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The Spring of the Earth, the Sun and the Universe

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Journal of Modern Physics 2013年第9期4卷 1205-1212页

作者： ling man tsang Fisica Laboratorio TIS Block K Macao University of Science and Technology Macao China

A spring term is added into Newton’s law of gravitation. The spring k of the earth is found to be 1.21 × 10-8/sec2. The PPN gamma is a dependence of distance r from the sun. The expanding universe is due to the cosmological constant. The Hubble constant is found to be the square root of the cosmological constant. The query of the missing dark matter in the galaxies is clarified.

关键词： Cosmological Constant Expanding Universe Dark Matter

Recent progress on the Dirichlet divisor problem and the mean square of the Riemann zeta-function

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Science China Mathematics 2010年第9期53卷 2561-2572页

作者： tsang Kai-man Department of Mathematics The University of Hong Kong

Let Δ(x) and E(t) denote respectively the remainder terms in the Dirichlet divisor problem and the mean square formula for the Riemann zeta-function on the critical *** article is a survey of recent developments on the research of these famous error terms in number *** include upper bounds,Ω-results,sign changes,moments and distribution,etc.A few open problems are also discussed.

关键词： divisor problems Riemann’s zeta-function mean values

Waring-Goldbach Problem for Unlike Powers

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2007年第2期23卷 265-280页

作者： Xiu Min REN Kai man tsang Department of Mathematics Shandong University Department of Mathematics The University of Hong Kong

In this paper, it is proved that with at most O（N65/66） exceptions, all even positive integers up to N are expressible in the form p^2 2＋p^3 3＋p^4 4＋p^5 5. This improves a recent result O（N19193/19200＋ε） due... 详细信息

关键词： Waring-Goldbach problem circle method exceptional set

The role of Epstein-Barr virus infection in the pathogenesis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma

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Virologica Sinica 2015年第2期30卷 107-121页

作者： Chi man tsang Sai Wah Tsao Department of Anatomy Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR China

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC) is closely associated with Epstein-Barr virus(EBV) infection. EBV episomes are detected in almost all NPC cells. The role of EBV in NPC pathogenesis has long been postulated but remains enigmatic. In contrast to infection of B lymphocytes, EBV infection does not directly transform nasopharyngeal epithelial cells into proliferative clones with malignant potential. EBV infection of normal pharyngeal epithelial cells is predominantly lytic in nature. Genetic alterations in premalignant nasopharyngeal epithelium, in combination with inflammatory stimulation in the nasopharyngeal mucosa, presumably play essential roles in the establishment of a latent EBV infection in infected nasopharyngeal epithelial cells during the early development of NPC. Establishment of latent EBV infection in premalignant nasopharyngeal epithelial cells and expression of latent viral genes, including the BART transcripts and BART-encoded micro RNAs, are crucial features of NPC. Expression of EBV genes may drive further malignant transformation of premalignant nasopharyngeal epithelial cells into cancer cells. The difficulties involved in the establishment of NPC cell lines and the progressive loss of EBV epsiomes in NPC cells propagated in culture strongly implicate the contribution of host stromal components to the growth of NPC cells in vivo and maintenance of EBV in infected NPC cells. Defining the growth advantages of EBV-infected NPC cells in vivo will lead to a better understanding of the contribution of EBV infection in NPC pathogenesis, and may lead to the identification of novel therapeutic targets for NPC treatment.

关键词： Epstein-Barr virus(EBV) nasopharyngeal carcinoma latent infection pathogenesis inflammation

Epstein-Barr virus infection and persistence in nasopharyngeal epithelial cells

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Chinese Journal of Cancer 2014年第11期33卷 549-555页

作者： Chi man tsang Wen Deng Yim ling Yip Mu-Sheng Zeng Kwok Wai Lo Sai Wah Tsao Department of Anatomy Li Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong Kong School of Nursing Li Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong Kong State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology The Chinese University of Hong Kong

Epstein-Barr virus(EBV) infection is closely associated with undifferentiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC), strongly implicating a role for EBV in NPC pathogenesis; conversely, EBV infection is rarely detected in normal nasopharyngeal epithelial tissues. In general, EBV does not show a strong tropism for infecting human epithelial cells, and EBV infection in oropharyngeal epithelial cells is believed to be lytic in nature. To establish life-long infection in humans, EBV has evolved efficient strategies to infect B cells and hijack their cellular machinery for latent infection. Lytic EBV infection in oropharyngeal epithelial cells, though an infrequent event, is believed to be a major source of infectious EBV particles for salivary transmission. The biological events associated with nasopharyngeal epithelial cells are only beginning to be understood with the advancement of EBV infection methods and the availability of nasopharyngeal epithelial cell models for EBV infection studies. EBV infection in human epithelial cells is a highly inefficient process compared to that in B cells, which express the complement receptor type 2(CR2) to mediate EBV infection. Although receptor(s) on the epithelial cell surface for EBV infection remain(s) to be identified, EBV infection in epithelial cells could be achieved via the interaction of glycoproteins on the viral envelope with surface integrins on epithelial cells, which might trigger membrane fusion to internalize EBV in cells. Normal nasopharyngeal epithelial cells are not permissive for latent EBV infection, and EBV infection in normal nasopharyngeal epithelial cells usually results in growth arrest. However, genetic alterations in premalignant nasopharyngeal epithelial cells, including p16 deletion and cyclin D1 overexpression, could override the growth inhibitory effect of EBV infection to support stable and latent EBV infection in nasopharyngeal epithelial cells. The EBV episome in NPC is clonal in nature, suggesting that

关键词：病毒感染上皮细胞鼻咽癌持久性细胞周期蛋白D1 全国人民代表大会生长抑制作用 EB病毒

Arsenic Accumulation in Rice:Sources,Human Health Impact and Probable Mitigation Approaches

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Rice science 2022年第4期29卷 309-327页

作者： Md ROKONUZZAman LI Wai Chin man Yu Bon tsang Yiu Fai YE Zhihong Department of Science and Environmental Studies the Education University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China School of Life Sciences Sun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou 510006China

The human body loading with arsenic(As)through rice consumption is a global health *** is a crucial need to limit As build-up in rice,either by remediating As accumulation in soils or reducing As levels in irrigation *** conventional approaches have been utilized to alleviate the As accumulation in ***,except for some irrigation practices,those approaches success and the adoption rate are not *** review presents human health risks posed due to consumption of As contaminated rice,evaluates different biomarkers for tracing As loading in the human body,and discusses the latest advancement in As reducing technologies emphasizing the application of seed priming,nanotechnology,and biochar application for limiting As loading in rice *** also evaluate different irrigation techniques to reduce As accumulation in *** water management regimes significantly reduces grain As ***-and nano-priming of rice seeds improve germination and minimize As translocation in rice tissues by protecting cell membrane,building pool around seed coat,methylation and volatilization,or quenching harmful effects of reactive oxygen *** application in the form of nano-adsorbents or nano-fertilizers facilitates nano-remediation of As through the formation of Fe plaque or sorption or oxidation *** biochar in the rice fields significantly reduces As through immobilization,physical adsorption,or surface *** conclusion,As content in cooked rice depends on irrigation source and raw rice As level.

关键词： arsenic rice scalp hair irrigation management seed priming nanotechnology biochar human health

Inactivated Sendai Virus Induces Apoptosis Mediated by Reactive Oxygen Species in Murine Melanoma Cells

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2016年第12期29卷 877-884页

作者： GAO Hui LI ling YU ZHANG man ZHANG Quan College of Clinical Medicine of Yangzhou University Yangzhou 225001JiangsuChina Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses College of Veterinary MedicineYangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009JiangsuChina

Objective This paper aims to investigate the apoptotic effect of inactivated Sendai virus （hemagglutinating virus of Japan-enveloped, HVJ-E） on routine melanoma cells （B16FlO） and the possible mechanisms involved in the putative apoptotic reactions. Methods B16F10 cells were treated with HVJ-E at various multiplicities of infection （MOI）, and the reactive oxygen species （ROS）, cell viability, and apoptosis were measured. Next, the roles of ROS in the regulation of Bcl-2/Bax and the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase （MAPK） pathways in HVJ-E-treated B16F10 cells were analyzed. To further evaluate the cytotoxic effect of HVJ-E-generated ROS on B16FlO cells, HVJ-E was intratumorally injected, both with and without N-acetyI-L-cysteine （NAC）, into melanoma tumors on BALB/c mice. Tumor volume was then monitored for 3 weeks, and the tumor proteins were separated for immunoblot assay. Results Treatment of B16F10 cells with HVJ-E resulted in a dose-dependent inhibition of cell-viability and an induction of apoptosis. The latter effect was associated with the generation of ROS. Inhibition of ROS generation by NAC resulted in a significant reduction of HVJ-E-induced Erkl/2, JNK, and p38 MAPK activation. Additionally, ROS inhibition caused a decrease in the Bcl-2/Bax ratio as well as promoting activation of apoptosis both in vitro and in vivo. Conclusion These results suggest that HVJ-E possesses potential anticancer activity in B16F10 cells through ROS-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction involving the MAPK pathway.

关键词： Inactivated Sendai virus (HVJ-E) Reactive oxygen species MAPK Apoptosis

Research　on　probability　of　seismic　critical　instability　on　basis　of''fracture　collusion''　model

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Acta Seismologica Sinica(English Edition) 1998年第4期11卷 473-478页

作者： Shi-Yong Zhou ling-Ren Zhu man-Da Wang Seismological Bureau of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Urumqi China Doctorate student of Institute of Geophysics China Seismological Bureau China Institute of Geophysics State Seismological Bureau Beijing China

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Ｒｅｓｅａｒｃｈｏｎｐｒｏｂａｂｉｌｉｔｙｏｆｓｅｉｓｍｉｃｃｒｉｔｉｃａｌｉｎｓｔａｂｉｌｉｔｙｏｎｂａｓｉｓｏｆ＇＇ｆｒａｃｔｕｒｅｃｏｌｌｕｓｉｏｎ＇＇ｍｏｄｅｌＳＨＩ－ＹＯＮＧＺＨＯＵ１）（周仕勇），ＬＩＮＧ－ＲＥＮＺＨＵ１）（朱令人），ＭＡ...

关键词： Fracture penetration Probability of critical instability Renormalization relationship

Immunoregulatory and Anti-cancer Activities of Combination Treatment of Novel Four-Herb Formula and Doxorubicin in 4T1-Breast Cancer Bearing Mice

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第4期30卷 311-321页

作者： Lea ling-Yu Kan Ben Chung-Lap Chan Grace Gar-Lee Yue LI Pei-ting Sharon Sze-man Hon HUANG Dan-qi Miranda Sin-man tsang Clara Bik-San Lau Ping-Chung Leung Chun-Kwok Wong Institute of Chinese Medicine The Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina State Key Laboratory of Research on Bioactivities and Clinical Applications of Medicinal Plants The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Chemical Pathology The Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina China-Australia International Research Centre for Chinese Medicine School of Health and Biomedical SciencesSTEM CollegeRMIT UniversityBundooraVictoriaAustralia Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin R&D Centre for Chinese Medicine The Chinese University of Hong Kong SARHong KongChina

Objective To investigate the in vivo immunomodulatory and anti-tumor mechanisms of the combined treatment of novel Four-Herb formula(4HF)and doxorubicin in triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC).Methods Murine-derived triple-negative mammary carcinoma cell line,4T1 cells,was cultured and inoculated into mouse mammary ***-six mice were randomly assigned into 6 groups(n=11 in ench):naive,control,LD 4HF(low dose 4HF),HD 4HF(high dose 4HF),LD 4HF+D(low dose and doxorubicin),and D(doxorubicin).Apart from the naive group,each mouse received subcutaneous inoculation with 5×10^(5)4T1 cells resuspended in 100µL of normal saline in the mammary fat *** from the day of tumor cell inoculation,tumors were grown for 6 *** LD and HD groups received daily oral gavage of 658 and 2,630 mg/kg 4HF,*** LD 4HF+D group received daily oral gavage of 658 mg/kg 4HF and weekly intraperitoneal injection of doxorubicin(5 mg/kg).The D group received weekly intraperitoneal injections of doxorubicin(5 mg/kg).The treatment naive mice received daily oral gavage of 0.2 mL double distilled water and 0.1 mL normal saline via intraperitoneal injection once a *** control group received daily oral gavage of 0.2 mL double-distilled *** treatment period was 30 *** the end of treatment,mice organs were harvested to analyze immunological activities via immunophenotyping,gene and multiplex analysis,histological staining,and gut microbiota *** Mice treated with the combination of 4HF and doxorubicin resulted in significantly reduced tumor and spleen burdens(Pmanipulated gut microbiota to favor the anti-tumor immunological ***,immunosuppressive genes,cytokines,and chemokines such as C-C motif chemokine 2 and interleukin-10 of tumors were significantly downregulated(P<0.05).4HF-doxorubicin combination treatment demonstrated synergetic activities and was most effective

关键词： adjunctivetherapy breast cancer cytokines Chinese medicine tumor microenvironment