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Seasonal Cumulative Effect of Ural Blocking Episodes on the Frequent Cold events in China during the Early Winter of 2020/21

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2022年第4期39卷 609-624页

作者： Yao YAO Wenqi ZHANG Dehai LUO linhao zhong Lin PEI Key Laboratory of Regional Climate-Environment for Temperate East Asia Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029China Institute of Urban Meteorology China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100029China

Starting in mid-November,China was hit by several cold events during the early winter of 2020/21.The lowest temperature observed at Beijing station on 7 January reached−19.6°C.In this paper,we show that the outbreak of the record-breaking extreme cold event can be attributed to a huge merging Ural blocking(UB)ridge over the Eurasian region.The sea-ice cover in the Kara and East Siberia Seas(KESS)in autumn was at its lowest value since 1979,which could have served as a precursor signal.Further analysis shows that several successive UB episodes occurred from 1 September 2020 to 10 January 2021.The persistent UB that occurred in late September/early October 2020 may have made an important contribution to the October historical minimum of sea ice in the KESS region.Our results also show that,after each UB episode in winter,significant upward propagation of wave activity occurred around 60°E,which resulted in weakening the stratospheric vortex.Meanwhile,each UB episode also caused a significant reduction in sea-ice extent in KESS and a significant weakening of the westerly jet in mid-high-latitude Eurasia.Results suggest that the Arctic vortex,which is supposed to enhance seasonally,became weaker and more unstable than the climatic mean under the seasonal cumulative effects of UB episodes,KESS warming,and long-lasting negative-phase North Atlantic Oscillation(NAO-).Those seasonal cumulative effects,combined with the impact of La Niña winter,led to the frequent occurrence of extreme cold events.

关键词： extreme cold events Ural blocking Arctic sea ice Arctic vortex cumulative effect

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Quantifying the Spatial Characteristics of the Moisture Transport Affecting Precipitation Seasonality and Recycling Variability in Central Asia

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2022年第6期39卷 967-984页

作者： linhao zhong Lijuan HUA Zhaohui GONG Yao YAO Lin MU National Institute of Natural Hazards Ministry of Emergency Management of ChinaBeijing 100085China Key Laboratory of Computational Geodynamics College of Earth and Planetary SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China CAS Key Laboratory of Regional Climate-Environment for Temperate East Asia Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China College of Life Sciences and Oceanography Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China

Moisture contribution and transport pathways for Central Asia(CA)are quantitatively examined using the Lagrangian water cycle model based on reanalysis and observational data to explain the precipitation seasonality and the moisture transport variation during 1979-2015.Westerly-related(northwesterly and westerly)transport explains 42%of CA precipitation and dominates in southwest CA,where precipitation is greatest in the cold season.Southeast CA,including part of Northwest China,experiences its maximum precipitation in the warm season and is solely dominated by southerly transport,which explains about 48%of CA precipitation.The remaining 10%of CA precipitation is explained by northerly transport,which steadily impacts north CA and causes a maximum in precipitation in the warm season.Most CA areas are exposed to seasonally varying moisture transport,except for southeast and north CA,which are impacted by southerly and northerly transport year-round.In general,the midlatitude westerlies-driven transport and the Indian monsoon-driven southerly-related transport explain most of the spatial differences in precipitation seasonality over CA.Moreover,the contribution ratio of local evaporation in CA to precipitation exhibits significant interdecadal variability and a meridionally oriented tripole of moisture transport anomalies.Since the early 2000s,CA has experienced a decade of anomalously low local moisture contribution,which seems jointly determined by the weakened moisture contribution from midlatitudes(the Atlantic,Europe,and CA itself)and the enhanced contribution from high latitudes(West Siberia and the Arctic)and tropical areas(South Asia and the Indian Ocean).

关键词： Central Asia precipitation seasonality recycling ratio moisture transport dynamical recycling model interdecadal variability

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Extreme Cold Events in North America and Eurasia in November-December 2022: A Potential Vorticity Gradient Perspective

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2023年第6期40卷 953-962,I0002-I0005页

作者： Yao YAO Wenqin ZHUO Zhaohui GONG Binhe LUO Dehai LUO Fei ZHENG linhao zhong Fei HUANG Shuangmei MA Congwen ZHU Tianjun ZHOU CAS Key Laboratory of Regional Climate-Environment for Temperate East Asia Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Frontier Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System(FDOMES)and Physical Oceanography Laboratory Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China International Center for Climate and Environment Science(ICCES) Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China National Institute of Natural Hazards Ministry of Emergency Management of ChinaBeijing 100085China State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesChina Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modelling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics(LASG) Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China

From 17 November to 27 December 2022, extremely cold snowstorms frequently swept across North America and Eurasia. Diagnostic analysis reveals that these extreme cold events were closely related to the establishment of blocking circulations. Alaska Blocking(AB) and subsequent Ural Blocking(UB) episodes are linked to the phase transition of the North Atlantic Oscillation(NAO) and represent the main atmospheric regimes in the Northern Hemisphere. The downstream dispersion and propagation of Rossby wave packets from Alaska to East Asia provide a large-scale connection between AB and UB episodes. Based on the nonlinear multi-scale interaction(NMI) model, we found that the meridional potential vorticity gradient(PVy) in November and December of 2022 was anomalously weak in the mid-high latitudes from North America to Eurasia and provided a favorable background for the prolonged maintenance of UB and AB events and the generation of associated severe extreme snowstorms. However, the difference in the UB in terms of its persistence,location, and strength between November and December is related to the positive(negative) NAO in November(December). During the La Ni?a winter of 2022, the UB and AB events are related to the downward propagation of stratospheric anomalies, in addition to contributions by La Ni?a and low Arctic sea ice concentrations as they pertain to reducing PVyin mid-latitudes.

关键词： successive cold extremes atmospheric blocking NAO potential vorticity gradient water vapor backward tracking Arctic sea ice La Niña

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Frequent central Pacific La Nina events may accelerate Arctic warming since the 1980s

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2021年第11期40卷 62-69页

作者： Jing Li Lin Mu linhao zhong College of Life Sciences and Oceanography Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China College of Marine Science and Technology China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Guangzhou) Guangzhou 511458China CAS Key Laboratory of Regional Climate-Environment for Temperate East Asia Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China

Including significant warming trend,Arctic climate changes also exhibit strong interannual variations in various fields,which is suggested to be related to El Nino and Southern Oscillation(ENSO)events.Previous studies have demonstrated the different impacts on the Arctic of central Pacific(CP)and eastern Pacific(EP)ENSO events,and suggested these impacts are largely of opposite sign for ENSO warm and cold phases.Our results illustrate asymmetrical changes for the cold and warm ENSO events,especially for the La Nina events.Compared to the past frequent basin-wide cooling La Nina events,since the 1980 s the cooling center for the La Nina event has strengthened and moved westward along with the increasing frequency for the canonical and CP La Nina events.Contrary to the basin-wide cooling and canonical La Nina events,the frequent CP La Nina events induce significant warming from the Beaufort Sea to Greenland via the convection center moving northward over the western Pacific.Observation analysis and numerical experiments both suggest that the changes in La Nina type may also accelerate Arctic warming.

关键词： ENSO diversity La Nina type the Arctic warming

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Datasets of meteorological drought events and risks for the developing countries in Eurasia

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Big Earth Data 2020年第2期4卷 191-223页

作者： linhao zhong Lijuan Hua zhongwei Yan CAS Key Laboratory of Regional Climate-Environment for Temperate East Asia Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Key Laboratory of Computational Geodynamics University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina

For the area of Eurasia concentrated with developing countries(referred to here by the abbreviation DPEA),mainly located in Asia and Eastern Europe,this work presents datasets of gridded meteorological drought events and country-based drought risk by combining multiple drought indices and socio-economic data.A basic gridded dataset of the drought events during 1950-2015 is extracted from three drought indices:the self-calibrating Palmer Drought Severity Index,the Standardized Precipitation Index,and the Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index.The three drought indices generally show consistent characteristics of drought events in DPEA.A second-level dataset(a drought risk dataset)is then produced as the product of drought hazard,exposure and vulnerability during 2000-2015.For drought exposure,the indicators of population and livestock density,agricultural land and water stress are chosen,while drought vulnerability composites multiple social,economic and infrastructural factors.Drought hazard tends to concentrate at the southern rim of Eurasia.Relatively large differences in drought exposure exist between different countries,but for drought vulnerability the differences are small.After considering the socio-economic components in risk assessment,most countries in West,South-Central and South Asia have the highest drought risk in DPEA.The datasets of drought events and risks are available at http://***/10.11922/sciencedb.898.

关键词： Drought events drought risks the developing countries in Eurasia drought exposure drought vulnerability

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Genomic analysis of Nypa fruticans elucidates its intertidal adaptations and early palm evolution

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2024年第4期66卷 824-843页

作者： Weihong Wu Xiao Feng Nan Wang Shao Shao Min Liu Fa Si linhao Chen Chuanfeng Jin Shaohua Xu Zixiao Guo Cairong zhong Suhua Shi Ziwen He State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources School of Life SciencesSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China Greater Bay Area Institute of Precision Medicine School of Life SciencesFudan UniversityGuangzhou 511462China Hainan Academy of Forestry(Hainan Academy of Mangrove) Haikou 571100China

Nypa fruticans(Wurmb),a mangrove palm species with origins dating back to the Late Cretaceous period,is a unique species for investigating long-term adaptation strategies to intertidal environments and the early evolution of palms.Here,we present a chromosome-level genome sequence and assembly for N.fruticans.We integrated the genomes of N.fruticans and other palm family members for a comparative genomic analysis,which confirmed that the common ancestor of all palms experienced a whole-genome duplication event around 89 million years ago,shaping the distinctive characteristics observed in this clade.We also inferred a low mutation rate for the N.fruticans genome,which underwent strong purifying selection and evolved slowly,thus contributing to its stability over a long evolutionary period.Moreover,ancient duplicates were preferentially retained,with critical genes having experienced positive selection,enhancing waterlogging tolerance in N.fruticans.Furthermore,we discovered that the pseudogenization of Early Methionine-labelled 1(EM1)and EM6 in N.fruticans underly its crypto-vivipary characteristics,reflecting its intertidal adaptation.Our study provides valuable genomic insights into the evolutionary history,genome stability,and adaptive evolution of the mangrove palm.Our results also shed light on the long-term adaptation of this species and contribute to our understanding of the evolutionary dynamics in the palm family.

关键词： crypto-vivipary genome stability long-term adaptation mangrove Nypa fruticans palm

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黑潮延伸体中尺度涡年代际变化与北太平洋风暴轴变化之间的关系

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大气科学 2015年第5期39卷 861-874页

作者：冯劭华罗德海钟霖浩中国海洋大学青岛266100 中国海洋大学物理海洋教育部重点实验室青岛266100 中国科学院大气物理研究所东亚区域气候-环境重点实验室北京100029

利用18年带通滤波的卫星高度计资料，通过引入黑潮延伸体中尺度涡能量（EKE）的面积指数，分析了黑潮延伸体中尺度涡EKE的强度和位置的年代际变化特征，并使用回归分析等方法分析了它们与北太平洋风暴轴之间的关系。结果表明，黑潮延伸... 详细信息

利用18年带通滤波的卫星高度计资料，通过引入黑潮延伸体中尺度涡能量（EKE）的面积指数，分析了黑潮延伸体中尺度涡EKE的强度和位置的年代际变化特征，并使用回归分析等方法分析了它们与北太平洋风暴轴之间的关系。结果表明，黑潮延伸体中尺度涡增强与北太平洋风暴轴的增强相对应，而EKE位置偏北（南）时对应的北太平洋风暴轴也偏北（南），同时当EKE的位置偏东（偏西）时北太平洋风暴轴则西退（东移）。此外，北太平洋风暴轴的变化对黑潮延伸体也可能有一定的反馈作用，黑潮延伸体中尺度涡EKE强度的变化与北太平洋风暴轴EOF第一和第三个模态（第二个模态）回归的海表面高度距平模态有明显的3～4年滞后的正（负）相关，而黑潮延伸体中尺度涡EKE位置的变化则相反。这种滞后相关可能是通过北太平洋风暴轴驱动的遥相关型环流改变海表面风应力旋度并强迫出的海表面高度距平的西传导致的。

关键词：黑潮延伸体中尺度涡风暴轴相关性

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华西秋雨趋势变化的年代际转折及其成因分析

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气候与环境研究 2020年第1期25卷 90-102页

作者：陈剀钟霖浩华丽娟陈文中国科学院大学地球与行星科学学院北京100049 中国科学院计算地球动力学重点实验室北京100049 中国科学院大气物理研究所东亚区域气候环境重点实验室北京100029 中国科学院大气物理研究所季风系统研究中心北京100029

华西地区(25°N^35°N,100°E^110°E)是中国秋季降水主要地区之一。本文根据华西地区72站月平均降水资料、NCEP/NCAR再分析资料和哈德莱中心海温及海冰资料,利用相关和回归等分析方法研究了1961~2014年华西地区秋雨的年代际变率及其与... 详细信息

华西地区(25°N^35°N,100°E^110°E)是中国秋季降水主要地区之一。本文根据华西地区72站月平均降水资料、NCEP/NCAR再分析资料和哈德莱中心海温及海冰资料,利用相关和回归等分析方法研究了1961~2014年华西地区秋雨的年代际变率及其与大气环流和海温的关系。华西秋季降水年代际变率分解为呈现显著下降趋势的P1时段(1964~1998年)和呈现上升趋势的P2时段(1998~2014年)发现,对应P1时段降水下降趋势的华西区域大气位势高度异常场具有西正东负结构,大尺度环流场显示为从大西洋东传经北极巴伦支—喀拉海区至东亚的准纬向波列,该波列体现了上游负位相NAO(North Atlantic Oscillation)的调制作用。对于P2时段的降水上升趋势,其位势高度场配置与P1时段相反,而大尺度波列结构在欧亚大陆的部分呈西北—东南走向,且整体偏西,体现了上游正位相NAO的调制作用。这种环流结构导致华西区域西北侧形成负异常中心,有利于西南暖湿气流进入研究区域。影响华西秋雨趋势转折的海温关键区位于热带中东太平洋和热带印度洋。在P1时段,华西秋雨降水趋势与同期热带中东太平洋和印度洋海温呈显著正相关关系。而在P2时段,华西秋雨与前冬热带中东太平洋和印度洋海温存在显著负相关,前冬西北太平洋海温正异常也同时影响了华西秋雨的上升趋势。

关键词：华西秋雨年代际趋势变化投影时间序列大气环流海温

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南海中尺度涡旋的统计特征

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中国科学院大学学报（中英文） 2016年第1期33卷 97-106页

作者：黄亚文华丽娟钟霖浩冯士德中国科学院大学地球科学学院中国科学院计算地球动力学重点实验室北京100049 中国科学院大气物理研究所中国科学院东亚区域气候环境重点实验室北京100029 中国科学院大气物理研究所中国科学院云降水物理与强风暴重点实验室北京100029

利用1992年10月至2012年4月共19.5年的中尺度涡集研究南海中尺度涡的统计特征.南海中尺度涡呈东北—西南向分布,其中大多数涡旋向西移动并伴有经向偏移.受南海环流形式的影响,东向移动涡旋多发生于吕宋岛西南部和越南东部海域.涡旋发生... 详细信息

利用1992年10月至2012年4月共19.5年的中尺度涡集研究南海中尺度涡的统计特征.南海中尺度涡呈东北—西南向分布,其中大多数涡旋向西移动并伴有经向偏移.受南海环流形式的影响,东向移动涡旋多发生于吕宋岛西南部和越南东部海域.涡旋发生的季节变化显示在台湾和吕宋岛西南部.气旋（反气旋）式涡多发于春（冬）季,在吕宋岛西北部和越南东南部,气旋式涡多发生于冬季,反气旋式涡分别多发于秋季和夏季.进一步的相关性分析表明,地转涡度与涡旋形成具有较强相关性,风应力能量输入对涡旋的影响有限.

关键词：南海中尺度涡季节变化空间变化

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海温异常对东亚夏季风强度先兆信号的影响

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应用气象学报 2015年第5期26卷 536-544页

作者：柯宗建华丽娟钟霖浩杜良敏国家气候中心中国气象局气候研究开放实验室北京100081 中国科学院大学地球科学学院北京100049 中国科学院大气物理研究所东亚区域气候-环境重点实验室北京100029 武汉区域气候中心武汉430074

利用ERA—Interim再分析资料、NOAA海温资料、CMAP格点降水资料和中国气象站降水资料,通过合成、相关和回归分析等方法研究了1979—2012年东亚夏季风强度与其先兆信号的关系,并分析了热带海温异常的可能影响。研究表明:东亚夏季风先兆... 详细信息

利用ERA—Interim再分析资料、NOAA海温资料、CMAP格点降水资料和中国气象站降水资料,通过合成、相关和回归分析等方法研究了1979—2012年东亚夏季风强度与其先兆信号的关系,并分析了热带海温异常的可能影响。研究表明:东亚夏季风先兆指数反映了2月200 hPa纬向风距平的主要模态特征(EOF1),前冬热带中东太平洋海温偏低(高),2月亚洲地区西风急流位置偏北(偏南),东亚夏季风先兆指数偏强(弱)。前期热带海温异常对东亚夏季风强度有明显影响,前冬热带中东太平洋海温偏低(高)有利于东亚夏季风偏强(弱)。2月亚洲中纬度地区纬向风异常特征在春季不能持续,先兆信号与东亚夏季风强度的联系主要源自热带海洋。

关键词：东亚夏季风先兆信号指数海温多雨带

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