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Interactions between Axillary Branches of Arabidopsis

作者： edited by Jim heimann [written by] Alison A. Nieder.

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Molecular Plant 2008年第2期1卷 388-400页

作者： Veronica Ongaro Katherine Bainbridge lisa Williamson Ottoline Leyser Department of Biology University of York PO Box 373--Area 11York YO10 5YW UK Present address: Institute of Plant Sciences University of Bern CH-3013 Bern Switzerland

Studies of apical dominance have benefited greatly from two-branch assays in pea and bean, in which the shoot system is trimmed back to leave only two active cotyledonary axillary branches. In these two-branch shoots, a large body of evidence shows that one actively growing branch is able to inhibit the growth of the other, prompting studies on the nature of the inhibitory signals, which are still poorly understood. Here, we describe the establishment of two-branch assays in Arabidopsis, using consecutive branches on the bolting stem. As with the classical studies in pea and bean, these consecutive branches are able to inhibit one another＇s growth. Not only can the upper branch inhibit the lower branch, but also the lower branch can inhibit the upper branch, illustrating the bi-directional action of the inhibitory signals. Using mutants, we show that the inhibition is partially dependent on the MAX pathway and that while the inhibition is clearly transmitted across the stem from the active to the inhibited branch, the vascular connectivity of the two branches is weak, and the MAX pathway is capable of acting unilaterally in the stem.

关键词： shoot branching auxin MAX vascularization.

Going only half the way:cell cycle exit after the G1 restriction point

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第1期9卷 1-2页

作者： lisa Muller Tony Gutschner Mechthild Hatzfeld Department of Pathobiochemistry Institute of Molecular MedicineMartin Luther University Halle-WittenbergCharles Tanford Protein Research CenterHalleGermany Department of RNA Biology and Pathogenesis Institute of Molecular MedicineMartin Luther University Halle-WittenbergCharles Tanford Protein Research CenterHalleGermany

In a recent article published in Nature,James *** et *** that cyclin A2 levels determine whether cells will make an entrance into mitosis or whether cells will leave the cell cycle after having passed the G1/restriction(R)-point implicating that the decision is fully reversible(Fig.1).This ground-breaking study could impact future approaches for cancer treatment by targeting the mitotic clock.

关键词： point cycle

A Harmony-Based Approach to Student Diversity

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ECNU Review of Education 2024年第3期7卷 573-597页

作者： lisa Yiu Stanford University

Purpose:Inspired by Kuan-Hsing Chen's“Asia as method,”this study investigates a multicultural approach to *** East Asia as the frame of reference,this study explores multicultur-alism in middle school classrooms in Chinese ***/Approach/Methods:Semistructured interviews were conducted with principals,admin-istrators,and teachers at a middle school known for its diversity *** were coded based on the conceptual framework and emergent themes analyzed using ***:Findings elucidate the harmony-oriented multicultural approach adopted by administrators and teachers to empower the youth to embrace their ethnic *** approach was characterized by three Confucian-influenced features:whole-person develop-ment,strengthening of the collective school unit,and a school decision-making approach prioritizing“fairness.”OriginalityValue:This study investigates the multicultural responses of teachers and schools to student diversity through a nondeficit lens in East Asia,revealing the harmony-oriented prac-tices adopted in this *** addition to establishing a foundation for East Asian scholars to explore how teachers respond to student diversity in their respective contexts through an asset lens,the findings of this study advance our understanding of how to recognize differences and maintain social cohesion.

关键词： Asia as method harmony student diversity teacher practices

Genome-wide association studies for inflorescence type and remontancy in Hydrangea macrophylla

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Horticulture Research 2020年第1期7卷 2477-2485页

作者： Xingbo Wu lisa W.Alexander Oak Ridge Institute of Science and Technology Otis L.Floyd Nursery Research Center472 Cadillac LaneMcMinnvilleTNUSA U.S.Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research ServiceU.S.National ArboretumFloral and Nursery Plants Research UnitOtis L.Floyd Nursery Research Center472 Cadillac LaneMcMinnvilleTNUSA

Inflorescence type and remontancy are two valuable traits in bigleaf hydrangea(Hydrangea macrophylla L.)and both are recessively *** marker-assisted selection(MAS)can greatly reduce the time necessary to breed cultivars with desired *** this study,a genome-wide association study(GWAS)using 5803 single-nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)was performed using a panel of 82 bigleaf hydrangea *** SNP locus(Hy_CAPS_Inflo)associated with inflorescence type was identified with general linear model(GLM)and mixed linear model(MLM)methods that explained 65.5%and 36.1%of the phenotypic variations,***-three SNPs associated with remontancy were detected in GLM whereas no SNP was detected in *** SNP locus(Hy_CAPS_Inflo)was converted to a cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence(CAPS)marker that showed absolute identification accuracy(100%)of inflorescence type in a validation panel consisting of eighteen *** *** SNP was investigated in 341 F1 progenies using genotyping by sequencing(GBS)and co-segregated with inflorescence type(χ^(2)=0.12;P=0.73).The SNP was subsequently used for breeding selection using kompetitive allele specific PCR(KASP)*** directions for the use of genomics and MAS in hydrangea breeding improvement are *** results presented in this study provide insights for further research on understanding genetic mechanisms behind inflorescence type and remontancy in *** CAPS and KASP markers developed here will be immediately useful for applying MAS to accelerate breeding improvement in hydrangea.

关键词： breeding cultivar CAPS

Eating as a motivated behavior:modulatory effect of high fat diets on energy homeostasis,reward processing and neuroinflammation

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Integrative Zoology 2018年第6期13卷 673-686页

作者： Michael J.BUTLER lisa A.ECKEL Department of Psychology and Program in Neuroscience Florida State UniversityTallahasseeFloridaUSA

Eating is a basic motivated behavior that provides fuel for the body and supports brain *** ensure survival,the brain’s feeding circuits are tuned to monitor peripheral energy balance and promote food-seeking behavior when energy stores are *** brain’s bias toward a positive energy state,which is necessary to ensure adequate nutrition during times of food scarcity,is evolutionarily conserved across mammalian species and is likely to drive overeating in the presence of a palatable,energy-dense *** models of diet-induced overeating have played a vital role in investigating how the drive to consume palatable food may override the homeostatic processes that serve to maintain energy *** animal models have provided valuable insights into the neurobiological mechanisms underlying homeostatic and non-homeostatic eating,motivation and food reward,and the development of obesity and related ***,we provide a brief review of this literature and discuss how diet-induced inflammation in the central nervous system impacts the neural control of food intake and regulation of body *** connection between diet and the immune system provides an exciting new direction for the study of ingestive behavior and the pathophysiology of obesity.

关键词： high fat diet inflammation obesity

Amount of polyhydramnios attributable to diabetes may be less than previously reported

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World Journal of Diabetes 2017年第1期8卷 7-10页

作者： lisa E Moore Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Texas Tech Health Sciences CenterEl PasoTX 79905United States

AIM To evaluate the frequency and the quantity of polyhydramnios attributable to diabetes in *** The charts of patients with a four-quadrant amniotic fluid index(AFI) ≥ 20 cm and either a diagnosis of diabetes or a diabetes screening test during the index pregnancy were retrospectively reviewed. AFI was stratified into 5 categories and the frequency of diabetes was evaluated for each group. The frequency of polyhydramnios attributable to diabetes was compared to the frequency of polyhydramnios in the setting of fetal anomalies or no known cause. RESULTS One thousand five hundred and forty-five patients were included in the study. Eight point five percent(n = 131) had diabetes and no other cause for polyhydramnios. Eleven point two percent(173) had antenatally diagnosed anomalies. For all categories of AFI except the largest(> 40.9 cm) the most common cause of polyhydramnios was idiopathic. In patients with diabetes the AFI was most likely to be between 26 cm and 35.9 *** The rate of polyhydramnios in this study is 8.5%. Patients with diabetes most commonly have mild polyhydramnios between 26 and 35.9 cm of fluid on a four-quadrant AFI.

关键词： Gestational diabetes Amniotic fluid index Diabetes in pregnancy Polyhydramnios

Exploring innovative synthetic solutions for advanced polymer-based electrochromic energy storage devices:Phenoxazine as a promising chromophore

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第4期91卷 433-452页

作者： Catalin-Paul Constantin Mihaela Balan-Porcarasu Gabriela lisa “Petru Poni”Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry Electroactive Polymers&Plasmochemistry Laboratory41A Grigore Ghica Voda AlleyIasi 700487Romania “Gh.Asachi”Technical University Iasi Faculty of Chemical EngineeringBd.Mangeron 71Iasi 700050Romania

The current investigation offers an innovative synthetic solution regarding electrochromic(EC)and energy storage applications by exploring phenoxazine(POZ)***,three POZ-based polymers(polyimide,polyazomethine,and polyamide)were synthesized to ascertain the superior *** polyamide exhibited remarkable attributes,including high redox stability during 500 repetitive CVs,optical contrast of 61.98%,rapid response times of 1.02 and 1.38 s for coloring and bleaching,EC efficiency of 280 cm^(2)C^(-1).and decays of the optical density and EC efficiency of only 12.18%and 6.23%after 1000 ***,the energy storage performance of polyamide PA was tested,for which the following parameters were obtained:74.7 F g^(-1)(CV,scan rate of 10 mV s^(-1))and 118 F g^(-1)(GCD,charging current of 0.1 A g^(-1)).Then,the polyamide was tested in EES devices,which yielded the following EC parameters:an optical contrast of 62.15%,response times of 9.24 and 5.01 s for coloring and bleaching,EC efficiency of 178 cm^(2)C^(-1),and moderate decays of 20.25%and 23.24%for the optical density and EC efficiency after 500 *** energy storage performance included a capacitance of 106 F g^(-1)(CV,scan rate of 0.1 mV s^(-1))and 9.23 F g^(-1)(GCD,charging current of 0.1 A g^(-1)),capacitance decay of 11.9%after500 cycles,and 1.7 V retention after 2 ***,two EES devices connected in series powered a 3 V LED for almost 30 s.

关键词： Polymers Phenoxazine Electrochromic Energy storage Electrochromi cenergy storage devices

When Virtues, Roles and Duties Fail: Early Greek and Chinese Accounts & Akrasia

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Frontiers of Philosophy in China 2019年第1期14卷 29-46页

作者： lisa Raphals Department of Comparative Literature and Languages University of California Riverside CA 92521-0321 USA

Both the Mohist canon and the works of Aristotle recognize that people sometimes fail to act according to virtues, roles and duties, what in a Western context is called akrasia or ''weakness of will," an important topic in both Greek and contemporary philosophy. I argue that questions of akrasia are treated different in the early Chinese and ancient Greek philosophy. Greek accounts focus on issues of will and control, while some Chinese thinkers treat akrasia as a lack of a skill, and the failure to act in the right way is less lack of will than lack of skill. I begin with a brief account of the problem of akrasia as first presented by Plato in the "Protagoras" and Republic, and developed by Aristotle in the Nicomachean Ethics. I then turn to akrasia in an early Chinese context, focusing on a very different Mohist view of akrasia as lack of a skill. Finally, I contrast the "skill" the Mohists find lacking with a very different account of skill in the Zhuangzi.

关键词： akrasia Aristotle Mozi "Protagoras "skill Zhuangzi