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Optimal error estimates and modified energy conservation identities of the ADI-FDTD scheme on staggered grids for 3D Maxwell's equations

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Science China Mathematics 2013年第8期56卷 1705-1726页

作者： gao liping ZHANG Bo School of Sciences China University of Petroleum LSEC and Institute of Applied Mathematics Academy of Mathematics and Systems ScienceChinese Academy of Sciences

This paper is concerned with the optimal error estimates and energy conservation properties of the alternating direction implicit finite-difference time-domain （ADI-FDTD） method which is a popular scheme for solving the 3D Maxwell＇s equations. Precisely, for the case with a perfectly electric conducting （PEC） boundary condition we establish the optimal second-order error estimates in both space and time in the discrete Hi-norm for the ADI-FDTD scheme, and prove the approximate divergence preserving property that if the divergence of the initial electric and magnetic fields are zero, then the discrete L2-norm of the discrete divergence of the ADI-FDTD solution is approximately zero with the second-order accuracy in both space and time. The key ingredient is two new discrete modified energy norms which are second-order in time perturbations of two new energy conservation laws for the Maxwell＇s equations introduced in this paper. ~rthermore, we prove that, in addition to two known discrete modified energy identities which are second-order in time perturbations of two known energy conservation laws, the ADI-FDTD scheme also satisfies two new discrete modified energy identities which are second-order in time perturbations of the two new energy conservation laws. This means that the ADI-FDTD scheme is unconditionally stable under the four discrete modified energy norms. Experimental results which confirm the theoretical results are presented.

关键词： alternating direction implicit method finite-difference time-domain method Maxwell's equations,optimal error estimate superconvergence unconditional stability energy conservation divergence preservingproperty

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Stability and superconvergence analysis of the FDTD scheme for the 2D Maxwell equations in a lossy medium

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Science China Mathematics 2011年第12期54卷 2693-2712页

作者： gao liping ZHANG Bo Department of Computational and Applied Mathematics School of Sciences China University of Petroleum Qingdao 266555 China LSEC and Institute of Applied Mathematics Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China

This paper is concerned with the stability and superconvergence analysis of the famous finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) scheme for the 2D Maxwell equations in a lossy medium with a perfectly electric conducting (PEC) boundary condition, employing the energy method. To this end, we first establish some new energy identities for the 2D Maxwell equations in a lossy medium with a PEC boundary condition. Then by making use of these energy identities, it is proved that the FDTD scheme and its time difference scheme are stable in the discrete L2 and H1 norms when the CFL condition is satisfied. It is shown further that the solution to both the FDTD scheme and its time difference scheme is second-order convergent in both space and time in the discrete L2 and H1 norms under a slightly stricter condition than the CFL condition. This means that the solution to the FDTD scheme is superconvergent. Numerical results are also provided to confirm the theoretical analysis.

关键词： Maxwell equations finite-difference time-domain method stability superconvergence perfectly electric conducting boundary conditions energy identities

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New Energy-Conserved Identities and Super-Convergence of the Symmetric EC-S-FDTD Scheme for Maxwell’s Equations in 2D

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Communications in Computational Physics 2012年第5期11卷 1673-1696页

作者： liping gao Dong Liang Department of Computational and Applied Mathematics School of SciencesChina University of PetroleumQingdao266555P.R.China Department of Mathematics and Statistics York UniversityTorontoOntarioM3J 1P3Canada

The symmetric energy-conserved splitting FDTD scheme developed in[1]is a very new and efficient scheme for computing theMaxwell’s *** is based on splitting the whole Maxwell’s equations and matching the x-direction and y-direction electric fields associated to the magnetic field *** this paper,we make further study on the scheme for the 2D Maxwell’s equations with the PEC boundary *** new energy-conserved identities of the symmetric EC-S-FDTD scheme in the discrete H^(1)-norm are *** is then proved that the scheme is unconditionally stable in the discrete H^(1)-*** the new energy-conserved identities,the super-convergence of the symmetric EC-S-FDTD scheme is further proved that it is of second order convergence in both time and space steps in the discrete H^(1)-*** experiments are carried out and confirm our theoretical results.

关键词： Symmetric EC-S-FDTD energy-conserved unconditional stability super convergence Maxwell’s equations splitting

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Enjoy the most beautiful scene now:a memetic algorithm to solve two-fold time-dependent arc orienteering problem

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Frontiers of Computer Science 2020年第2期14卷 364-377页

作者： Chao CHEN liping gao Xuefeng XIE Zhu WANG School of Computer Science Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China School of Computer Science Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an 710072China

Traditional route planners commonly focus on finding the shortest path between two points in terms of travel distance or time over road ***,in real cases,especially in the era of smart cities where many kinds of transportation-related data become easily available,recent years have witnessed an increasing demand of route planners that need to optimize for multiple criteria,e.g.,finding the route with the highest accumulated scenic score along(utility)while not exceeding the given travel time budget(cost).Such problem can be viewed as a variant of arc orienteering problem(AOP),which is well-known as an NP-hard *** this paper,targeting a more realistic AOP,we allow both scenic score(utility)and travel time(cost)values on each arc of the road network are time-dependent(2TD-AOP),and propose a memetic algorithm to solve *** be more specific,within the given travel time budget,in the phase of initiation,for each population,we iteratively add suitable arcs with high scenic score and build a path from the origin to the destination via a complicate procedure consisting of search region narrowing,chromosome encoding and *** the phase of the local search,each path is improved via chromosome selection,local-improvement-based mutation and crossover ***,we evaluate the proposed memetic algorithm in both synthetic and real-life datasets extensively,and the experimental results demonstrate that it outperforms the baselines.

关键词： arc orienteering problem two-fold timedependent scenic score travel time memetic algorithm

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Splitting Finite Difference Methods on Staggered Grids for the Three-Dimensional Time-Dependent Maxwell Equations

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Communications in Computational Physics 2008年第7期4卷 405-432页

作者： liping gao Bo Zhang Dong Liang School of Mathematical Sciences Shandong Normal UniversityJinan 250014China. Institute of Applied Mathematics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100080China. Department of Mathematics and Statistics York University4700 Keele StreetTorontoOntario M3J 1P3Canada

In this paper,we study splitting numerical methods for the three-dimensional Maxwell equations in the time *** propose a new kind of splitting finitedifference time-domain schemes on a staggered grid,which consists of only two stages for each time *** is proved by the energy method that the splitting scheme is unconditionally stable and convergent for problems with perfectly conducting boundary *** numerical dispersion analysis and numerical experiments are also presented to illustrate the efficiency of the proposed schemes.

关键词： Splitting scheme alternating direction implicit method finite-difference time-domain method stability convergence Maxwell’s equations perfectly conducting boundary

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Effect of soil surface roughness on emergence rate and yield of mechanized direct-seeded rapeseed based on 3D laser scanning

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2023年第3期16卷 110-119页

作者： Hui Chen liping gao Mengcheng Li Yitao Liao Qingxi Liao School of Energy and Power Engineering Xihua UniversityChengdu 610039China College of Engineering Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China

The quality of seedbed after sowing such as soil surface roughness is one of the key factors affecting the seedling emergence of rapeseed,which ultimately affected crop ***,the effect of soil surface roughness on seedling emergence and yield of rapeseed is still *** this study,field experiments at the experimental site of Jianli and Shayang were carried *** treatments were designed:relative slow(M1),medium(M2),and fast(M3)forward speed of the *** surface roughness measured by a 3D laser scanner,seed quantity of the seeder,emergence rate and yield of rapeseed were determined to investigate the soil surface roughness effect on emergence rate and yield of *** results showed that as the forward speed of the unit increased,the compartment surface became *** with the M1 and M2 treatments,soil surface roughness under the M3 treatment increased by 36.5%and 9.8%,*** actual seed quantity of the seeder under different treatments ranged from 3806.56 to 4158.18 g/*** average error rate of the actual and theoretical seed quantity was less than 5%,which met the operational quality requirements for seeding rapeseed *** the forward speed of the unit increased,the actual seed quantity of the seeder gradually increased while the emergence rate and yield of rapeseed *** seed quantity under the M3 treatment increased by 6.9%and 4.7%,while the emergence rate of rapeseed decreased by 3.3%and 2.0%,and the yield decreased by 23.2%and 13.1%,compared with the M1 and M2 treatments,*** analysis indicated that emergence rate and yield of rapeseed were negatively influenced by soil surface *** rapeseed emergence rate,seed yield,and economic benefits,the M1 treatment was *** considering the factor that the M1 treatment may reduce the unit operation efficiency,and thus resulting in lower cost of production,M2 could be recommended in actual *** results of this

关键词： mechanized direct-seeder soil surface roughness rapeseed seed emergence rate yield

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SnO_(2)nanotubes with N-doped carbon coating for advanced Li-ion battery anodes

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Frontiers of Materials Science 2023年第4期17卷 81-91页

作者： Junhai Wang Jiandong Zheng liping gao Chunyu Meng Jiarui Huang Sang Woo Joo School of Material and Chemical Engineering Chuzhou UniversityChuzhou 239000China Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids of the Ministry of Education College of Chemistry and Materials ScienceAnhui Normal UniversityWuhu 241002China School of Mechanical Engineering Yeungnam UniversityGyeongsanGyeongbuk 38541Republic of Korea

Tin dioxide nanotubes with N-doped carbon layer(SnO_(2)/N-C NTs)were synthesized through a MoO3 nanorod-based sacrificial template method,dopamine polymerization and calcination *** to the Li-ion battery,SnO_(2)/N-C NTs exhibited excellent electrochemical properties,with a first discharge capacity of 1722.3 mAh·g^(−1)at 0.1 A·g^(−1)and a high capacity of 1369.3 mAh·g^(−1)over 100 *** superior electrochemical performance is ascribed to the N-doped carbon layer and tubular structure,which effectively improves the electrical conductivity of the composites,accelerates the migration of Li+and electrons,and alleviates the volume change of the anode to a certain extent.

关键词： SnO_(2) nanotubes N-doped carbon anode Li-ion battery

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Nitrogen-doped carbon-coated hollow SnS_(2)/NiS microflowers for high-performance lithium storage

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Frontiers of Materials Science 2023年第3期17卷 119-129页

作者： Junhai Wang Jiandong Zheng liping gao Qingshan Dai Sang Woo Joo Jiarui Huang School of Material and Chemical Engineering Chuzhou UniversityChuzhou 239000China Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids of the Ministry of Education College of Chemistry and Materials ScienceAnhui Normal UniversityWuhu 241002China School of Mechanical Engineering Yeungnam UniversityGyeongsanGyeongbuk 38541Republic of Korea

Nitrogen-doped carbon-coated hollow SnS_(2)/NiS(SnS_(2)/NiS@N–C)microflowers were obtained using NiSn(OH)6 nanospheres as the template via a solventthermal method followed by the polydopamine coating and carbonization *** served as an anode material for lithium-ion batteries,such hollow SnS_(2)/NiS@N–C microflowers exhibited a capacity of 403.5 mAh·g^(−1) at 2.0 A·g^(−1) over 200 cycles and good rate *** electrochemical reaction kinetics of this anode was analyzed,and the morphologies and structures of anode materials after the cycling test were *** high stability and good rate performance were mainly due to bimetallic synergy,hollow micro/nanostructure,and nitrogen-doped carbon *** revealed excellent electrochemical energy storage properties of hollow SnS_(2)/NiS@N–C microflowers in this study highlight their potential as the anode material.

关键词： SnS_(2) NiS microflower hollow structure nitrogen-doped carbon anode lithium-ion battery

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Activation of Innate Immunity and Autophagy in Brain Tissues with Prion Disease and Degradation of Abnormal PrPs in Cells—China’s Studies

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China CDC weekly 2022年第33期4卷 735-740页

作者： Cao Chen Qi Shi Kang Xiao Wei Zhou Chen gao liping gao Jun Han Jichun Wang Xiaoping Dong State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral DiseasesNational Institute for Viral Disease Control and PreventionChinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina Center for Biosafety Mega-Science Chinese Academy of SciencesWuhan CityHubei ProvinceChina China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences BeijingChina Division of Science and Technology Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosafety Shanghai MunicipalityChina

Unlike infectious diseases caused by conventional microbes,there are no detectable specific humoral or cellular immunoresponses to prion ***,extensive and active gliosis is observable in affected brain regions along with significant deposits of scrapielike prion protein(PrP^(Sc)).Here,we summarize our studies of vibrant activation of host non-specific immunocomponents and autophagy in the microenvironment of prion infected *** of the brain’s innate immunity and autophagy upon prion infection reflect non-specific host defense systems attempt to dispose of accumulated *** elevation of neuroinflammation leads to neuron injury.

关键词： PrP immunity activation

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Characteristics of Different Types of Prion Diseases—China’s Surveillance

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China CDC weekly 2022年第33期4卷 723-728页

作者： Qi Shi Cao Chen Kang Xiao Wei Zhou Chen gao liping gao Jun Han Jichun Wang Xiaoping Dong State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral DiseasesNational Institute for Viral Disease Control and PreventionChinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences BeijingChina Center for Biosafety Mega-Science Chinese Academy of SciencesWuhan CityHubei ProvinceChina Division of Science and Technology Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosafety Shanghai MunicipalityChina

This report briefly described the establishment and implementation of national surveillance for human prion disease(PrD)in *** cases came from Chinese surveillance network for ***,Western blot,enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA),Polymerase Chain Reaction(PCR),and real-time quaking-induced conversion(RT-QuIC)tests were used for the samples of brain,cerebrospinal fluid(CSF),and *** standard for the PrDs is based on the National Commission of Health(WS/T 562-2017).The study summarized major epidemiological,clinical and laboratory features of more than 2,100 diagnosed different types of Chinese PrD *** Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease(sCJD)is the predominant type of PrD(88.7%).19 different genotypes of genetic PrDs(gPrDs)were identified,accounting for about 11.3%of all PrDs,revealing *** iatrogenic CJD(iCJD)and variant CJD(vCJD)was *** characteristics of different types of sCJD in China showed similar features as those reported globally,but gPrDs showed an obvious ethnorelationship.

关键词： immunosorbent cases clinical

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