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Study on a semi-resolved CFD-DEM method for rod-like particles in a gas-solid fluidized bed

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Particuology 2024年第4期87卷 20-36页

作者： liping He Zhengxian Liu Yongzhi zhao Department of Mechanics School of Mechanical EngineeringTianjin UniversityTianjin300350China Insttute of Process quipment College of Energy EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou30027China

Based on a semi-resolved CFD-DEM coupling method,this study proposed a method that uses the minimum distance between the fluid grid and the particle boundary as a reference value to determine the degree of influence of the target fluid grid on the particle's drag force.A fluidized bed of rod-like particles was chosen as a typical case to investigate the effect of different fluid grid scales on various fluidized bed characteristic parameters.The calculation performance of the semi-resolved and unre-solved CFD-DEM coupling algorithm on key fluidized bed characteristic parameters such as average pressure drop,particle frequency distribution with bed height,and particle orientation distribution were compared.It was found that the semi-resolved CFD-DEM coupling algorithm gradually obtained results with higher consistency with decreasing fluid grid scale for key parameters such as particle frequency distribution with bed height,particle orientation distribution,and time-history mixing index,exhibiting a phenomenon similar to grid independence in fluid simulation.By comparing with experimental results,it was verified that the semi-resolved CFD-DEM coupling algorithm can be applied to simulate multi-granular gas-solid systems with fluid grid scales equivalent to particle scales.This algorithm solves the limitation of fluid grid scale in the unresolved CFD-DEM coupling framework and improves the grid adaptability of the CFD-DEM coupling simulation algorithm.

关键词： CFD-DEM Semi-resolved method Fluid-solid flow Non-spherical particle Fluidized bed

Ergothioneine and its congeners:anti-ageing mechanisms and pharmacophore

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Protein & Cell 2024年第3期15卷 191-206页

作者： Li Chen liping Zhang Xujun Ye Zixin Deng Changming zhao Department of Geriatrics Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China Key Laboratory of Combinatory Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery School of Pharmaceutical SciencesMinistry of EducationWuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China tThese authors contributed equally.

Ergothioneine,Ovothiol,and Selenoneine are sulfur/selenium-containing histidine-derived natural products widely distributed across different organisms.They exhibit significant antioxidant properties,making them as potential lead compounds for promoting health.Increasing evidence suggests that Ergothioneine is positively correlated with healthy ageing and longevity.The mechanisms underlying Ergothioneine's regulation of the ageing process at cellular and molecular levels are beginning to be understood.In this review,we provide an in-depth and extensive coverage of the anti-ageing studies on Ergothioneine and discuss its possible intracellular targeting pathways.In addition,we highlight the recent efforts in elucidating the biosynthetic details for Ergothioneine,Ovothiol,and Selenoneine,with a particular focus on the study of their pharmacophore-forming enzymology.

关键词： Ergothioneine antioxidant anti-ageing longevity biosynthesis enzymology

Aberrant epithelial cell interaction promotes esophageal squamous-cell carcinoma development and progression

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第1期9卷 279-294页

作者： liping Chen Shihao Zhu Tianyuan Liu Xuan zhao Tao Xiang Xiao Hu Chen Wu Dongxin Lin Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100021China Key Laboratory of Cancer Genomic Biology Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100021China Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 211166China CAMS Oxford Institute Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijing 100006China Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaGuangzhou 510060China

Epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT)and proliferation play important roles in epithelial cancer formation and progression,but what molecules and how they trigger EMT is largely unknown.Here we performed spatial transcriptomic and functional analyses on samples of multistage esophageal squamous-cell carcinoma(ESCC)from mice and humans to decipher these critical issues.By investigating spatiotemporal gene expression patterns and cell–cell interactions,we demonstrated that the aberrant epithelial cell interaction via EFNB1-EPHB4 triggers EMT and cell cycle mediated by downstream SRC/ERK/AKT signaling.The aberrant epithelial cell interaction occurs within the basal layer at early precancerous lesions,which expands to the whole epithelial layer and strengthens along the cancer development and progression.Functional analysis revealed that the aberrant EFNB1-EPHB4 interaction is caused by overexpressedΔNP63 due to TP53 mutation,the culprit in human ESCC tumorigenesis.Our results shed new light on the role of TP53-TP63/ΔNP63-EFNB1-EPHB4 axis in EMT and cell proliferation in epithelial cancer formation.

关键词： esophageal TP53 squamous

In patients who had a stroke or TIA, enlarged perivascular spaces in basal ganglia may cause future haemorrhagic strokes

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2024年第1期9卷 8-17,I0001-I0033页

作者： Yu Tian Mengxing Wang Yuesong Pan Xia Meng Xingquan zhao liping Liu Yongjun Wang Yilong Wang Department of Neurology Beijing Tiantan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina Chinese Institute for Brain Research BeijingChina National Center for Neurological Diseases BeijingChina Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection Capital Medical UniversityBeijingChina China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases BeijingChina

Introduction It remains unclear whether enlarged perivascular spaces(EPVS)predict poor clinical outcomes in patients with acute ischaemic stroke(AIS)or transient ischaemic attack(TIA).Method Data were obtained from the Third China National Stroke Registry study.We estimated EPVS in basal ganglia(BG)and centrum semiovale(CSO)using a semiquantified scale(Grade from 0 to 4).Using Cox and logistic regression analyses,the associations of EPVS with 3-month and 1-year adverse outcomes(including recurrent stroke,ischaemic stroke,haemorrhagic stroke,combined vascular event,disability and mortality)were explored.Sensitivity analyses of any association of cerebral small vessel disease at baseline and development of a small arterial occlusion(SAO)were conducted.Result Among 12603 patients with AIS/TIA,median age was 61.7±11.6 years,and 68.2%were men.After adjusting for all potential confounders,frequent-to-severe BG-EPVS was associated with a decreased risk of recurrent ischaemic stroke(HR 0.71,95%CI 0.55 to 0.92,p=0.01)but an increased risk of haemorrhagic stroke(HR 1.99,95%CI 1.11 to 3.58,p=0.02)at 1 year after AIS/TIA,compared with none-to-mild BG-EPVS.Patients with frequent-to-severe CSO-EPVS had a decreased risk of disability(OR 0.76,95%CI 0.62 to 0.92,p=0.004)and all-cause death(HR 0.55,95%CI 0.31 to 0.98,p=0.04)within 3-month but not 1-year follow-ups,compared with those with none-to-mild BG-EPVS.Sensitivity analyses showed that both BG-EPVS(HR 0.43,95%CI 0.21 to 0.87,p=0.02)and CSO-EPVS(HR 0.58,95%CI 0.35 to 0.95,p=0.03)were associated with a decreased risk of subsequent ischaemic stroke in patients with SAO during 1-year follow-up.Conclusion BG-EPVS increased the risk of haemorrhagic stroke in patients already with AIS/TIA within 1 year.Therefore,caution is recommended when selecting antithrombotic agents for secondary stroke prevention in patients with AIS/TIA and more severe BG-EPVS.

关键词： patients haemorrhagic prevention

Promoting grain production through high-standard farmland construction:Evidence in China

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第1期23卷 324-335页

作者： Shuai Hao Guogang Wang Yantao Yang Sicheng zhao Shengnan Huang liping Liu Huanhuan Zhang Institute of Agricultural Economics and Development Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China

Food security is a strategic priority for a country’s economic development.In China,high-standard farmland construction(HSFC)is an important initiative to stabilize grain production and increase grain production capacity.Based on panel data from 31 sample provinces,autonomous regions,and municipalities in China from 2005–2017,this study explored the impact of HSFC on grain yield using the difference-in-differences(DID)method.The results showed that HSFC significantly increased total grain production,which is robust to various checks.HSFC increased grain yield through three potential mechanisms.First,it could increase the grain replanting index.Second,it could effectively reduce yield loss due to droughts and floods.Last,HSFC could strengthen the cultivated land by renovating the low-and medium-yielding fields.Heterogeneity analysis found that the HSFC farmland showed a significant increase in grain yield only in the main grain-producing areas and balanced areas.In addition,HSFC significantly increased the yields of rice,wheat,and maize while leading to a reduction in soybean yields.The findings suggest the government should continue to promote HSFC,improve construction standards,and strictly control the“non-agriculturalization”and“non-coordination”of farmland to increase grain production further.At the same time,market mechanisms should be used to incentivize soybean farming,improve returns and stabilize soybean yields.

关键词： high-standard farmland farmland construction food security food production area difference-in-differences

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Tirofiban combined with Aspirin in the Treatment of Acute Penetrating Artery Territory Infarction (STRATEGY): protocol for a multicentre, randomised controlled trial

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2024年第1期9卷 75-81,I0047-I0052页

作者： Xiaoling Liao Shuo Feng Yicong Wang Yuesong Pan Weiqi Chen Hui Qu Xingquan zhao liping Liu Yongjun Wang Yilong Wang Department of Neurology Beijing Tiantan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases Beijing TiantanHospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina Chinese Institute for Brain Research BeijingChina National Center for Neurological Diseases BeijingChina Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection Capital Medical UniversityBeijingChina Beijing Laboratory of Oral Health Capital Medical UniversityBeijingChina

Background Perforating artery territorial infarction(PAI)caused by branch atheromatous disease(BAD)is prone to recurrence and early progression without an effective and well-documented antiplatelet treatment regimen.Tirofiban,an adjunctive antiplatelet agent,has shown great potential to treat acute ischaemic stroke.However,whether the combination of tirofiban and aspirin can improve the prognosis of PAI remains unclear.Aim To explore an effective and safe antiplatelet regimen for reducing the risk of recurrence and early neurological deterioration(END)in PAI caused by BAD by comparing the tirofiban and aspirin combination with placebo and aspirin combination.Methods Tirofiban combined with Aspirin in the Treatment of Acute Penetrating Artery Territory Infarction(STRATEGY)trial is an ongoing multicentre,randomised,placebo-controlled trial in China.Eligible patients shall be randomly assigned to receive standard aspirin with tirofiban or placebo on the first day and standard aspirin from days 2 to 90.The primary endpoint is a new stroke or END within 90 days.The primary safety endpoint is severe or moderate bleeding within 90 days.Discussion The STRATEGY trial will assess whether tirofiban combined with aspirin is effective and safe in preventing recurrence and END in patients with PAI.Trial registration number NCT05310968.

关键词： Aspirin regimen centre

Modularized viromimetic polymer nanoparticle vaccines(VPNVaxs) to elicit durable and effective humoral immune responses

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National Science Review 2024年第3期11卷 200-214页

作者： Zichao Huang Xinyu Zhuang liping Liu Jiayu zhao Sheng Ma Xinghui Si Zhenyi Zhu Fan Wu Ningyi Jin Mingyao Tian Wantong Song Xuesi Chen Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering University of Science and Technology of China Changchun Veterinary Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Jilin Biomedical Polymers Engineering Laboratory State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences

Virus-like particle(VLP) vaccines had shown great potential during the COVID-19 pandemic, and was thought to be the next generation of antiviral vaccine technology due to viromimetic structures. However,the time-consuming and complicated processes in establishing a current recombinant-protein–based VLP vaccine has limited its quick launch to the out-bursting pandemic. To simplify and optimize VLP vaccine design, we herein report a kind of viromimetic polymer nanoparticle vaccine(VPNVax), with subunit receptor-binding domain(RBD) proteins conjugated to the surface of polyethylene glycol-b-polylactic acid(PEG-b-PLA) nanoparticles for vaccination against SARS-CoV-2. The preparation of VPNVax based on synthetic polymer particle and chemical post-conjugation makes it possible to rapidly replace the antigens and construct matched vaccines at the emergence of different viruses. Using this modular preparation system, we identified that VPNVax with surface protein coverage of 20%–25% had the best immunostimulatory activity, which could keep high levels of specific antibody titers over 5 months and induce virus neutralizing activity when combined with an aluminum adjuvant. Moreover, the polymer nano-vectors could be armed with more immune-adjuvant functions by loading immunostimulant agents or chemical chirality design. This VPNVax platform provides a novel kind of rapidly producing and efficient vaccine against different variants of SARS-CoV-2 as well as other viral pandemics.

关键词： vaccine polymer nanomaterials SARS-CoV-2

A Plasma Membrane Polarity Sensor Harnessing Conjoined Twisted Intramolecular Charge Transfer Modulation and Charge Number Control Strategy

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CCS Chemistry 2024年第3期6卷 733-748页

作者： Yu-Qiang zhao Le Yu liping Zhu Jinsong Liang Ying Zhou Jong Seung Kim College of Chemical Science and Technology Yunnan UniversityKunming 650091 Department of Chemistry Korea UniversitySeoul 02841 TheranoChem Incorporation Seoul 02856

Polarity is a critical microenvironmental factor of the plasma membrane,which can offer valuable insights into various biological processes.Herein,we proposed a novel strategy for the construction of fluorescent agents to measure plasma membrane polarity by conjoining twisted intramolecular charge transfer(TICT)modulation and charge number control.It is shown that compounds with a stronger TICT tendency are more sensitive to polarity shifts due to the number of dialkylated amino groups present(from 1 to 3),and the molecules with two or more charged centers remain in the plasma membrane.Therefore,we developed two fluorescent agents with high polarity sensitivity,excellent turn-on ratios,and superior ability,to target the plasma membrane.In the wash-free fluorescence imaging and fluorescence lifetime tests,our designed agent could detect plasma membrane polarity with high precision,allowing effective distinction between cancer cells and normal cells based on their differences in plasma membrane polarity.Moreover,both fluorescence and fluorescence lifetime changes of the plasma membrane in the ferroptosis model established by Sorafenib confirmed an increase in plasma membrane polarity during cell ferroptosis.

关键词： membrane polarity fluorescence agents fluorescence imaging fluorescence lifetime imaging

Mg-intercalation engineering of MnO_(2)electrode for high-performance aqueous magnesium-ion batteries

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2022年第11期29卷 1954-1962页

作者： Yue zhao Bei Wang Minjie Shi Shibo An liping zhao Chao Yan School of Materials Science and Engineering Jiangsu University of Science and TechnologyZhenjiang 212003China State Key Laboratory for Metallic Matrix Composite Materials School of Materials Science and EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

Rechargeable aqueous magnesium-ion batteries(MIBs)show great promise for low-cost,high-safety,and high-performance energy storage applications.Although manganese dioxide(MnO_(2))is considered as a potential electrode material for aqueous MIBs,the low electrical conductivity and unsatisfactory cycling performance greatly hinder the practical application of MnO_(2)electrode.To overcome these problems,herein,a novel Mg-intercalation engineering approach for MnO_(2)electrode to be used in aqueous MIBs is presented,wherein the structural regulation and electrochemical performance of the Mg-intercalation MnO_(2)(denoted as MMO)electrode were thoroughly investigated by density functional theory(DFT)calculations and in-situ Raman investigation.The results demonstrate that the Mg intercalation is essential to adjusting the charge/ion state and electronic band gap of MMO electrode,as well as the highly reversible phase transition of the MMO electrode during the charging-discharging process.Because of these remarkable characteristics,the MMO electrode can be capable of delivering a significant specific capacity of~419.8 mAh·g^(−1),while exhibiting a good cycling capability over 1000 cycles in 1 M aqueous MgCl_(2) electrolyte.On the basis of such MMO electrode,we have successfully developed a soft-packaging aqueous MIB with excellent electrochemical properties,revealing its huge application potential as the efficient energy storage devices.

关键词： manganese oxide aqueous batteries intercalation engineering density functional theory calculations in-situ Raman

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