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Numerical study on waste polyethylene pyrolysis driven by self-sustaining smoldering

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2024年第2期67卷 627-638页

作者： PAN RuMing WU YiBo gUENE LOUgOU Bachirou SHUAI Yong DEBENEST gérald School of Energy Science and Engineering Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China Institut de Mecanique des Fluides de Toulouse(IMFT)-Universite de Toulouse CNRS-INPT-UPSToulouse 31400France

Polyethylene is the type of waste plastic that accounts for the most significant proportion of municipal solid *** polyethylene can be valorized via pyrolysis and produce value-added oil,gas,and *** the other hand,self-sustaining smoldering is an emerging technical means to deal with sand/soil contaminated by organic *** high-temperature heat generated by smoldering can be used as a heat source for pyrolyzing waste ***,this study investigates numerically the pyrolysis of waste polyethylene driven by self-sustaining smoldering.A novel 4-step lumped kinetic model is proposed for simulating the pyrolysis of waste *** results indicate that the operating parameters can determine the pyrolysis product yields by regulating the pyrolysis temperature and the volatile residence *** that higher temperatures and longer residence times favor the generation of shorter-chain pyrolysis products because of the intensified volatiles’secondary *** can be concluded that a high interface-wall heat transfer coefficient(400 W m^(-2)K^(-1)),a low PE content(0.20),a high char concentration(2.4%),and a moderate air velocity(0.040 m s^(-1))are beneficial to oil *** some extent,this study may broaden the boundaries for the application of self-sustained smoldering-driven pyrolysis.

关键词： self-sustained smoldering waste polyethylene thermal decomposition oil production waste valorization

High CO_(2)permeation using a new Ce_(0.85)gd_(0.15)O_(2-δ)-LaNiO_(3)composite ceramic–carbonate dual-phase membrane

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第6期140卷 219-229页

作者： Daniela gonzález-Varela JFrancisco gómez-garcía gustavo Tavizon Heriberto Pfeiffer Instituto de Investigaciones en Materiales Universidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoCd.UniversitariaDel.CoyoacánCP 04510Ciudad de MéxicoMéxico Departamento de Física y Química Teórica Facultad de QuímicaUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoCd.UniversitariaDel.CoyoacánCP 04510Ciudad de MéxicoMéxico 不详

This work shows the synthesis,characterization and evaluation of dense-ceramic membranes made of Ce_(0.85)gd_(0.15)O_(2-δ)-LaNiO_(3)(Cg-LN)composites,where the fluorite-perovskite ratio(Cg:LN)was varied as follows:75:25,80:20 and 85:15 wt.%.Supports were initially characterized by XRD,SEM and electrical conductivity(using vacuum and oxygen atmospheres),to determine the composition,microstructural and ionic-electronic conductivity ***,supports were infiltrated with an eutectic carbonates mixture,producing the corresponding dense dual-phase membranes,in which CO_(2)permeation tests were ***,CO_(2)permeation experiments were performed from 900 to 700℃,in the presence and absence of oxygen(flowed in the sweep membrane side).Results showed that these composites possess high CO_(2)permeation properties,where the O_(2)addition significantly improves the ionic conduction on the sweep membrane ***,the gC80-LN20 composition presented the best results due to the following physicochemical characteristics:high electronic and ionic conductivity,appropriate porosity,interconnected porous channels,as well as thermal and chemical stabilities between the composite support and carbonate phases.

关键词： CO_(2)permeation Doped CeO_(2) LaNiO_(3) Impedance Ceramic carbonate membrane

Use of an immunocapture device to detect cytokine release in discrete brain regions

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第4期19卷 703-704页

作者： Matthew g.Frank Michael V.Baratta Department of Integrative Physiology University of Colorado BoulderBoulderCOUSA(Frank MG)Department of Psychology and NeuroscienceUniversity of Colorado BoulderBoulderCOUSA(Baratta MV)

Production of proinflammatory cytokines in the central nervous system is a key process in the neuroinflammatory response to trauma,infection,and neurodegenerative diseases(Kumar,2019).These intercellular signaling molecules play multiple roles in the immune response in the central nervous system including the orchestration of the sickness response to innate immune perturbations in the brain(Dantzer et al.,2008).

关键词： system release innate

Anthropogenic mineral generation and its potential resource supply:The case of niobium

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第8期67卷 2583-2591页

作者： Xianlai ZENg Moisés gómez Mahmoud BAKRY Yong gENg Jinhui LI School of Environment Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China School of Environmental Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China School of International and Public Affairs Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200030China

The strategy of carbon neutrality is reshaping the global landscape of resource flow and *** the final sink of geological minerals,the proliferated anthropogenic minerals,also called secondary resources,play an increasingly important role in resource supply *** is a critical metal that lacks full concern for its *** fundamental principle of niobium circularity is to recycle and maintain the material as close to the manufacturing process as *** we estimate the niobium-containing applications lost at their end-of-life,underscoring the imperative to minimize such ***,we elucidate the extraction processes for scrap and alloy quantities throughout the industry's *** from anticipated waste generated by the majority of niobium applications,a forecast indicates a potential loss of approximately 168 kt by 2090 in the absence of ***,with a recycling efficiency of 90%for niobium,the projected loss diminishes to approximately 16 *** delve into the significance of niobium's circular economy and explore various aspects that demand further investigation for a seamless transition from linear to circular practices.

关键词： Niobium Anthropogenic mineral Circular economy Recycling Sustainability

Modeling mitochondria,where are the numbers?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第7期19卷 1435-1436页

作者： Adrian M.Davies Alan g.Holt University Center Shrewsbury ShrewsburyShropshireUK

Models and simulations are particularly useful for exploring ideas and concepts in the biological sciences that are expe rimentally *** silico methods are also gaining acceptance with regulatory authorities as an alte... 详细信息

关键词： eliminate authorities acceptance

Effects of frothers on bubbles size and flotation performance of hydrophobic minerals

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Journal of Central South University 2024年第7期31卷 2280-2299页

作者： gülşah gÜVEN Berivan TUNÇ Ş.Beste AYDIN gülay BULUT Mineral Processing Engineering Department Faculty of MinesIstanbul Technical UniversityMaslak 34469IstanbulTurkey Research Center Metso OutotecKuparitie 1028101 PoriFinland

Frothers facilitate the reduction of bubbles size by preventing bubbles coalescence and produce more stable *** collision probability of the bubbles and particles substantially increases by decreasing bubble *** the same volume system,fewer bubbles result from a distribution of large-sized bubbles,and more bubbles result from a distribution of small-sized *** this research,fundamental two-phase frother characterization parameters were aimed to link with three-phase coal and talc flotation *** this purpose,the effect of single and dual frother systems on inhibiting bubble coalescence was investigated with methyl isobutyl carbinol(MIBC),isooctanol(2 ethyl hexanol),pine oil,and Dowfroth *** on the results of single frothers,isooctanol at the lowest critical coalescence concentration(CCC)value of 6×10^(−6) achieved the smallest bubbles with Sauter mean diameter of 0.80 *** blending Dowfroth 250 and pine oil,the bubbles size decreased significantly,reaching 0.45 *** the highest recoveries in coal flotation were obtained in single and frother blends where the bubbles size was measured as the smallest in two-phase system,and such a relationship was not found for talc flotation.

关键词： flotation frother blends bubble size coal and talc flotation

Nomograms and prognosis for superficial esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

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World Journal of gastroenterology 2024年第10期30卷 1291-1294页

作者： Hong Tao Lin Ahmed Abdelbaki Somashekar g Krishna Department of Internal Medicine Division of GastroenterologyHepatology and NutritionThe Ohio State University Wexner Medical CenterColumbusOH 43210United States

In recent years,endoscopic resection,particularly endoscopic submucosal dis-section,has become increasingly popular in treating non-metastatic superficial esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC).In this evolving paradigm,it is crucial to identify factors that predict higher rates of lymphatic invasion and poorer *** tumor size,deeper invasion,poorer differentiation,more infiltrative growth patterns(INF-c),higher-grade tumor budding,positive lymphovascular invasion,and certain biomarkers have been associated with lymph node metastasis and increased morbidity through retrospective reviews,leading to the construction of comprehensive nomograms for outcome *** validated by future prospective studies,these nomograms would prove highly applicable in guiding the selection of treatment for superficial ESCC.

关键词： Esophageal cancer Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma Esophageal resection Endoscopic mucosal resection Endoscopic submucosal dissection Lymph node metastasis

Advancements,strategies,and prospects of solid oxide electrolysis cells(SOECs):Towards enhanced performance and large-scale sustainable hydrogen production

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第7期94卷 688-715页

作者： Amina Lahrichi Youness El Issmaeli Shankara S.Kalanur Bruno g.Pollet green Hydrogen Lab(gH2Lab) Hydrogen Research Institute(HRI)Universitédu QuébecàTrois-Rivières(UQTR)3351 boulevard des ForgesTrois-RivièresQuébec G9A 5H7Canada

Solid oxide electrolysis cells(SOECs)represent a crucial stride toward sustainable hydrogen generation,and this review explores their current scientific challenges,significant advancements,and potential for large-scale hydrogen *** SOEC technology,the application of innovative fabrication tech-niques,doping strategies,and advanced materials has enhanced the performance and durability of these systems,although degradation challenges persist,implicating the prime focus for future *** we provide in-depth analysis of the recent developments in SOEC technology,including Oxygen-SOECs,Proton-SOECs,and ***,Hybrid-SOECs,with their mixed ionic conducting electrolytes,demonstrate superior efficiency and the concurrent production of hydrogen and *** with the capacity to harness waste heat,these advancements in SOEC technology present signif-icant promise for pilot-scale applications in *** review also highlights remarkable achieve-ments and potential reductions in capital expenditure for future SOEC systems,while elaborating on the micro and macro aspects of sOECs with an emphasis on ongoing research for optimization and *** concludes with the potential of SOEC technology to meet various industrial energy needs and its significant contribution considering the key research priorities to tackle the global energy demands,ful-fillment,and decarbonization efforts.

关键词： Solid oxide electrolysis cells Proton-SOECs Oxygen-SoECs Hybrid-SOECs Intermediate-high temperature electrolysers Hydrogenproduction

Enhanced heavy and extra heavy oil recovery: Current status and new trends

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PETROLEUM 2024年第3期10卷 399-410页

作者： gomaa, Sayed Salem, Khalaf g. El-hoshoudy, A. N. Al Azhar Univ Fac Engn Min & Petr Engn Dept Cairo Egypt South Valley Egyptian Petr Holding Co gANOPE Dept Reservoir Engn Cairo Egypt Egyptian Petr Res Inst PVT Lab Prod Dept Cairo 11727 Egypt Egyptian Petr Res Inst EPRI PVT Serv Ctr Cairo 11727 Egypt

Due to the increased demand for energy resources these days, especially due to the Russian-Ukrainian war, the focus of the major countries is turning strongly towards improving oil production, especially heavy and extra heavy oil, which represents 40% of the world oil reserve. Steam-based and thermal (EOR) procedures are promising techniques for recovering heavy oil reservoirs, but they suffer from a sequence of problems and complications that arise after long-term application. These complications comprise steam breakthrough, steam overlap, and steam/rock interactions. This research presents the currently applied techniques to maximize the productivity of heavy oil, such as steam injection, cyclic steam stimulation, in-situ combustion, and steam-assisted gravity drainage. Thermal technologies face numerous obstacles, as they are energy and water-intensive processes that are not environmentally friendly. The research also presents future trends in energy-saving and environmentally friendly techniques that enhance heavy oil recovery through vapor extraction (VAPEX) steam-solvent hybrid techniques, electromagnetic energy, sonication, and nanotechnology. The findings of this review reported that all the presented techniques focus on how to reduce the oil viscosity and in-situ upgrade the crude oil properties. In turn, these enhance both the productivity rate and oil recovery and minimize the production cost. This article can be considered a comprehensive review of thermal recovery methods in heavy and extra-heavy oil, in addition to screening criteria used for each method. (c) 2023 Southwest Petroleum University. Publishing services by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of KeAi Communications Co. Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http:// ***/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

关键词： Enhanced oil recovery Heavy crude oil Steam flood Hybrid techniques Nanotechnology IN-SITU-COMBUSTION ASSISTED gRAVITY-DRAINAgE CYCLIC-STEAM-STIMULATION ROCK WETTABILITY VAPOR EXTRACTION INJECTION PERFORMANCE BITUMEN SAgD EOR