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Quant 4.0:engineering quantitative investmentwith automated,explainable,and knowledge-driven artificial intelligence

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Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2024年第11期25卷 1421-1445页

作者： Jian GUO Saizhuo WANG lionel m.ni Heung-Yeung SHUm IDEA Research International Digital Economy AcademyShenzhen 518045China The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong 999077China The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology(Guangzhou) Guangzhou 511453China

Quantitative investment(abbreviated as“quant”in this paper)is an interdisciplinary field combining financial engineering,computer science,mathematics,statistics,*** has become one of the mainstream investment methodologies over the past decades,and has experienced three generations:quant 1.0,trading by mathematical modeling to discover mis-priced assets in markets;quant 2.0,shifting the quant research pipeline from small“strategy workshops”to large“alpha factories”;quant 3.0,applying deep learning techniques to discover complex nonlinear pricing *** its advantage in prediction,deep learning relies on extremely large data volume and labor-intensive tuning of“black-box”neural network *** address these limitations,in this paper,we introduce quant 4.0 and provide an engineering perspective for next-generation *** 4.0 has three key differentiating ***,automated artificial intelligence(AI)changes the quant pipeline from traditional hand-crafted modeling to state-of-the-art automated modeling and employs the philosophy of“algorithm produces algorithm,model builds model,and eventually AI creates AI.”Second,explainable AI develops new techniques to better understand and interpret investment decisions made by machine learning black boxes,and explains complicated and hidden risk ***,knowledge-driven AI supplements data-driven AI such as deep learning and incorporates prior knowledge into modeling to improve investment decisions,in particular for quantitative value *** all these together,we discuss how to build a system that practices the quant 4.0 *** also discuss the application of large language models in quantitative ***,we propose 10 challenging research problems for quant technology,and discuss potential solutions,research directions,and future trends.

关键词： Artificial general intelligence Artificial intelligence Automated machine learning Causality engineering Deep learning Feature engineering Investment engineering Knowledge graph Knowledge reasoning Knowledge representation model compression Neural architecture search Quant 4.0 Quantitative investment Risk graph Explainable artificial intelligence

Rethinking the architecture design of data center networks

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Frontiers of Computer Science 2012年第5期6卷 596-603页

作者： Kaishun WU Jiang XIAO lionel m. ni National Engineering Research Center of Digital Life State-Province Joint Laboratory of Digital Home Interactive Applications School of Physics and Engineering Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510006 China Department of Computer Science and Engineering Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong China

In the rising tide of the Internet of things, more and more things in the world are connected to the Internet. Recently, data have kept growing at a rate more than four times of that expected in moore＇s law. This explosion of data comes from various sources such as mobile phones, video cameras and sensor networks, which often present multidi- mensional characteristics. The huge amount of data brings many challenges on the management, transportation, and pro- cessing IT infrastructures. To address these challenges, the state-of-art large scale data center networks have begun to provide cloud services that are increasingly prevalent. How- ever, how to build a good data center remains an open chal- lenge. Concurrently, the architecture design, which signifi- cantly affects the total performance, is of great research inter- est. This paper surveys advances in data center network de- sign. In this paper we first introduce the upcoming trends in the data center industry. Then we review some popular design principles for today＇s data center network architectures. In the third part, we present some up-to-date data center frame- works and make a comprehensive comparison of them. Dur- ing the comparison, we observe that there is no so-called op- timal data center and the design should be different referring to the data placement, replication, processing, and query pro- cessing. After that, several existing challenges and limitations are discussed. According to these observations, we point out some possible future research directions.

关键词： data center networks switch-based networks,direct networks hybrid networks

Rethinking big data in a networked world

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Frontiers of Computer Science 2016年第6期10卷 965-967页

作者： lionel m. ni Haoyu TAN Jiang XIAO Department of Computer and Information Science University of Macao Macao China Fok Ying Tung Graduate School Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong China

Since the early 21st century, big data has drawn much attention from both academia and industry. In the last decade of collecting massive data, seeking innovative applications, and developing powerful technologies, the major focus of the research and engineering in big data has shifted substantially in many aspects. It is time to rethink about this fuzzy term to make clear the upcoming opportunities and the most urgent challenges.

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mViewer： mobile phone spatiotemporal data viewer

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Frontiers of Computer Science 2014年第2期8卷 298-315页

作者： Jiansu PU Siyuan LIU Panpan XU Huamin QU lionel m. ni Department of Computer Science Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong 999077 China iLab Heinz College Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh PA 15601 USA

Nowadays movement patterns and people＇s be- havioral models are needed for traffic engineers and city plan- ners. These observations could be used to reason about mobil- ity and its sustainability and to support decision makers with reliable information. The very same knowledge about human diaspora and behavior extracted from these data is also valu- able to the urban planner, so as to localize new services, orga- nize logistics systems and to detect changes as they occur in the movement behavior. moreover, it is interesting to inves- tigate movement in places like a shopping area or a working district either for commercial purposes or for improving the service quality. These kinds of tracking data are made avail- able by wireless and mobile comm.nication technologies. It is now possible to record and collect a large amount of mobile phone calls in a city. Technologies for object tracking have recently become affordable and reliable and hence we were able to collect mobile phone data from a city in China from January 1, 2008 to December 31, 2008. The large amount of phone call records from mobile operators can be considered as life mates and sensors of persons to inform how many peo- ple are present in any given area and how many are entering or leaving. Each phone call record usually contains the caller and callee IDs, date and time, and the base station where the phone calls are made. As mobile phones are widely used in our daily life, many human behaviors can be revealed by an- alyzing mobile phone data. Through mobile phones, we can learn the information about locations, comm.nications be- tween mobile phone users during their daily *** this work, we propose a comprehensive visual analysissystem named as mViewer, mobile phone spatiotemporal data Viewer, which is the first system to visualize and analyze the population＇s mobility patterns from millions of phone call records. Our system consists of three major components： 1） visual analysis of user groups in

关键词： visual analysis mobility pattern mobile phone

[Determination of eight phthalate metabolites in urine of pregnant women and evaluation of neonatal birth outcomes based on solid-phase extraction-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry]

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Se pu = Chinese journal of chromatography 2025年第1期43卷 60-67页

作者： Zi-Hao Wang meng-Fei Xu Bei-ni Li Ping Wu Wei Wu Hubei University of Chinese medicine Wuhan 430065 China.

Phthalates (PAEs) are endocrine-disrupting chemicals that are widely present in everyday life and enter the human body through various pathways. The release of PAEs into the environment through pathways that include leaching, evaporation, abrasion, and the use of personal care products exposes humans to PAEs via ingestion, inhalation, and dermal absorption. Pregnant women, as a particularly vulnerable population, risk adverse newborn growth and development when exposed to PAEs. While the concentrations of PAEs in urine reflect recent exposure levels in humans, urinary levels of phthalate metabolites (mPAEs) are commonly used as biomarkers of internal exposure owing to the relatively short biological half-lives of PAEs (mance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (SPE-HPLC-mS/mS) method for simultaneously detecting eight mPAEs in the urine of pregnant women. Urine samples were enzymatically hydrolyzed with -glucosidase and then purified using the Bond Elut Plexa SPE column, with subsequent elution, concentration, and redissolved performed prior to HPLC-mS/mS. Separation was achieved using an Agilent Eclipse Plus C18 column (100 mm×3 mm, 3.5 μm), with gradient elution performed using 0.1% acetic acid aqueous solution and 0.1% acetic acid acetonitrile as mobile phases. multiple reaction m.nitoring (mRm) mode was used for detection, with quantification performed using the internal-standard method. Good linearities were obtained in the range of 0.1-200 ng/mL for the eight mPAEs, with limits of detection (LODs) and quantification (LOQs) of 0.015-0.048 and 0.050-0.160 ng/mL, respectively. The eight mPAEs exhibited recoveries of 80.2%-99.7% at three spiked levels (1, 10, and 50 ng/mL). This method was subsequently used to analyze the eight mPAEs levels in urine samples of 497 pregnant women from the Ezhou maternity and Child Health Care Hospital. The participants exhibited widespread exposure t

关键词： birth outcomes high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-mS/mS) phthalate metabolites (mPAEs) urine samples of pregnant women

Electrochemical Behavior of Bulk Amorphous Steel Fe_(55)m_2Cr_(12)mo_(10)B_6C_(13)Y_2 (m.ni,Cu,Nb)

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2010年第5期17卷 69-73页

作者： GUO Jin-hua GAO Zhen ni Xiao-jun LI De-ren LU Zhi-chao Technology Center Advanced Technology and Materials Co Ltd Beijing 100081 China China Iron and Steel Research Institute Group Beijing 100081 China

Fe55 ni2 Cr12 mo10 B6 C13 Y2 , Fe55 Cu2 Cr12 mo10 B6 C13 Y2 and Fe55 Nb2 Cr12 mo10 B6 C13 Y2 alloys with diameter of 4 mm were produced by copper mold casting. The effect of alloying additions （ni, Cu or Nb） on corrosion resistance of Fe55 Nb2 Cr12 mo10B6 C13 Y2, Fe55 ni2 Cr12 mo10 B6 C13 Y2 and Fe55 Cu2 Cr12 mo10 B6 C13 Y2 alloys was studied by polarization curves and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy （EIS）. The results show that Fe55 ni2 Cr12 mo10 B6C13 Y2 and Fe55 Cu2 Crl2 mOl0 B6 C13 Y2 alloys can be cast to form bulk metallic glasses. Fe55 ni2 Cr12 mo10 B6 C13 Y2 and Fe55 Cu2 Cr12 mo10 86 C13 Y2 amorphous alloys with passive potential about 1 500 mV exhibit good corrosion resistance in NaCI solution of 5% and 1 mol/L HC1 solution. The passive current density of the alloy with ni addition is lower than that of other alloys. EIS results only show one impedance element. Amorphous alloy Fe55 ni2 Cr12 mo10 B6C13 Y2 with larger charge transfer reaction resistance indicates good corrosion resistance.

关键词： amorphous steel polarization curve electrochemical impedance spectroscopy

Adsorption and Decarbonylation Reaction of Furfural on the Pd(111) and m/Pd(111)(m.ni, Cu and Ru) Surfaces

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Chinese Journal of Structural Chemistry 2019年第2期38卷 211-223,166页

作者： XIA Sheng-Jie FANG Lei QIAN meng-Dan mENG Yue ni Zhe-ming Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic materials College of Chemical Engineering Zhejiang University of Technology School of Life Sciences Huzhou University

By performing with density functional theory(DFT) method, the detailed adsorption process and the catalytic decarbonylation mechanisms of furfural over Pd(111) and m/Pd(111)(m = ni, Cu, Ru) surfaces toward furan were clarified. The results of atomic size factor, formation energy and d-band center showed that Ru/Pd(111) surface was the most stable and active. The adsorption energies of furfural on the different surfaces followed the order Ru/Pd(111) > Cu/Pd(111) > Pd(111) > ni/Pd(111). After analyzing mulliken atomic charge population and the deformation density, we can find that on Ru/Pd(111) surface, the number of charge transfer was the most and the interaction was the strongest. Therefore, its adsorption energy was the highest. Furthermore, the furfural decarbonylation pathway is more kinetically feasible on bimetallic surface, and the reaction is the most likely to occur on Ru/Pd(111).

关键词： density functional theory furfural Pd(111) bimetallic catalyst adsorption decarbonylation mechanism

Ordered proposition fusion based on consistency and uncertainty measurements

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2017年第8期60卷 117-135页

作者： Dayou LIU Yungang ZHU ni ni Jie LIU College of Computer Science and Technology Jilin University Key Laboratory of Symbolic Computation and Knowledge Engineering of m.nistry of Education Jilin University Beijing Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau

The fusion of ordered propositions is an important and widespread problem in artificial intelligence,but existing fusion methods have difficulty handling the fusion of ordered propositions. In this paper, we propose a solution based on consistency and uncertainty measurements. The main contributions of this paper are as follows. First, we propose the concept of convexity degree, mean, and center of basic support function to comprehensively describe the basic support function of ordered propositions. Second, we introduce entropy as a measure of uncertainty in the basic support function of ordered propositions. Third, we generalize the indeterminacy of the basic support function and propose a novel method to measure the consistency between two basic support functions. Finally, based on the above researches, we propose a novel algorithm for fusing ordered propositions. Theoretical analysis and experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms state-of-the-art methods.

关键词： uncertainty processing ordered proposition evidence theory dempster rule of combination information fusion

Hydrothermal syntheses and structural characterizations of three polyoxomolybdates frameworks linked by m(HL)_2 units(m=Co,ni,Zn;L=3-(2-pyridyl)pyrazole)

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Science China Chemistry 2010年第11期53卷 2285-2290,2407-2408页

作者： ZHANG XiuTang WU XiaoYuan SUN DaoFeng WEI PeiHai ni ZhongHai DOU Jianmin LI DaCheng SHI CongWen HU Bo Advanced material Institute of Research Department of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringQilu Normal UniversityJinan 250013China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shandong UniversityJinan 250100China State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of MatterChinese Academy of SciencesFuzhou 350002China College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Liaocheng UniversityLiaocheng 252059China

Three polyoxomolybdate compounds,namely {[mII(HL)2]2(mo8O26)}n(m = Co(1),ni(2),Zn(3))(HL,3-(2-pyridyl)pyrazole),were designed and synthesized under the hydrothermal conditions and characterized by elemental analysis,IR spectroscopy,and ***-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis results reveal that compounds 1-3 own the isostructural chain structure consisting of the β-[mo8O26]4- anions,which are linked by m(HL)22+ units via the terminal oxygen *** curves show that the organic ligands separate from the related compounds above ca.673 K.

关键词： polyoxomolybdate 3-(2-pyridyl)pyrazole cobalt nickel zinc