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HIV Vaccine-Challenges and Opportunities

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Virologica Sinica 2007年第6期22卷 486-492页

作者： Xin MA Cai-jun SUN Feng li ling chen Guangzhou Institute of Biomedicine and Health Guangzhou International Business Incubator Science Park Guangzhou 510663 China

The need for an efficacious HIV/AIDS vaccine remains the highest priority of the world HIV/AIDS agenda. The generation of an efficacious HIV/AIDS vaccine proves an enormous scientific challenge. This article reviews the neutralizing antibody problem,elusive immune protection,im-munogen design,pre-existing anti-vector immunity and design of phase 3 vaccine trials and the challenges and opportunities in development of HIV/AIDS vaccine are discussed.

关键词： Neutralizing antibody Cellular immune Protective immunity Immunogen Efficacy studies

Two new isospirostanol sapogenins from Reineckia carnea

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2012年第11期23卷 1240-1242页

作者： Yao Wang Na Han ling li chen Zhi Hui liu li Bo Zou Jun Yin School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica Shenyang Pharmaceutical UniversityShenyang 110016China Development and Utilization Key Laboratory of Northeast Authentic Materials Research and Development in liaoning Province School of Traditional Chinese Materia MedicaShenyang Pharmaceutical UniversityShenyang 110016China

Two new isospirostanol sapogenins named （25R）-5/%spirostane-（1αα 3a）-diol （1） and （25R）-5/%spirostane-（1α, 2α, 3α, 4α）- tetrol （2） were isolated from the whole herb ofReineckia carnea （Andr.） Kunth... 详细信息

关键词： Reineckia carnea (Andr) Kunth. Chemical constituent Isospirostanol sapogenin

Long-term outcomes of endoscopic submucosal dissection for high-grade dysplasia and early-stage carcinoma in the colorectum

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Cancer Communications 2018年第1期38卷 42-49页

作者： Tao chen Wen-Zheng Qin li-Qing Yao Yun-Shi Zhong Yi-Qun Zhang Wei-Feng chen Jian-Wei Hu Marie Ooi ling-li chen Ying-Yong Hou Mei-Dong Xu Ping-Hong Zhou Endoscopy Center Zhongshan Hospital and Endoscopy Research InstituteFudan University180 Fenglin RoadShanghai 200032P.R.China Department of Pathology Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai 200032P.R.China

Background:Colorectal carcinomas(CRCs)arise from premalignant precursors in an adenoma-carcinoma sequence,in which adenoma with high-grade dysplasia(HGD)and early-stage carcinoma are defined as advanced neoplasia.A limited number of studies have evaluated the long-term outcomes of endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD)for advanced colorectal *** study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of ESD for advanced colorectal neoplasia as well as the long-term outcomes,including local recurrence and ***:We analyzed data collected from 610 consecutive patients with 616 advanced colorectal neoplasia lesions treated with ESD between January 2007 and December ***,endoscopic,and histological data were col-lected over a median follow-up period of 58 months to determine tumor stage and type,resection status,complica-tions,tumor recurrence,and distant ***:The overall rates of en bloc resection,histological complete resection,and major complications were 94.3%,89.4%,and 2.3%,*** ESD was an independent factor of piecemeal *** location in the colon was associated with increased risk of ESD-related *** the follow-up period,all patients remained free of ***,local recurrence occurred in 4 patients(0.8%);piecemeal resection was a risk ***:ESD is effective and safe for resection of advanced colorectal neoplasia,with a high en bloc resection rate and favorable long-term *** is indicated for the treatment of HGD and early-stage CRC to obtain cura-tive resection and reduce local recurrence rate.

关键词： Early-stage carcinoma High-grade dysplasia Colorectum Endoscopic submucosal resection

Spatial differentiation of carbon emissions from energy consumption based on machine learning algorithm:A case study during 2015–2020 in Shaanxi,China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第3期149卷 358-373页

作者： Hongye Cao ling Han Ming liu liangzhi li China Jikan Research Institute of Engineering Investigations and Design Co.Ltd.Xi’an 710043China College of Geological Engineering and Geomatics Chang’an UniversityXi’an 710061China School of Land Engineering Chang’an UniversityXi’an 710064China Xi’an Key Laboratory of Territorial Spatial Information School of Land EngineeringChang’an UniversityXi’an 710064China Department of Geography and Environmental Management University of WaterlooWaterlooOntario N2L 3G1Canada

Carbon emissions resulting from energy consumption have become a pressing issue for governments *** estimation of carbon emissions using satellite remote sensing data has become a crucial research *** studies relied on statistical regression models that failed to capture the complex nonlinear relationships between carbon emissions and characteristic *** this study,we propose a machine learning algorithm for carbon emissions,a Bayesian optimized XGboost regression model,using multi-year energy carbon emission data and nighttime lights(NTL)remote sensing data from Shaanxi Province,*** results demonstrate that the XGboost algorithm outperforms linear regression and four other machine learning models,with an R^(2)of 0.906 and RMSE of *** observe an annual increase in carbon emissions,with high-emission counties primarily concentrated in northern and central Shaanxi Province,displaying a shift from discrete,sporadic points to contiguous,extended spatial *** autocorrelation clustering reveals predominantly high-high and low-low clustering patterns,with economically developed counties showing high-emission clustering and economically relatively backward counties displaying low-emission *** findings show that the use of NTL data and the XGboost algorithm can estimate and predict carbon emissionsmore accurately and provide a complementary reference for satellite remote sensing image data to serve carbon emission monitoring and *** research provides an important theoretical basis for formulating practical carbon emission reduction policies and contributes to the development of techniques for accurate carbon emission estimation using remote sensing data.

关键词： Machine learning Energy carbon emissions Nighttime light Spatial distribution

Fluorine-functionalized zirconium-organic cages for efficient photocatalytic oxidation of thioanisole

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2025年第1期36卷 632-636页

作者： Jia-Ru li Ning li li-ling He Jun He School of Chemical Engineering and light Industry Guangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006China School of Chemistry South China Normal UniversityGuangzhou 510006China

Zirconium-based metal-organic cages(Zr-MOCs)typically exhibit high stability,but their structural and application reports are scarce due to stringent crystallization *** have successfully fluorinated the classical Zr-MOCs(ZrT-3)for the first time,obtaining the fluorinated MOCs(ZrT-3-F).Notably,ZrT-3-F not only inherits the high stability of its parent structure,but also acts as a catalyst for the effective oxidation of benzyl thioether for the first *** reaction can reach a conversion rate of 99%in 6 h,and the selectivity reaches 95%,which far exceeds the non-fluorinated *** work proves that the specific functionalization of the classical Zr-MOCs can further expand their application potential,such as catalysis.

关键词： Ultraviolet light Fluorine Zirconium-based metal-organic cages Sulfide oxidation Multiphase photocatalysis

Interfacial behaviors between ZG13Cr9Mo1VNbN stainless steel and chromite sand

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2025年第1期32卷 129-143页

作者： Shi-sen li Xi-min Zang Ji-lin chen Jie Yang Yu-an Jing Zhi-ying Wang ling-zhong Kong School of Materials and Metallurgy University of Science and Technology LiaoningAnshan114051LiaoningChina School of Material Science and Engineering Shenyang University of TechnologyShenyang110870LiaoningChina Central Iron and Steel Research Institute Co. Ltd.Beijing100081China Xingtai Iron and Steel Co. Ltd.Xingtai054027HebeiChina

To elucidate the formation mechanisms of burn-on sand and metal penetration during sand casting,some laboratory experiments were carried out at different temperatures(1813,1833,1853,and 1873 K)and holding time(20,40,60,and 90 min)to simulate the interaction between ZG13Cr9Mo1VNbN stainless steel and chromite *** results demonstrate that the defects primarily consist of a mixture of the liquid phase,chromite,and *** main components of the liquid phase are SiO_(2),MnO,MgO,Cr_(2)O_(3),FeO,and Al_(2)O_(3),and the formation of Cr_(2)O_(3)through interfacial redox reactions has been *** presence of a liquid phase plays a pivotal role in influencing burn-on sand and metal *** reactions are prioritized,with burn-on sand maintaining a predominant *** the liquid phase quantity within the sand escalates,there is a corresponding incremental rise in the incidence of metal *** a minimal presence of the silicon element in steel can impact the liquid phase’s ***,the decomposition or dissolution of chromite sand is a significant factor in the development of burn-on sand and metal ***,a thorough investigation into the conditions and contributing factors of this phenomenon is essential for its effective management and mitigation.

关键词： Heat-resistant steel Chromite sand Interfacial reaction Burn-on sand Metal penetration Temperature Holding time

Unveiling solid-solid contact states in all-solid-state lithium batteries:An electrochemical impedance spectroscopy viewpoint

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第2期101卷 16-22页

作者： Jin-liang li liang Shen Zi-Ning cheng Jun-Dong Zhang ling-Xuan li Yu-Tong Zhang Yan-Bin Gao Chunli Guo Xiang chen chen-Zi Zhao Rui Zhang Qiang Zhang Tsinghua Center for Green Chemical Engineering Electrification Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology Department of Chemical Engineering Tsinghua University College of Materials Science and Engineering Taiyuan University of Technology Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science School of Materials Science and Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing Huairou Laboratory Institute for Carbon Neutrality Tsinghua University Shanxi Research Institute for Clean Energy Tsinghua University

All-solid-state lithium batteries（ASSLBs） are strongly considered as the next-generation energy storage devices for their high energy density and intrinsic *** solid-solid contact between lithium metal and solid electrolyte plays a vital role in the performance of working ASSLBs,which is challenging to investigate quantitatively by experimental *** work proposed a quantitative model based on the finite element method for electrochemical impedance spectroscopy simulation of different solid-solid contact states in *** the assistance of an equivalent circuit model and distribution of relaxation times,it is discovered that as the number of voids and the sharpness of cracks increase,the contact resistance Rcgrows and ultimately dominates the battery *** accurate fitting,inverse proportional relations between contact resistance Rcand（1-porosity） as well as crack angle was *** contribution affords a fresh insight into clarifying solid-solid contact states in ASSLBs.

关键词： All-solid-state lithium batteries Distribution of relaxation times Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy Equivalent circuit model Finite element method Solid-solid contacts

Research progress on secondary formation,photosensitive reaction mechanism and human health effects of chromophoric brown carbon

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第5期151卷 310-330页

作者： Baihang chen Jiangyao chen Guiying li Taicheng An Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and HealthInstitute of Environmental Health and Pollution ControlGuangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006China Guangdong Technology Research Center for Photocatalytic Technology Integration and Equipment Engineering Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution ControlSchool of Environmental Science and EngineeringGuangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006China

Brown carbon(BrC)has attracted widespread attention because of its strong absorption of solar radiation in the ultraviolet-visible wavelength range,which causes adverse impacts on human ***,BrC was a physically defined class of ***,current research has gradually shifted towards the identification of its chemical groups,because its light-absorbing capability,chemical properties and health effects mainly depend on the chemical composition of its ***,this review mainly focuses on the chemical understanding of BrC based on chromophores,and the secondary formation mechanism of chromophores,photosensitized reactions,and human health effects of BrC were detailly ***,BrC chromophores are divided into five categories:nitrogen-heterocycles,nitrogen-chain,aromatic species,oligomers and sulfur-containing organic *** chromophore precursor species exhibit variations,and their formation mechanisms are also ***,BrC can trigger the production of secondary organic aerosol(SOA)precursors or cause SOA growth because BrC is an important component of light-absorbing particles formed during incomplete combustion of biomass and fossil fuels,potentially exerting adverse effects on human ***,developing sufficiently separated methods for BrC and refining algorithms and machine learning can lead to a more effective understanding of the chemical composition of chromophores,thus enabling better evaluation of the atmospheric effects and health impacts of *** all,this review provides new insights into the categories of BrC chromophores and new advance in secondary formation mechanisms,photosensitized reactions,and human health effects on the basis of chemical structures.

关键词： Brown carbon Constituent characteristics Secondary formation mechanism Photosensitive Human health effects

Macrophage polarization in cardiac transplantation:Insights into immune modulation and therapeutic approaches

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BIOCELL 2025年第1期49卷 61-78页

作者： JINGWEI JIANG BO JIA CHUAN WANG chen FANG YUGUI li GUOXING ling BAOSHI ZHENG chenG LUO Department of Cardiovascular Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanning530021China The First Clinical Medical College of Guangxi Medical University Nanning530021China Department of Cardiovascular Surgery Beijing Anzhen Hospital of Capital Medical UniversityBeijing100029China

The role and regulatory mechanisms of macrophage polarization in cardiac transplantation have gained significant *** can polarize into either the M1(pro-inflammatory)or M2(anti-inflammatory)phenotype in response to environmental cues.M1 macrophages facilitate transplant rejection by releasing inflammatory mediators and activating T cells,whereas M2 macrophages support graft survival by secreting antiinflammatory factors and promoting tissue *** quality control regulation plays a crucial role in macrophage polarization,which may influence graft survival and immune *** review provides an overview of the current understanding of mitochondrial quality control-regulated macrophage polarization in cardiac transplantation,its effects on graft outcomes,and potential therapeutic strategies to modulate this process to enhance transplant success *** review was conducted by systematically analyzing recent studies and integrating findings from key research articles to synthesize a comprehensive understanding of this emerging field.

关键词： Cardiac transplantation Mitochondrial quality control Macrophage polarization immune tolerance transplant rejection