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Evaluation of 3D crustal seismic velocity models in southwest China:Model performance,limitation,and prospects

Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第2期67卷 604-619页

作者： Xin WANG Ling Chen Qi-Fu chen Key Laboratory of Earth and Planetary Physics Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100029China College of Earth and Planetary Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100029China

Southwest China is a tectonically and seismically active region,witnessing strong deformation due to the collision between the Indian and Eurasian plates.Constraining the subsurface velocity structure of this region is thus important in understanding the tectonics and geodynamic processes of continental collision and in mitigating seismic hazards.Numerous studies have provided various 3D seismic velocity models in southwest China.However,discrepancies exist among these models,and less effort has been made to quantify the reliability and accuracy of these existing velocity models.In this study,we use regional 3D waveform simulation to evaluate the performance of various regional crustal 3D velocity models in reproducing observed seismograms.We particularly focus on two recent earthquake sequence in the region,the 2021 Yunnan Yangbi MS_(6.4) earthquake sequence and the 2022 Sichuan Luding MS_(6.8) earthquake sequence.The tested 3D velocity models include the Southwest China Community Velocity model V1.0,the Unified Seismic Tomography Models for Continental China Lithosphere V2.0,the adjoint full waveform tomography model of the crustal and upper mantle beneath Eastern Tibetan Plateau,and the shallow seismic structure model beneath continental China.Our results show that the tested 3D velocity models generally capture well long-period(ling.The full-waveform tomography model shows a slighter better performance than the other models,especially for the body-waves,highlighting the advantages of full-waveform method in achieving sub-wavele

关键词： Southwest China Seismic tomography models Shallow Structures Waveform simulation Model evaluation

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Layering of subcontinental lithospheric mantle

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Science Bulletin 2017年第14期62卷 1030-1034页

作者： Ling Chen State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences CAS Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Recent seismic studies reveal a sharp velocity drop mostly at^70–100 km depth within the thick mantle keel beneath cratons, termed the mid-lithosphere discontinuity(MLD). The common presence of the MLD in cratonic regions indicates structural and property layering of the subcontinental lithospheric mantle(SCLM). The nature and origin of the MLD, and many issues associated with the layering of the SCLM are essential to understand the formation and evolution of continents, and have become frontier subjects in the Earth sciences.

关键词：岩石圈地幔克拉通地区岩石圈不连续 MLD 科学前沿地震地球

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Shear-wave velocity structures of the shallow crust beneath the Ordos and Sichuan Basins from multi-frequency direct P-wave amplitudes in receiver functions

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Science China Earth Sciences 2022年第5期65卷 810-823页

作者： chenxiao TANG Ling Chen Xu WANG State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Deep Earth Science Excellence and Innovation Center Chinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510640China College of Earth and Planetary Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

As the two largest cratonic basins in China,the Ordos Basin and the Sichuan Basin are of key importance for understanding the evolutionary history of the Chinese continent.In this study,the shear-wave velocity(V_(S))structures of the shallow crust(depth up to 10 km)beneath the two basins are imaged based on the frequency-dependence of direct P-wave amplitudes in receiver functions.The teleseismic data used in the study came from 160 broadband seismic stations,including permanent and temporary stations.The results show that the V_(S) and the thickness of the sediments in the Ordos Basin and the Sichuan Basin are respectively lower and thicker in the west than in the east.In the Ordos Basin,the shallow crustal V_(S) increases gradually from 2.10 km s^(−1)in the northwest to 2.65 km s^(−1)in the southeast and the thickest sediments are 7–8 km in the northwest and 5 km in the east.In the Sichuan Basin,the shallow crustal V_(S) increases from 2.4 km s^(−1) in the west to 2.7 km s^(−1)in the east and the thickness of the sediments decreases from>7 km in the west to 6 km in the east.The east-west difference of the shallow crustal structures of the two basins may have been controlled by the Cenozoic India-Eurasia collision.The western parts of the basins near the collision have a higher deposition rate,while in the parts inside the basins far from the collision,the V_(S) slowly increases with depth,indicating that these areas have experienced a more uniform deposition process.In addition,both basins are characterized by velocity structures that are higher along the edges and lower inside of the basins.The edges of the basins suffered strong denudation due to the uplifting and deformation influenced by tectonic evolution.The downward gradient of the shear-wave velocity beneath the Ordos Basin is twice that of the Sichuan Basin,which may be caused by the different deposition and denudation rates of the two basins resulting from differences in structural evolution and thermal events.In addition,the northern Ordos Basin exhi

关键词： Shallow crustal velocity structures Receiver function Frequency dependence Ordos Basin Sichuan Basin Tectonic evolution

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Massive lithospheric delamination in southeastern Tibet facilitating continental extrusion

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National Science Review 2022年第4期9卷 23-32页

作者： Jikun Feng Huajian Yao Ling Chen Weitao Wang Laboratory of Seismology and Physics of Earth's Interior School of Earth and Space SciencesUniversity of Science and Technology of China CAS Center for Excellence in Comparative Planetology University of Science and Technology of China Mengcheng National Geophysical Observatory University of Science and Technology of China State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of Sciences CAS Center for Excellence in Deep Earth Science Institute of Geophysics China Earthquake Administration

Significant left-lateral movement along the Ailao Shan-Red River fault accommodated a substantial amount of the late Eocene to early Miocene India-Asia convergence.However,the activation of this critical strike-slip fault remains poorly understood.Here,we show key seismic evidence for the occurrence of massive lithospheric delamination in southeastern Tibet.Our novel observation of reflected body waves(e.g.P410P and P660P) retrieved from ambient noise interferometry sheds new light on the massive foundered lithosphere currently near the bottom of the mantle transition zone beneath southeastern Tibet.By integrating the novel seismic and pre-existing geochemical observations,we highlight a linkage between massive lithospheric delamination shortly after the onset of hard collision and activation of continental extrusion along the Ailao Shan-Re d River fault.This information provides critical insight into the early-stage evolution of the India-Asia collision in southeastern Tibet,which has significant implications for continental collision and its intracontinental response.

关键词： ambient noise interferometry reflected body waves lithospheric delamination India-Asia collision Indochina extrusion

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Inhomogeneous Oscillator Representations of P(n)

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2023年

作者： Ling Chen School of Mathematical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

We study inhomogeneous oscillator representations of the strange Lie superalgebras P(n)on supersymmetric polynomial algebras and on spaces of supersymmetric exponential-polynomial functions. We obtain the composition series for these representations. The obtained irreducible modules are infinite dimensional. Some of them are not of highest-weight type and even not weight modules.

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An overview and perspective of identifying lunar craters

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第5期67卷 1395-1416页

作者： Yan JIANG Changyi Xu Ling Chen State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China College of Earth and Planetary Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Key Laboratory of Earth and Planetary Physics Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

The spatiotemporal evolution of lunar impact craters is crucial for investigating lunar interior structure,internal and external dynamic processes,and interplanetary impact history.Advances in lunar crater identification are reviewed based on topography and gravity data,and the features and mechanisms of topographic or buried craters are analyzed regarding morphology,gravity anomalies,gravity gradients,and the underlying crust-mantle interface relief.Based on the compiled crater catalog,the early lunar impact flux and thermal evolution are further discussed according to the basin ages and their interior structures.For some ancient impact basins,the crater size-frequency distribution measurements revealed age discrepancies from previous studies,suggesting that the lunar late heavy bombardment event started at~3.95 Ga.The degraded bulge structures of the crust-mantle interface beneath mare basins reveal that these basins formed on the lunar crust surface under high-temperature conditions and underwent prolonged relaxation compared to highland basins.Finally,we reveal that the up-to-date identification of lunar buried craters remains inaccurate and incomplete,preventing us from accurately reconstructing lunar and interplanetary impact histories.Therefore,we propose that a gravity model constructed using localized orthogonal basis functions can be useful for identifying lunar craters.

关键词： Moon Gravity field Craters Impact flux Early evolution

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A two-step multi-frequency receiver function inversion method for shallow crustal S-wave velocity structure and its application across the basin-mountain range belts in Northeast China

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第3期67卷 687-703页

作者： Ruihao YANG Xu WANG Ling Chen Mingye FENG Qifu chen State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China College of Earth and Planetary Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Key Laboratory of Earth and Planetary Physics Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China

A shallow crustal velocity structure(above 10 km depth) is essential for understanding the crustal structures and deformation and assessing the exploration prospect of natural resources, and also provides priori information for imaging deeper crustal and mantle structure. Passive-source seismic methods are cost-effective and advantageous for regional-scale imaging of shallow crustal structures compared to active-source methods. Among these passive methods, techniques utilizing receiver function waveforms and/or body-wave amplitude ratios have recently gained prominence due to their relatively high spatial resolution. However, in basin regions, reverberations caused by near-surface unconsolidated sedimentary layers often introduce strong non-uniqueness and uncertainty, limiting the applicability of such methods. To address these challenges, we propose a two-step inversion method that uses multi-frequency P-RF waveforms and P-RF horizontal-to-vertical amplitude ratios. Synthetic tests indicate that our two-step inversion method can mitigate the non-uniqueness of the inversion and enhance the stability of the results. Applying this method to teleseismic data from a linear seismic array across the sedimentary basins in Northeast China, we obtain a high-resolution image of the shallow crustal S-wave velocity structure along the array. Our results reveal significant differences between the basins and mountains. The identification of low-velocity anomalies(<2.8 km s^(-1)) at depths less than 1.0 km beneath the Erlian Basin and less than 2.5 km beneath the Songliao Basin suggests the existence of sedimentary layers. Moreover, the high-velocity anomalies(~3.4–3.8 km s^(-1)) occurring at depths greater than 7 km in the Songliao Basin may reflect mafic intrusions emplaced during the Early Cretaceous. Velocity anomaly distribution in our imaging result is consistent with the location of the major faults, uplifts, and sedimentary depressions, as well as active-source seismic results. This application further validates the eff

关键词： Receiver function Frequency dependence Two-step inversion Shallow crustal velocity structures Unconsolidated sedimentary basins

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Tissue-resident memory T cells and their biological characteristics in the recurrence of inflammatory skin disorders

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2020年第1期17卷 64-75页

作者： Ling Chen Zhu Shen Department of Dermatology Daping HospitalArmy Medical UniversityChongqing 400042China Department of Dermatology Institute of Dermatology and VenereologySichuan Academy of Medical Sciences&Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital School of MedicineUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 610072China

The skin is the largest organ of the body.The establishment of immunological memory in the skin is a crucial component of the adaptive immune response.Once naive T cells are activated by antigen-presenting cells,a small fraction of them differentiate into precursor memory T cells.These precursor cells ultimately develop into several subsets of memory T cells,including central memory T(TCM)cells,effector memory T(TEM)cells,and tissue resident memory T(TRM)cells.TRM cells have a unique transcriptional profile,and their most striking characteristics are their long-term survival(longevity)and low migration in peripheral tissues,including the skin.Under physiological conditions,TRM cells that reside in the skin can respond rapidly to pathogenic challenges.However,there is emerging evidence to support the vital role of TRM cells in the recurrence of chronic inflammatory skin disorders,including psoriasis,vitiligo,and fixed drug eruption,under pathological or uncontrolled conditions.Clarifying and characterizing the mechanisms that are involved in skin TRM cells will help provide promising strategies for reducing the frequency and magnitude of skin inflammation recurrence.Here,we discuss recent insights into the generation,homing,retention,and survival of TRM cells and share our perspectives on the biological characteristics of TRM cells in the recurrence of inflammatory skin disorders.

关键词： Tissue-resident Memory T cells Skin inflammatory disorders Recurrence Psoriasis

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Projective Oscillator Representations of Strange Lie Superalgebras of Q-Type

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2024年

作者： Ling Chen Minggang WEI University of Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Mathematical Sciences

We study inhomogeneous projective oscillator representations of Lie superalgebras of Qtype on supersymmetric polynomial algebras. These representations are infinite-dimensional. We prove that they are completely reducible. Moreover, these modules are explicitly decomposed as direct sums of two irreducible submodules.

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Crustal thickness and composition in the South China Block:Constraints from earthquake receiver function

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Science China Earth Sciences 2022年第4期65卷 698-713页

作者： Changxin chen Qingtian LÜ Ling Chen Danian SHI Jiayong YAN Yinshuang AI Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing 100037China Chinese MNR Laboratory of Deep Earth Sciences and Technology Beijing 100094China Key Laboratory of Deep-Earth Dynamics of Ministry of Natural Resources Institute of GeologyChinese Academy of Geological SciencesBeijing 100037China State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China CAS Center for Excellence in Deep Earth Science Guangzhou 510640China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Key Laboratory of Earth and Planetary Physics Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China

Crustal thickness and composition are closely related to geology and tectonic evolution of the region.Studying the differences in the crustal thickness and composition of the South China Block(SCB)is important to gain a comprehensive understanding of multi-phase amalgamation,breakup,reworking,and regional geodynamic processes.In this study,teleseismic data from 135 high-density portable broadband stations from Sino Probe were processed using Common Conversion Point(CCP)stacking and H-κstacking methods.The Moho depth and P-wave and S-wave velocity ratio(V_(p)/V_(s))were studied.Our results revealed several insights about the tectonic processes in the SCB.First,the crustal structure and V_(p)/V_(s)ratios of the Cathaysia Block,Jiangnan Orogenic Belt,and Yangtze Block were significantly different.The average depth of the Moho in the Cathaysia Block was approximately 31 km,and the V_(p)/V_(s)ratios increased from the inland area(1.66)to the coastal area(1.78),indicating the oceanward increase of mafic proportion in the lower crust,which is related to the influence of the Paleo-Pacific Plate westward subduction.Second,the crustal thickness of Jiangnan Orogenic Belt deepens from east ca.31 to the west ca.42 km and the V_(p)/V_(s)ratios varied from 1.75 to 1.64,illustrating a relatively felsic crust,which could have been related to the Mesozoic upper crustal thickening under compression followed by the lower crust removal under the extensional background.Third,the average crustal thickness of the Yangtze Block was 42 km,and the V_(p)/V_(s)ratios ranged from 1.64 to 1.84,presenting a positive correlation between the Moho depth and the V_(p)/V_(s)ratio,which is explained by the relatively thick mafic lower crust.Based on the variations in the crustal structure and V_(p)/V_(s)ratios of the profile,we inferred that the central part of the Jiangnan Orogenic Belt was bounded by the Jiangshan-Shaoxing-Hengyang in the east and the Jiujiang-Shitai-Jishou in the west.The small-scale Moho depth undulations at the intersection of t

关键词： P wave receiver function The South China Block Crustal thickness Crustal composition Block boundary

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