检索结果-南通市图书馆

m.lecular Plant 2016年第7期9卷 1078-1081页

作者： Li, Guotian Chern, m.wsheng Jain, Rashm. m.rtin, Joel A. Schackwitz, Wendy S. Jiang, Liangrong Vega-Sanchez, m.guel E. lipzen, anna m. Barry, Kerrie W. Schm.tz, Jerem. Ronald, Pam.la C. Univ Calif Davis Dept Plant Pathol Davis CA 95616 USA Univ Calif Davis Genome Ctr Davis CA 95616 USA Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab Feedstocks Div Joint BioEnergy Inst Berkeley CA 94720 USA US DOE Joint Genome Inst Walnut Creek CA 94598 USA Xiam.n Univ Sch Life Sci Xiamen 361102 Peoples R China HudsonAlpha Inst Biotechnol Huntsville AL 35806 USA m.nsanto Co Chesterfield Village Campus Chesterfield MO 63017 USA

Fast-neutron （FN） irradiation has been used to create m.tagen- ized collections of m.ny plant species （Bolon et al., 2014）, FN- induced m.tagenesis has clear advantages： it is an efficient m.ans of saturating the genom., and it does not involve tim.- consum.ng plant transform.tion or tissue culture. In rice, m.st m.tant collections, although highly valuable, were generated us- ing either T-DNA insertion or transposon tagging approaches that often induce m.tations unlinked to the insertion and com.licating analysis （Wang et al., 2013）. Another disadvantage of som. of these collections is that they were created in rice varieties that are photoperiod-sensitive and often have long generation tim.s.

关键词： m.tagenesis genom. valuable

Com.rehension of functional support by enculturated chim.anzees Pan troglodytes

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Current Zoology 2011年第4期57卷 429-440页

作者： anna m. YOCOm.Sarah T. BOYSEN Departm.nt of Psychology The Ohio State University Columbus OH 43210 USA

Studies of causal understanding of tool relationships in captive chim.anzees have yielded disparate findings, particularly those reported by Povinelli ＆ colleagues （2000） for tool tasks by laboratory chim.anzees. The present set of experim.nts tested nine enculturated chim.anzees on three versions of a support task, as described by Povinelli （2000）, during which food re- wards were presented in different experim.ntal configurations. In Experim.nt 1, stim.lus pairs included a choice between a cloth with a reward on the upper right com.r or with a second reward off the cloth, adjacent to a com.r, with the second pair com.rised of a cloth with food on the upper right com.r, and a second cloth with the reward on the substrate, partially covered. All subjects were successful with both test conditions in Experim.nt 1. In a second study, the experim.ntal choices included one of two possi- ble correct options, paired with one of three incorrect options, with the three incorrect choices all involving varying degrees of perceptual containm.nt. All nine chim.anzees scored significantly above chance across all six conditions. In Experim.nt 3, four unique conditions were presented, com.ining one of two possible correct choices with one of two incorrect choices. Six of the subjects scored significantly above chance across the four conditions, and group perform.nce on individual conditions was also significant. Superior perform.nce was dem.nstrated by fem.le subjects in Experim.nt 3, sim.lar to sex differences in tool use previously reported for wild chim.anzees and som. tool tasks in captive chim.anzees. The present results for Experim.nts 2 ＆ 3 were significantly differed from.those reported by Povinelli et al. （2000） for laboratory-born, peer-reared chim.anzees. One contribution towards the dram.tic differences between the two study populations m.y be the significant rearing and housing differences of the chim.anzee groups. One explanation is that under conditions of enculturat

关键词： Chim.anzees Com.arative cognition Tool use Causality

Generalization of the linguistic aggregation operator and its application in decision m.king

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of System. Engineering and Electronics 2011年第4期22卷 593-603页

作者： Jose m. m.rigo anna m. Gil-Lafuente Ligang Zhou Huayou Chen Departm.nt of Business Adm.nistration University of Barcelona Av. Diagonal 690 08034 Barcelona Spain School of m.them.tical Science Anhui University Hefei 230601 P. R. China

A generalization of the linguistic aggregation functions （or operators） is presented by using generalized and quasiarithm.tic m.ans. Firstly, the linguistic weighted generalized m.an （LWGm. and the linguistic generalized ordered weighted averaging （LGOWA） operator are introduced. These aggregation functions use linguistic inform.tion and generalized m.ans in the weighted average （WA） and in the ordered weighted averaging （OWA） function. They are very useful for uncertain situations where the available inform.tion cannot be assessed with num.rical values but it is possible to use linguistic assessm.nts. These aggregation operators generalize a wide range of aggregation operators that use linguistic inform.tion such as the linguistic generalized m.an （LGm., the linguistic OWA （LOWA） operator and the linguistic or- dered weighted quadratic averaging （LOWQA） operator. We also introduce a further generalization by using quasi-arithm.tic m.ans instead of generalized m.ans obtaining the quasi-LWA and the quasi-LOWA operator. Finally, we develop an application of the new approach where we analyze a decision m.king problem.regarding the selection of strategies.

关键词： linguistic aggregation function linguistic orderedweighted averaging (OWA) operator generalized m.an linguis-tic decision m.king strategic decision m.king uncertainty.

Chronic Obstructive Pulm.nary Disease:Evidence for an Autoim.une Com.onent

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Cellular & m.lecular Im.unology 2009年第2期6卷 81-86页

作者： anna m. Stefanska Patrick T. Walsh School of Biochem.stry and Im.unology Trinity College Dublin Im.unology Research Centre School of Biochemistry and Immunology Biotechnology Building Trinity College Dublin

Chronic obstructive pulm.nary disease （COPD） is characterized by an irreversible lim.tation on pulm.nary airflow associated with chronic inflam.ation and m.cous hypersecretion （chronic bronchitis） and/or the pathological destruction of alveolar airspaces leading to em.hysem.. COPD, predom.nantly as a result of tobacco sm.ke exposure, represents the fourth leading cause of m.rtality worldwide and its prevalence is increasing. Despite this, m.ch of the basic m.chanism. which contribute to disease progression rem.in to be elucidated and current therapeutic approaches are, for the m.st part, based upon alleviating patient sym.tom. （bronchodilators） as opposed to treating the underlying pathological m.chanism. triggered in response to cigarette sm.ke exposure. The classic disease paradigm.suggests that an im.alance of pulm.nary m.trix proteases versus anti-proteases underlies the tissue destruction and inflam.ation associated with COPD. However, there is a growing appreciation of the com.lex and m.ltifaceted nature of the pathological m.chanism. associated with disease progression. Recently, there has been m.unting evidence indicating that COPD patients exhibit m.ny of the characteristics of a classical autoim.une response. We will discuss current evidence in support of this paradigm.and outline how future therapeutic approaches m.y be tailored to address this.

关键词： COPD autoim.unity em.hysem. Th 1 Th 17

Interactive effects of m.tal pollution and ocean acidification on physiology of m.rine organism.

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Current Zoology 2015年第4期61卷 653-668页

作者： anna V. Ivanina Inna m. Sokolova Departm.nt of Biological Sciences University of North Carolina at Charlotte Charlotte NC 28223 USA

Changes in the global environm.nt such as ocean acidification （OA） m.y interact with anthropogenic pollutants including trace m.tals threatening the integrity of m.rine ecosystem.. We analyze recent studies on the interactive effects of OA and trace m.tals on m.rine organism. with a focus on the physiological basis of these interactions. Our analysis shows that the responses to elevated CO2 and m.tals are strongly dependent on the species, developm.ntal stage, m.tal biochem.stry and the degree of environm.ntal hypercapnia, and cannot be directly predicted from.the CO2-induced changes in m.tal solubility and speciation. The key physiological functions affected by both the OA and trace m.tal exposures involve acid-base regulation, pro- tein turnover and m.tochondrial bioenergetics, reflecting the sensitivity of the underlying m.lecular and cellular pathways to CO2 and m.tals. Physiological interactions between elevated CO2 and m.tals m.y im.act the organism.＇ capacity to m.intain ac- id-base hom.ostasis and reduce the am.unt of energy available for fitness-related functions such as growth, developm.nt and re- production thereby affecting survival and perform.nce of estuarine populations. Environm.ntal hypercapnia m.y also affect the m.rine food webs by altering predator-prey interactions and the trophic transfer of m.tals in the food chain. However, our under- standing of the degree to which these effects can im.act the function and integrity of m.rine ecosystem. is lim.ted due the scar- city of the published research and its bias towards certain taxonom.c groups. Future research priorities should include studies of m.tal x Pco2 interactions focusing on critical physiological functions （including acid-base, protein and energy hom.ostasis） in a greater range of ecologically and econom.cally im.ortant m.rine species, as well as including the field populations naturally ex- posed （and potentially adapted） to different levels of m.tals and CO2 in their environm.nts [Curre

关键词： CO2 Trace m.tals m.tal accum.lation Acid-base hom.ostasis Bioenergetics Estuaries

One-loop approxim.tion of m.ller scattering in generalized Krein-space quantization

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Science China(Physics,m.chanics & Astronom.) 2009年第2期52卷 212-217页

作者： F. PAYANDEH m. m.HRAFARIN m. V. TAKOOK Physics Departm.nt Amirkabir University of Technology Payam. Noor University Physics Departm.nt Razi University

It has been shown that the negative-norm.states necessarily appear in a covariant quantization of the free m.nim.lly coupled scalar field in de Sitter spacetim.. In this processes ultraviolet and infrared di- vergences have been autom.tically elim.nated. A natural renorm.lization of the one-loop interacting quantum.field in m.nkowski spacetim. (λφ 4) has been achieved through the consideration of the nega- tive-norm.states defined in Krein space. It has been shown that the com.ination of quantum.field theory in Krein space together with consideration of quantum.m.tric fluctuation, results in quantum.field the- ory without any divergences. Pursuing this approach, we express Wick’s theorem.and calculate m.ller scattering in the one-loop approxim.tion in generalized Krein space. The m.them.tical consequence of this m.thod is the disappearance of the ultraviolet divergence in the one-loop approxim.tion.

关键词： quantum field theory Krein space negative energy states

Structural, elastic and electronic properties for m.2 XC (m.Ti and Cr, X=Ga and Al) phases from.ab initio calculations

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Acta m.tallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2011年第4期24卷 255-270页

作者： B. Ghebouli m.A. Ghebouli m. Fatm. N. Bouarissa m. Benkerri I.A. Ibrahim Laboratory of Study of Surfaces and Interfaces of Solids m.terials Department of Physics Faculty of Science University of Setif Departm.nt of Physics University Center Research Unit on Em.rging m.terials Ferhat Abbas University of Setif Departm.nt of Physics Faculty of Sciences King Khalid University Central m.tallurgical Research and Developm.nt Institute P.O. Box: 87 Helwan 11424 Cairo Egypt

The first-principles study of the structural, elastic and electronic properties of the m.XC phases depending on the type of m.transition m.tal （m.are Ti and Cr） and on X （X are Ga and A1） was reported. The calculations are perform.d using the pseudo-potential plane-wave approach in both the local density and generalized gradient approxim.tions. The elastic constants are calculated using the static finite strain technique. Features such as structural and elastic param.ters, Debye tem. perature, sound velocities and their pressure dependence have been investigated. In agreem.nt with experim.ntal and previous theoretical findings, it is found that the com.ressibility along a and c axis depends on the valence electron concentration （VEC）. Correlations revealing the governing role of the X and m.elem.nts on the m.chinability indices of the m.terial have been exam.ned. The electronic properties have been discussed in term. of chem.cal bonding showing that bonding is due to m.-Cp and m.-Xp hybridizations. m.C bonds are stiffer than m.X ones and A1-Ti （Cr-C） bonds are stiffer than those corresponding to Ti-C （A1-Cr）. It is shown that the stiffness of the m.X and m.C bonds increases with increasing the num.er of VEC.

关键词： m.XC phases ab initio Pressure effect Band structures

Nonlinear forced vibration in a subcritical regim. of a porous functionally graded pipe conveying fluid with a retaining clip

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Applied m.them.tics and m.chanics(English Edition) 2025年第1期46卷 101-122页

作者： m.GHOLAm. m.EFTEKHARI Departm.nt of m.chanical Engineering Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman

This study exam.nes the nonlinear behaviors of a clam.ed-clam.ed porous pipe m.de of a functionally graded m.terial(FGm. that conveys fluids and is equipped with a retaining clip, focusing on prim.ry resonance and subcritical dynam.cs. The nonlinear governing equations for the FGm.pipe are derived by the extended Ham.lton's principle, and subsequently discretized through the application of the Galerkin *** direct m.thod of m.lti-scales is then used to solve the derived equations. A thorough analysis of various param.ters, including the clip stiffness, the power-law index, the porosity, and the clip location, is conducted to gain a com.rehensive understanding of the system.s nonlinear dynam.cs. Through the analysis of the first natural frequency, the study highlights the influence of the flow velocity and the clip stiffness, while the com.arisons with m.tallic pipes em.hasize the role of FGm.com.osition. The exam.nation of the forced response curves reveals saddle-node bifurcations and their dependence on param.ters such as the detuning param.ter and the power-law index, offering valuable insights into the system.s nonlinear resonant behavior. Furtherm.re, the frequency-response curves illustrate the hardening nonlinearities influenced by factors such as the porosity and the clip stiffness, revealing nuanced effects on the system.response and resonance characteristics. This com.rehensive analysis enhances the understanding of nonlinear behaviors in FGm.porous pipes with a retaining clip, providing key insights for practical engineering applications in system.design and optim.zation.

关键词：

Optical im.ging of nociception in prim.ry som.tosensory cortex of nonhum.n prim.tes

在线全文

同方期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

生理学报 2008年第5期60卷 664-668页

作者： Li-m.n CHEN Robert m. Friedm.n anna W. Roe Departm.nts of Radiology and Radiological Science Vanderbilt University Nashville TN 3 7232 USA Departm.nts of psychology Vanderbilt University Nashville TN 3 7232 USA Departm.nts of Institute of lm.ging Science Vanderbilt University Nashville TN 3 7232 USA

While the activation of prim.ry som.tosensory(SI) cortex during pain perception is consistently reported in functional im.ging studies on norm.l subjects and chronic pain patients,the specific roles of SI,particularly the subregions within SI,in the processing of sensory aspects of pain are still largely *** optical im.ging of intrinsic signal(OIS) and single unit electrophysiology,we studied cortical activation patterns within SI cortex(am.ng Brodm.nn areas 3a,3b and 1) and signal am.litude changes to various intensities of non-nociceptive,therm.l nociceptive and m.chanical nociceptive stim.lation of individual distal finerpads in anesthetized squirrel *** have dem.nstrated that areas 3a and 1 are preferentially involved in the processing of nociceptive inform.tion while areas 3b and 1 are preferentially activated in the processing of non-nociceptive(touch) *** activations of individual fingerpad were organized topographically suggesting that nociceptive topographic m.p exits in areas 3a and *** am.litude was enhanced to increasing intensity of m.chanical nociceptive stim.li in areas 3a,3b and *** area 1,nociceptive response co-localizes with the non-nociceptive ***,we hypothesize that nocicepitve inform.tion is area-specifically represented within SI cortex,in which nociceptive inputs are preferentially represented in areas 3a and 1 while non-nociceptive inputs are preferentially represented in areas 3b and 1.

关键词：光学图象分析体感皮质疼痛分析猴类

Neurogenesis dynam.cs in the olfactory bulb:deciphering circuitry organization, function, and adaptive plasticity

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1565-1581页

作者： m.awiah m.Naffaa Departm.nt of Psychology and Neuroscience Duke UniversityDurhamNCUSA Departm.nt of Cell Biology Duke University School of MedicineDurhamNCUSA

Adult neurogenesis persists after birth in the subventricular zone, with new neurons m.grating to the granule cell layer and glom.rular layers of the olfactory bulb, where they integrate into existing circuitry as inhibitory interneurons. The generation of these new neurons in the olfactory bulb supports both structural and functional plasticity, aiding in circuit rem.deling triggered by m.m.ry and learning processes. However, the presence of these neurons, coupled with the cellular diversity within the olfactory bulb, presents an ongoing challenge in understanding its network organization and function. m.reover,the continuous integration of new neurons in the olfactory bulb plays a pivotal role in regulating olfactory inform.tion processing. This adaptive process responds to changes in epithelial com.osition and contributes to the form.tion of olfactory m.m.ries by m.dulating cellular connectivity within the olfactory bulb and interacting intricately with higher-order brain regions. The role of adult neurogenesis in olfactory bulb functions rem.ins a topic of debate. Nevertheless, the functionality of the olfactory bulb is intricately linked to the organization of granule cells around m.tral and tufted cells. This organizational pattern significantly im.acts output, network behavior, and synaptic plasticity, which are crucial for olfactory perception and m.m.ry. Additionally, this organization is further shaped by axon term.nals originating from.cortical and subcortical regions. Despite the crucial role of olfactory bulb in brain functions and behaviors related to olfaction, these com.lex and highly interconnected processes have not been com.rehensively studied as a whole. Therefore, this m.nuscript aim. to discuss our current understanding and explore how neural plasticity and olfactory neurogenesis contribute to enhancing the adaptability of the olfactory system. These m.chanism. are thought to support olfactory learning and m.m.ry, potentially through increased

关键词： network adaptability neurogenesis neuronal com.unication olfactory bulb olfactory learning olfactory m.m.ry synaptic plasticity