improving socioeconomic status and availability of medical expertise within the country,unique challenges remain for the delivery of pediatric neuro-oncology *** this review,we discuss the existing hurdles for improving the outcome of children with CNS tumors in *** for precise disease burden estimation,lack of intra-and inter-hospital collaborative networks,high probability of treatment abandonment,along with financial toxicities from treatment represent the key challenges that Chinese healthcare providers *** tremendous opportunities for advancing the status of pediatric neuro-oncology care in and beyond the country are explored.

关键词： Pediatric cancer Central nervous system tumor China Multi-disciplinary team Collaboration

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Determination of slug permeability factor for pressure drop prediction of slug flow pneumatic conveying

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Particuology 2008年第5期6卷 307-315页

作者： Kenneth C.Williams Mark G.Jones Tobias krull Centre for Bulk Solids and Particulate Technology The University of NewcastleCallaghanNSW 2308Australia

Current models for pressure drop prediction of slug flow pneumatic conveying in a horizontal pipeline system assume some type of steady state conditions for prediction, which limits their capability for increased predictive accuracy relative to experimental data. This is partly because of the nature of slug flow pneumatic conveying system, which, as a dynamic system, never becomes stable. By utilising conservation of mass （airflow）, a dynamic pressure analysis model is proposed on the basis of the derivative of the upstream pressure behaviour. The rate of air permeation through slug, one of the important factors in the conservation model, is expressed as a function of a slug permeability factor. Other factors such as slug velocity, slug length and the fraction of stationary layer were also considered. Several test materials were conveyed in single-slug tests to verify the proposed pressure drop model, showing good agreement between the model and experimental results.

关键词： Slug flow pneumatic conveying Pressure drop Air mass conversation Slug permeability factor

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CFD–DEM simulation of fine particles in a spouted bed apparatus with a Wurster tube

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Particuology 2019年第1期17卷 114-125页

作者： Paul Breuninger Dominik Weis Isabell Behrendt Philipp Grohn Fabian krull Sergiy Antonyuk Institute of Particle Process Engineering University of KaiserslauternGottlieb Daimler Str.. KaiserslauternGermany

In this work, a coupled computational fluid dynamics–discrete element method (CFD–DEM) approach was employed to evaluate the spouting behavior of fine, cohesive powders in a cylindrical spouted bed with a conical base and equipped with a Wurster tube. The particle and gas dynamics inside the apparatus were simulated with 1.7 million spherical ZrO2 particles with a particle size of 100 μm. For an accurate prediction of the interactions of cohesive particles in the spouted bed, the adhesion forces according to JKR theory were included in the Hertz–Tsuji contact model. The surface energy of the particles was varied over a wide range to determine the effect of the adhesion on the spouting (the fountain shape and maximum height as well as the distribution of the concentrations and velocities of particles in different zones of the apparatus). A detailed analysis of the collision dynamics was conducted. The spouting behavior of a spouted bed with the same dimensions, particles, and processing parameters was recorded with a high-speed camera. The CFD–DEM simulations showed good agreement with the experimentally captured spouting behavior.

关键词： CFD–DEM Spouted bed Wurster tube Cohesive powder

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Microstructuring of titanium surfaces with plasma-modified titanium particles by cold spraying

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Particuology 2019年第3期17卷 90-104页

作者： P. Breuninger F. krull S. Buhl A. Binder R. Merz M. Kopnarski B. Sachweh S. Antonyuk Technische Universitat Kaiserslautern Institute of Particle Process Engineering Kaiserslautern Germany BASFSE Ludwigshafen Germany IFOS GmbH Institute for Surface and Thin Film Analysis GmbH Kaiserslautern Germany

Although the deposition mechanisms of the cold spray process are well studied, few reports regarding the use of surface-modified particles exist. Herein, titanium particles 3-39 μm in size and with an angular shape were modified in a plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition process in Ar, Ar-C2H2, and N2 plasmas. After Ar-C2H2 and N2 treatments, the respective presence of TiC and TiN on the particle surface was confirmed via transmission electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray, X-ray photoelectron, and Raman spectroscopies. The powders were deposited on titanium substrates by cold spray experiments, where unmodified particles up to 10(xm in size exhibited a successful surface bon ding. This finding was described by an existing analytical model, whose parameters were achieved by computational fluid dynamics simulations taking the particle shape factor into account:. A good deposition of plasma-modified particles up to 30 μm in size was experimentally observed, exhibiting an upper size limit larger than that predicted by the model. Higher surface roughness values were found for plasmamodified particles, as determined by 3D scanning electron microscopy. The water contact angle indicated that argon treatment influenced the wettability. Tribological tests showed a decrease of the initial friction coefficient from 0.53 to 0.47 by microstructuring.

关键词： Chemical vapor deposition Cold spray Surface modification Computational fluid dynamics

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Decreased incidence followed by comeback of pediatric infections during the COVID‑19 pandemic in Japan

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2022年第8期18卷 564-567页

作者： Cyrus Ghaznavi Haruka Sakamoto Takayuki Kawashima Sayaka Horiuchi Masahiro Ishikane Sarah krull Abe Daisuke Yoneoka Akifumi Eguchi Yuta Tanoue Masahiro Hashizume Shuhei Nomura Department of Health Policy and Management School of MedicineKeio University35 ShinanomachiShinjuku-kuTokyo 160-8582Japan Medical Education Program Washington University School of Medicine in St.LouisSaint LouisUSA Department of Global Health Policy Graduate School of MedicineThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan Tokyo Foundation for Policy Research TokyoJapan Department of Hygiene and Public Health Tokyo Women’s Medical UniversityTokyoJapan Department of Mathematical and Computing Science Tokyo Institute of TechnologyTokyoJapan Center for Birth Cohort Studies University of YamanashiYamanashiJapan Disease Control and Prevention Center National Center for Global Health and MedicineTokyoJapan Division of Prevention National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer ControlTokyoJapan Infectious Disease Surveillance Center National Institute of Infectious DiseasesTokyoJapan Department of Sustainable Health Science Center for Preventive Medical SciencesChiba UniversityChibaJapan Institute for Business and Finance Waseda UniversityTokyoJapan

During the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic,the Japanese government implemented several infection control measures,such as states of emergency(SoE)and school closures,and encouraged universal masking and hand *** activity restrictions and improved hygiene were found to be associated with declines in the incidence of infuenza during the 2019–2020 winter season[1].Prior studies have found that the incidence of seven pediatric infections,such as pharyngoconjunctivitis and varicella,decreased during and after the school closures in Japan[2].As activity restrictions continue to be lifted,there is growing concern that pediatric infections may suddenly return given that the pool of susceptible children increased during the pandemic[3].In this study,we use national infectious disease sentinel data from January 2012 to October 2021 to assess changes in the reported number of pediatric infections in Japan during the COVID-19 *** hypothesize that the reporting of many infectious diseases decreased during the early stages of the pandemic but ultimately returned to normal when activity restrictions were lifted.

关键词： closure return suddenly

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A Biomimetic Gellan-Based Hydrogel as a Physicochemical Biofilm Model

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Journal of Biomaterials and Nanobiotechnology 2014年第2期5卷 83-97页

作者： Jan Hellriegel Steffi Gunther Ingo Kampen Antonio Bolea Albero Arno Kwade Markus Bol Rainer krull Institute of Biochemical Engineering Technische Universitat BraunschweigBraunschweigGermany Institute for Particle Technology Technische Universitat BraunschweigBraunschweigGermany Institute of Solid Mechanics Technische Universitat BraunschweigBraunschweigGermany

Biofilm-forming microorganisms are ubiquitous, but continuous cultivation of these microorganisms with predictable biofilm growth and structural properties remains challenging. The development of a reliable simulated biofilm has been limited by a lack of information about the microorganism subpopulations and fluid-structure interactions involved in biofilm formation and detachment due to mechanical stress. This paper presents a gellan-based hydrogel as an alternative material for a simulated physicochemical biofilm. The mechanical properties of the hydrogel in terms of the storage (G') and loss (G'') moduli can be tuned and adapted to imitate biofilms of different strengths by changing the concentration of gellan and mono(Na+) or divalent (Mg2+) ions. The storage modulus of the hydrogel ranges from 2 to 20 kPa, and the loss modulus ranges from 0.1 to 2.0 kPa. The material constants of the hydrogels and biofilms of Pseudomonas putida KT2440 were experimentally determined by rheometric analysis. A simplified biofilm imitate based on highly hydrolyzed gellan hydrogels was established by using experimental design techniques that permitted independent analyses regardless of growth. This model system design was compared to real biofilms and was adapted to mimic the mechanical properties of biofilms by changing the hydrogel composition, resulting in biofilm-like viscoelastic behavior. The use of a gellan-based hydrogel enables the imitation of biofilm behavior in the absence of growth effects, thus simplifying the system. Biofilm characterization tools can be tested and verified before their application to the measurement of slow-growing, highly variable biofilms to estimate system errors, which are often smaller than the biological variations. In general, this method permits faster and more reliable testing of biofilm mechanical properties.

关键词： Biofilm Mechanics Gellan Based Hydrogel Viscoelasticity Design of Experiments(DoE) Surface Response Methodology

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三种SOI材料工艺的电气和辐射特性

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微电子学 1989年第5期19卷 84-91页

作者： Wade A.krull 倪沛然哈里斯半导体公司

近来,人们正在开发许多种绝缘体上硅膜(SOI)材料工艺。这些工艺的每种电气或物理特性都会影响其潜在应用。本文描述了哈里斯半导体公司开发的三种SOI材料工艺的特性研究,即SIMOS,按比例缩小介质隔离及圆片粘合工艺。本文还评论了这些材... 详细信息

近来,人们正在开发许多种绝缘体上硅膜(SOI)材料工艺。这些工艺的每种电气或物理特性都会影响其潜在应用。本文描述了哈里斯半导体公司开发的三种SOI材料工艺的特性研究,即SIMOS,按比例缩小介质隔离及圆片粘合工艺。本文还评论了这些材料质量的现状,报道了制成的典型CMOS器件的电气及辐射的响应特性,并评述了这三种工艺的生存能力。

关键词： SOI材料电气辐射特性

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