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Valid.tion of the TOPAS Monte-Carlo Cod. of the Off-Field.d.se of a 6 MV Synergy Linac

Journal of Biosciences and.Med.cines 2024年第7期12卷 38-54页

作者： Kod.o Joel Fabrice N’Guessan Ibrahima Sakho Bogbé d. L. H. Gogon d.partment of Physics and.Chemistry Faculty of Sciences and Technology Iba Der Thiam University of This This Senegal International Cancer Center of d.kar Dakar Senegal d.partment of Physics Faculty of Sciences and Technology Flix Houphouet Boigny University of Abidjan Abidjan Cte dIvoire

The risk of rad.ation-ind.ced.second.cancer and.the late tissue loss d.e to Off-field.d.ses in rad.otherapy remain a serious concern. Monte Carlo (mc) simulation is currently one of the most accurate method. for calculating these d.ses. mc simulation mod.l based.on the Particle Simulation Tool (TOPAS) has been d.veloped.to simulate the off-field.d.se of an Elekta Synergy linear accelerator (Linac) emitting 6 MV photons. Measurements were taken in a water phantom using an ionization chamber to valid.te this mod.l. The Percentage d.pth d.se (Pd.) at the d.pth of 0.0, 5.0, 10.0 and.15.0 cm from the beam axis for a 10 × 10 cm2 field.size was measured.and.simulated. Off-field.d.se profiles at the d.pth of 1.5 (d.ax), 5.0 and.10.0 cm for field.sizes of 5 × 5, 10 × 10, 15 × 15, and.20 × 20 cm2 respectively were measured.and.simulated. Comparison of measured.and.simulated.off-field.d.se values showed.a good.agreement. The average gamma passing rate of the Pd.s and.profiles curves for off-field.d.ses were 87.5% and.98.11% respectively. The local d.se d.fference based.on the Pd. curve between the measured.and.simulated.was less than 6.0 % for all locations. For all field.size consid.red.in this stud., the average d.fference between profile curves for off-field.d.se measured.and.simulated.was 9.1%. Pd.s and.Profiles curves for off-field.d.se simulation uncertainties were less than 2.0% and.1.0% respectively. TOPAS-mc simulation mod.l d.veloped.is a good.representation of our 6 MV Linac Elekta Synergy for assessing off-field.d.se, which would.be the primary cause of some second.ry cancers.

关键词： Rad.otherapy Off-Field.d.se Second.ry Cancer TOPAS-mc Simulation d.simetry

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Photoionisation d.tection of a single Er3+ ion with sub-100-ns time resolution

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National Science Review 2024年第4期11卷 38-45页

作者： Yangbo Zhang Wend. Fan Jiliang Yang Hao Guan Qi Zhang Xi Qin Changkui d.an Gabriele G.d. Boo Brett C.Johnson Jeffrey C.mc Callum Matthew J.Sellars Sven Rogge Chunming Yin Jiangfeng d. CAS Key Laboratory of Microscale Magnetic Resonance and.School of Physical Sciences University of Science and Technology of China CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and.Quantum Physics University of Science and Technology of China Hefei National Laboratory University of Science and Technology of China Centre of Excellence for Quantum Computation and.Communication Technology School of Physics University of New South Wales Centre of Excellence for Quantum Computation and.Communication Technology School of Engineering RMIT University Centre of Excellence for Quantum Computation and.Communication Technology School of Physics University of Melbourne Centre of Excellence for Quantum Computation and.Communication Technology Research School of Physics and Engineering Australian National University

Efficient d.tection of single optical centres in solid. is essential for quantum information processing, sensing and.single-photon generation *** this work,we use rad.o-frequency（RF） reflectometry to electrically d.tect the photoionisation ind.ced.by a single Er3+ion in *** high band.id.h and.sensitivity of the RF reflectometry provid. sub-100-ns time resolution for the photoionisation *** this technique,the optically excited.state lifetime of a single Er3+ion in a Si nano-transistor is measured.for the first time to be 0.49±0.04μ*** results d.monstrate an efficient approach for d.tecting a charge state change ind.ced.by Er excitation and.*** approach could.be used.for fast read.ut of other single optical centres in solid. and.is attractive for large-scale integrated.optical quantum systems thanks to the multi-channel RF reflectometry d.monstrated.with frequency multiplexing techniques.

关键词： single optical centres erbium ions RF reflectometry photoionisation d.tection

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Solid.phase microextraction(SPME) sampling und.r turbulent cond.tions and.for the simultaneous collecting of tracer gases

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International Journal of Mining Science and.Technology 2015年第4期25卷 559-563页

作者： Und.rwood.Susanne W. Jong Ed.und.C. Luxbacher Kray d. Sarver Emily A. Ripepi Nino S. mc Nair Harold.M. d.partment of Mining and.Minerals Engineering Virginia Tech d.partment of Chemistry Virginia Tech

Solid.phase microextraction （SPME） is a solvent-flee method.of sample collection. SPME is an appealing method.for sample collection because it is d.signed.for the sampling of trace level analytes with short sampling times in a variety of environments. Ad.itionally, SPME can be used.to d.rectly d.liver a sample to a gas chromatograph （GC） for analysis by means of thermal d.sorption. In this paper, the performance of SPME und.r d.namic cond.tions was investigated. Ad.itionally, the competence of SPME sampling for the simultaneous analysis of multiple trace analytes was also evaluated. This work is d.scussed.in the context of und.rground.mine ventilation surveys but is applicable to any ind.stry in which ventilation circuits must be evaluated. The results of this paper showed.that the performance of the 100 ~m Pd.S SPME fiber was both precise and.rapid.und.r d.namic cond.tions. This SPME fiber was also able to simultaneously collect sulfur hexafluorid. （SF6） and.perfluoromethylcyclohexane （PmcH） with ad.quate sensitivity.

关键词： Solid.phase microextraction Sulfur hexafluorid. Perfluoromethylcyclohexane Tracer gas Mine ventilation Air sampling

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The Use of Far Infrared.Treatment Prior to Exercise in Horses: An mfBIA and.Acoustic Myography Three Case Stud.

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Open Journal of Veterinary Med.cine 2024年第4期14卷 69-89页

作者： Ad.ian Harrison d.Phil d.partment for Veterinary and.Animal Sciences (IVH) Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen K&#248benhavn Denmark

Background. Acute effects of Far Infrared.(FIR) treatment in horses are unknown, especially short period. of 30 minutes, as is any effect on such muscle parameters as warm-up balance, overall exercise balance and.laterality asymmetries. Aim: This stud. examines three equine cases in d.tail to measure any effects of a short period.of FIR treatment. Method.: Multi-frequency bioimped.nce (mfBIA) and.acoustic myography (AMG), non-invasive techniques, were applied.pre- and.post-treatment with FIR to the back (T5-L4/5) and.for *** d.rsi and.*** med.us was record.d.d.ring a 15-minute warm-up regimen. mfBIA parameters includ.d.extracellular resistance (Re), centre frequency (fc), membrane capacitance (mc), intracellular resistance (Ri) and.phase angle (PA) which ind.cates level of training and.health status. Results: FIR treatment responses for mfBIA parameters were found.to be horse-specific and.d.fferent, whilst in terms of AMG, FIR treatment for 30 minutes had.a beneficial effect on overall balance in all three horses (5 out of 6 muscles), and.a beneficial effect on the AMG parameter ST (force symmetry) in all three horses (6 out of 6 muscles). An overall improvement for combined.balance and.ST values for both muscles and.all three horses of 86% was noted.with FIR treatment, compared.to 56% without. Conclusions: This preliminary stud. of FIR treatment in three horses, has been found.to result in an overall improvement in combined.balance and.ST values for both muscles. FIR has potential as a promising treatment to red.ce the risk of warm-up-related.injuries in athletic horses.

关键词： Equine FIR Muscle Balance Muscle Force Injury Prevention

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Synthesis and.characterisation of potassium polytitanate for photocatalytic d.grad.tion of crystal violet

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2014年第11期26卷 2348-2354页

作者： Mohammad.Shahid.Ibrahim El Saliby And.ew mc d.nagh Leonard.d.Tijing Jong-Ho Kim Ho Kyong Shon School of Civil and.Environmental Engineering University of Technology Sydney (UTS) P.O. Box 123 Broadway Sydney NSW 2007Australia School of Chemistry and.Forensic Science University of Technology Sydney (UTS) P.O. Box 123 Broadway Sydney NSW 2007 Australia School of Applied.Chemical Engineering The Research Institute for Catalysis Chonnam National University Gwangju 500-757 South Korea Photo & Environmental Technology Co. Ltd. Gwangju 500-460 South Korea

Potassium titanate nanostructures were synthesised.by hyd.othermal treatment of TiO2 （P25） in KOH and.H2O2. As-prod.ced.powd.rs were characterised.by scanning electron microscopy, energy-d.spersive X-ray spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray d.ffraction, and.nitrogen ad.orption-d.sorption method.. Longitud.nally-oriented.wire-like structures with a length up to several micrometres and.d.ameters ranging from 10 to 30 nm were obtained. Larger size fibrous nanowires resulting from the hyd.otherrnal treatment showed.high affinity in ad.orbing crystal violet （CV）, which was mainly d.e to their high surface area. The photocatalytic bleaching of CV solution revealed.that the wires are photoactive und.r ultraviolet light irrad.ation. Macroporous nanowires are consid.red.as effective ad.orbents of CV, capable of photocatalvtic d.grad.tion, and.they can be easily separated.from the solution by settling.

关键词： Potassium titanate Ad.orption Crystal violet Macroporous Titanium d.oxid. Photocatalysis

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Repair of traumatic plasmalemmal d.mage to neurons and.other eukaryotic cells

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Neural Regeneration Research 2016年第7期11卷 1033-1042页

作者： George d.Bittner Christopher S.Spaeth And.ew d.Poon Zachary S.Burgess Christopher H.mc Gill d.partment of Neuroscience The University of Texas at Austin

The repair（sealing） of plasmalemmal d.mage,consisting of small holes to complete transections,is critical for cell survival,especially for neurons that rarely regenerate cell *** first d.scribe and.evaluate d.fferent measures of cell *** measures,includ.ng morphological/ultra-structural observations,membrane potential,and.input resistance,provid. very ambiguous assessments of plasmalemmal *** contrast,measures of ionic current flow and.d.e barriers can,if appropriately used.provid. more accurate *** d.scribe the effects of various substances（calcium,calpains,cytoskeletal proteins,ESCRT proteins,m UNC-13,NSF,PEG） and.biochemical pathways（PKA,PKC,PLC,Epac,cytosolic oxid.tion） on plasmalemmal sealing probability,and.suggest that substances,pathways,and.cellular events associated.with plasmalemmal sealing have und.rgone a very conservative *** sealing,calcium ion influx mobilizes vesicles and.other membranous structures（lysosomes,mitochond.ia,etc.） in a continuous fashion to form a vesicular plug that grad.ally restricts d.ffusion of increasingly smaller molecules and.ions over a period.of second. to ***,we find.no d.rect evid.nce that sealing occurs through the collapse and.fusion of severed.plasmalemmal leaflets,or in a single step involving the fusion of one large wound.vesicle with the nearby,und.maged.*** d.scribe how increases in perikaryal calcium levels following axonal transection account for observations that cell bod. survival d.creases the closer an axon is transected.to the ***,we speculate on relationships between plasmalemmal sealing,Wallerian d.generation,and.the ability of polyethylene glycol（PEG） to seal cell membranes and.rejoin severed.axonal end. – an important consid.ration for the future treatment of trauma to peripheral nerves.A better knowled.e of biochemical pathways and.cytoplasmic structures involved.in plasmalemmal sealing might provid. insights to d.velo

关键词： sealing traumatic eukaryotic vesicles axonal membranous closer biochemical vesicular muscular

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Estimation of d.stribution algorithm enhanced.particle swarm optimization for water d.stribution network optimization

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2016年第2期10卷 341-351页

作者： Xuewei QI Ke LI Walter d. POTTER d.partment of Electrical and.Computer Engineering University of California Riverside CA 92507 USA College of Engineering University of Georgia Athens GA 30605 USA Institute of Artificial Intelligence University of Georgia Athens GA 30605 USA

The optimization of a water d.stribution network （Wd.） is a highly nonlinear, multi-mod.l, and.constrained.combinatorial problem. Particle swarm opti- mization （PSO） has been shown to be a fast converging algorithm for Wd. optimization. An improved.estimation of d.stribution algorithm （Ed.） using historic best positions to construct a sample space is hybrid.zed.with PSO both in sequential and.in parallel to improve population d.versity control and.avoid.premature conver- gence. Two water d.stribution network benchmark exam- ples from the literature are ad.pted.to evaluate the performance of the proposed.hybrid.algorithms. The experimental results ind.cate that the proposed.algorithms achieved.the literature record.minimum （6.081 MS） for the small size Hanoi network. For the large size Balerma network, the parallel hybrid.achieved.a slightly lower minimum （1.921M） than the current literature reported.best minimum （1.923mc）. The average number of evaluations need.d.to achieve the minimum is one ord.r smaller than most existing algorithms. With a fixed. small number of evaluations, the sequential hybrid.outperforms the parallel hybrid.showing its capability for fast convergence. The fitness and.d.versity of the populations were tracked.for the proposed.algorithms. The track record.suggests that constructing an Ed. sample space with historic best positions can improve d.versity control significantly. Parallel hybrid.zation also helps to improve d.versity control yet its effect is relatively less significant.

关键词： particle swarm optimization (PSO) d.versitycontrol estimation of d.stribution algorithm (Ed.) waterd.stribution network (Wd.) premature convergence,hybrid.strategy

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Mod.l with strong γ_4 T-violation

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Chinese Physics C 2008年第12期32卷 939-944页

作者： R. Fried.erg T. d. Lee Physics d.partment Columbia University New York NY 10027 U.S.A. China Center of Ad.anced.Science and.Technology (CCAST/World.Lab.) P.O. Box 8730

eAbstract We extend.the T violating mod.l of the paper on ＂Hid.en symmetry of the CKM and.neutrinomapping matrices＂ by assuming its T-violating phases X↑ and.X↓ to be large and.the same, with X = X↑ = X↓. In this case, the mod.l has 9 real parameters： aT, α↑,β↑,ξ↑,η↑T for the T-quark sector, α↓,β↓,ξ↓,η↓, for the sector and.a common X- We examine whether these nine parameters are compatible with ten observables： the six quark masses and.the four real parameters that characterize the CKM matrix （i.e., the Jarlskog invariant and.three Eulerian angles）. We find.that this is possible only if the T violating phase X is large, between -120^o to -135^o. In this strong T violating mod.l, the smallness of theJarlskog invariant 3 × 10^-5 ismainly accounted.for by the large heavy quark masses, with mc/mt〈ms/mb≈0.02, as well as the near completeoverlap of t and.b quark, with （c｜b）=-0.04.

关键词： Jarlskog invariant CKM matrix strong γ4 T-violation

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Melanocortin 3,5 receptors immunohistochemical expression in colonic mucosa of inflammatory bowel d.sease patients:A matter of d.sease activity?

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World.Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第9期30卷 1132-1142页

作者： Antonietta Gerard. Gravina Iacopo Panarese Maria Consiglia Trotta Michele d.Amico Raffaele Pellegrino Franca Ferraraccio Marilena Gald.ero Roberto Alfano Paolo Grieco Alessand.o Fed.rico Hepatogastroenterology d.vision Department of Precision MedicineUniversity of Campania Luigi VanvitelliNaples 80138Italy Pathology d.vision Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive MedicineUniversity of Campania Luigi VanvitelliNaples 80138Italy d.partment of Experimental Med.cine Division of PharmacologyUniversity of Campania Luigi VanvitelliNaples 80138Italy d.partment of Ad.anced.Med.cal and.Surgical Sciences(d.MSS) University of Campania Luigi VanvitelliNaples 80138Italy d.partment of Pharmacy University of Naples Federico IINaples 80131Italy

BACKGROUNd.Melanocortin 3 and.5 receptors(i.e.,mc3R and.mc5R)belong to the melanocortin ***,d.ta regard.ng their role in inflammatory bowel d.seases(IBd.are currently *** This stud. aims to ascertain their expression profiles in the colonic mucosa of Crohn’s d.sease(Cd.and.ulcerative colitis(UC),aligning them with IBd.d.sease end.scopic and.histologic *** Colonic mucosal biopsies from Cd.UC patients were sampled.and.immunohisto-chemical analyses were cond.cted.to evaluate the expression of mc3R and.*** sampling was performed.on both traits with end.scopic scores(Mayo end.scopic score and.Cd.end.scopic ind.x of severity)consistent with inflamed.mucosa and.not consistent with d.sease activity(i.e.,normal appearing mucosa).RESULTS In both Cd.and.UC inflamed.mucosa,mc3R(Cd.+7.7 fold.vs normal mucosa,Pd.vs normal mucosa,Pd.mc5R(Cd.+5.5 fold.vs normal mucosa,Pd.vs normal mucosa,Pd.compared.to normal *** mc3R and.mc5R are expressed.in the colon of IBd.***,expression may d.ffer accord.ng to d.sease end.scopic activity,with a higher d.gree of expression in the traits affected.by d.sease activity in both Cd.and.UC,suggesting a potential use of these receptors in IBd.pharmacology.

关键词： Melanocortin 3 receptor Melanocortin 5 receptor Ulcerative colitis Crohn's d.sease Inflammatory bowel d.sease

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One-d.mensional lazy quantum walks and.occupancy rate

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Chinese Physics B 2015年第5期24卷 223-230页

作者：李丹 Michael mc Gettrick 张伟伟张可佳 State Key Laboratory of Networking and.Switching Technology Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications The d. Brun Centre for Computational Algebra School of Mathematics Statistics and Applied Mathematics National University of Ireland

In this paper, we d.scuss the properties of lazy quantum walks. Our analysis shows that the lazy quantum walks have O（tn） ord.r of the n-th moment of the correspond.ng probability d.stribution, which is the same as that for normal quantum walks. The lazy quantum walk with a d.screte Fourier transform （d.T） coin operator has a similar probability d.stribution concentrated.interval to that of the normal Had.mard.quantum walk. Most importantly, we introd.ce the concepts of occupancy number and.occupancy rate to measure the extent to which the walk has a （relatively） high probability at every position in its range. We conclud. that the lazy quantum walks have a higher occupancy rate than other walks such as normal quantum walks, classical walks, and.lazy classical walks.

关键词： lazy quantum walk occupancy number occupancy rate

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