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Is adult celiac disease really uncommon in Chinese?

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2009年第3期10卷 168-171页

作者： ling-ling JIANG bing-ling ZHANG You-shi LIU Department of Gastroenterology the First Affiliated Hospital School of Medicine Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310003 China)

Celiac disease(CD) is a type of intestinal malabsorption syndrome,in which the patients are intolerant to the gliadin in dietary gluten,resulting in chronic diarrhea and secondary malnutrition. The disease is common in Europe and the United States,but only sporadic reports are found in East Asia including China. Is CD really rare in China? We examined 62 patients by capsule endoscopy for chronic diarrhea from June 2003 to March 2008. Four patients with chronic diarrhea and weight loss were diagnosed to have CD. Under the capsule endoscopy,we observed that the villi of the proximal small bowel became short,and that the mucous membrane became atrophied in these four patients. Duodenal biopsies were performed during gastroscopy and the pathological changes of mucosa were confirmed to be Marsh 3 stage of CD. A gluten free diet significantly improved the conditions of the four patients. We suspect that in China,especially in the northern area where wheat is the main food,CD might not be uncommon,and its under-diagnosis could be caused by its clinical manifestations that could be easily covered by the symptoms from other clinical situations,particularly when it came to subclinical patients without obvious symptom or to patients with ex-traintestinal symptoms as the initial manifestations.

关键词： Celiac disease (CD) China Gluten Prevalence Capsule endoscopy

Composite polymer electrolyte reinforced by graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets for room-temperature all-solid-state lithium batteries

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2023年第2期54卷 257-263页

作者： Qingyue Han Suqing Wang Wenhan kong bing Ji Haihui Wang School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510640China Beijing Key Laboratory for Membrane Materials and Engineering Department of Chemical EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

By virtue of the flexibility and safety, polyethylene oxide(PEO) based electrolytes are regarded as an appealing candidate for all-solid-state lithium batteries. However, their application is limited by the poor ionic conductivity at room temperature, narrow electrochemical stability window and uncontrolled growth of lithium dendrite. To alleviate these problems, we introduce the ultrathin graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets(GCN) as advanced nanofillers into PEO based electrolytes(GCN-CPE). Benefiting from the high surface area and abundant surface N-active sites of GCN, the GCN-CPE displays decreased crystallinity and enhanced ionic conductivity. Meanwhile, Fourier transform infrared and chronoamperometry studies indicate that GCN can facilitate Li+migration in the composite electrolyte. Additionally, the GCN-CPE displays an extended electrochemical window compared with PEO based electrolytes. As a result, Li symmetric battery assembled with GCN-CPE shows a stable Li plating/stripping cycling performance, and the all-solid-state Li/LiNi_(0.6)Co_(0.2)Mn_(0.2)O_(2)(NCM622) batteries using GCN-CPE exhibit satisfactory cyclability and rate capability in a voltage range of 3-4.2 V at 30 ℃.

关键词： Electrolytes Polymers Graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets Composites Room temperature All-solid-state battery

Hierarchical space–time block codes signals classification using higher order cumulants

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2016年第3期29卷 754-762页

作者： ling Qing Zhang Limin Yan Wenjun kong Dongming Istitute of Information Fusion Naval Aeronautical and Astronautical University Yantai 264001China Equipment of Navy Talyuan 030027China

An efficient method for blind classification of space time block codes （STBCs） based on fourth-order cumulants is proposed for a single receiver antenna. This paper presents a model of received STBCs signals in multiple input single output （MISO） communication systems and applies the characteristics of coding matrices to derive analytical expressions for the fourth-order cumu- lants to be used as the basis of an algorithm. The fourth-order cumulants at various delay vectors present non-null values that depend on the transmitted STBCs. Tests of nullity are accomplished by hypothesis testing. The proposed algorithm avoids the need for a priori information of modulation scheme, channel coefficients, and noise power. Consequently, it is well suited for non-cooperative scenarios. Simulations show that this method performs well even at low signal-to-noise ratios （SNRs）.

关键词： Blind classification Fourth-order cumulants Multiple input single output Non-cooperative context STBCs

The impact of urban planning on land use and land cover in Pudong of Shanghai, China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2003年第2期15卷 205-214页

作者： Nobukazu Nakagoshi CHEN Jia-kuan kong ling-yi Graduated School for International Development and Cooperation Hiroshima UniversityMinistry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering Institute of Biodiversity Science Fudan UniversitySchool of Environmental Engineering Tongji University Kagamiyama Higashi-Hiroshima 739—8529 JapanShanghai 200433 China Shanghai 200092 China

Functional zones in cities constitute the most conspicuous components of newly developed urban areas, and have been a hot spot for domestic and foreign investors in China, which not only show the expanse of urban space accompanied by the shifts both in landscape (from rural to urban) and land use(from less extensive to extensive), but also display the transformation of regional ecological functions. By using the theories and methods of landscape ecology, the structure of landscapes and landscape ecological planning can be analyzed and evaluated for studying the urban functional zones' layout. In 1990, the Central Government of China declared to develop and open up Pudong New Area so as to promote economic development in Shanghai. Benefited from the advantages of Shanghai's location and economy, the government of Pudong New Area has successively built up 7 different functional zones over the past decade according to their functions and strategic goals. Based on the multi-spectral satellite imageries taken in 1990, 1997 and 2000, a landscape ecology analysis was carried out for Pudong New Area of Shanghai, supported by GIS technology. Green space (including croplands) and built-up areas are the major factors considered in developing urban landscape. This paper was mainly concerned with the different spatial patterns and dynamics of green space, built-up areas and new buildings in different functional zones, as influenced by different functional layouts and development strategies. The rapid urbanization in Pudong New Area resulted in a more homogeneous landscape. Agricultural landscape and suburban landscape were gradually replaced by urban landscape as the degree of urbanization increased. As a consequence of urbanization in Pudong, not only built-up patches, but also newly-built patches and green patches merged into one large patch, which should be attributed to the construction policy of extensive green space as the urban development process in Pudong New Area. The

关键词： functional zone landscape ecology Pudong urbanization

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第2期13卷 333-346页

作者： Yifan Sun Qian Li ling-Jun kong Xiangdong Zhang Key Laboratory of advanced optoelectronic quantum architecture and measurements of Ministry of Education Beijing Key Laboratory of Nanophotonics&Ultrafine Optoelectronic SystemsSchool of PhysicsBeijing Institute of Technology100081BeijingChina

Compared with electrical neural networks,optical neural networks(ONNs)have the potentials to break the limit of the bandwidth and reduce the consumption of energy,and therefore draw much attention in recent *** far,several types of ONNs have been ***,the current ONNs cannot realize the acceleration as powerful as that indicated by the models like quantum neural *** to construct and realize an ONN with the quantum speedup is a huge ***,we propose theoretically and demonstrate experimentally a new type of optical convolutional neural network by introducing the optical *** is called the correlated optical convolutional neural network(COCNN).We show that the COCNN can exhibit“quantum speedup”in the training *** character is verified from the two *** is the direct illustration of the faster convergence by comparing the loss function curves of the COCNN with that of the traditional convolutional neural network(CNN).Such a result is compatible with the training performance of the recently proposed quantum convolutional neural network(QCNN).The other is the demonstration of the COCNN’s capability to perform the QCNN phase recognition circuit,validating the connection between the COCNN and the ***,we take the COCNN analog to the 3-qubit QCNN phase recognition circuit as an example and perform an experiment to show the soundness and the feasibility of *** results perfectly match the theoretical *** proposal opens up a new avenue for realizing the ONNs with the quantum speedup,which will benefit the information processing in the era of big data.

关键词： process quantum convolution

Influence of different Fe doping strategies on modulating active sites and oxygen reduction reaction performance of Fe, N-doped carbonaceous catalysts

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第7期31卷 511-520,I0013页

作者： Yang Liu Suqiong He bing Huang Ziyan kong Lunhui Guan CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures Fujian Key Laboratory of NanomaterialsFujian Institute of Research on the Structure of MatterChinese Academy of SciencesFuzhou 350002FujianChina University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Fe/N/C catalysts,synthesized through the pyrolysis of Fe-doped metal–organic framework (MOF) precursors,have attracted extensive attention owing to their promising oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) catalytic activity in fuel cells and/or metal-air ***,post-treatments (acid washing,second pyrolysis,and so on) are unavoidable to improve ORR catalytic activity and *** method for introducing Fe^(3+) sources (anhydrous Fe Cl_(3)) into the MOF structure,in particular,is a critical step that can avoid time-consuming post-treatments and result in more exposed Fe-N_(x) active ***,three different Fe doping strategies were systematically investigated to explore their influence on the types of active sites formed and ORR ***-NC(Zn^(2+)),synthesized by one-step pyrolysis of Fe doped ZIF-8 (Zn^(2+)) precursor which was obtained by adding the anhydrous Fe Cl_(3)source into the Zn(NO_(3))_(2)·6H_(2)O/methanol solution before mixing,possessed the highest Fe-N_(x)active sites due to the high-efficiency substitution of Zn^(2+)ions with Fe^(3+) ions during ZIF-8 growth,the strong interaction between Fe^(3+) ions and N atoms of 2-Methylimidazole (2-MIm),and ZIF-8’s micropore confinement *** a result,Fe-NC(Zn^(2+)) presented high ORR activity in the entire p H range (p H=1,7,and 13).At p H=13,Fe-NC(Zn^(2+)) exhibited a half-wave potential (E1/2) of 0.95 V (*** hydrogen electrode),which was 70 m V higher than that of commercial Pt/*** importantly,Fe-NC(Zn^(2+)) showed superior ORR stability in neutral media without performance loss after 5,000 cycles.A record-high open-circuit voltage(1.9 V) was obtained when Fe-NC(Zn^(2+)) was used as a cathodic catalyst in assembled Mg-air batteries in neutral *** assembled liquid and all-solid Mg-air batteries with high performance indicated that Fe-NC(Zn^(2+)) has enormous potential for use in flexible and wearable Mg-air batteries.

关键词： Mg-air battery Oxygen reduction reaction Single-atom Fe/N/C catalysts Fe doping strategies Zeolitic imidazole frameworks

Large Sets of Pure Directed Triple Systems with Index λ

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2010年第10期26卷 1899-1914页

作者： bing Li FAN Jun ling ZHOU Institute of Mathematics Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing 100044 P. R. China

A directed triple system of order v with index λ, briefly by DTS（v,λ）, is a pair （X, B） where X is a v-set and B is a collection of transitive triples （blocks） on X such that every ordered pair of X belongs to λ blocks of B. A simple DTS（v, λ） is a DTS（v, λ） without repeated blocks. A simple DTS（v, ）,） is called pure and denoted by PDTS（v, λ） if （x, y, z） ∈ B implies （z, y, x）, （z, x, y）, （y, x, z）, （y, z, x）, （x, z, y） B. A large set of disjoint PDTS（v, λ）, denoted by LPDTS（v, λ）, is a collection of 3（v - 2）/λ disjoint pure directed triple systems on X. In this paper, some results about the existence for LPDTS（v, λ） are presented. Especially, we determine the spectrum of LPDTS（v, 2）.

关键词： Large set directed triple system pure

Weierstrass Type Representation of Willmore Surfaces in S^n

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2004年第6期20卷 1029-1046页

作者： Qiao ling XIA Yi bing SHEN Department of Mathematics Zhejiang University

In this paper,we reformulate the Euler-Lagrange equations of Willmore surfaces in S^n as the flatness of a family of certain loop algebra-valued *** we can give the Weierstrass type representation of conformal Willmore *** also discuss the relations between conformal Willmore surfaces in S^n and minimal surfaces in constant curvature spaces S^n,R^n,H^n,and prove that some special Willmore surfaces can be derived from minimal surfaces in S^n,R^n,H^n.

关键词： Willmore surfaces Extended lift of a conformal Willmore immersion Loop group Weierstrass type representation Minimal surface

Electrolyte effect on electrochemical behaviors of manganese fluoride material for aqueous asymmetric and symmetric supercapacitors

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Rare Metals 2024年第3期43卷 1048-1061页

作者： Zheng-Hua He Jian-Fei Gao ling-Bin kong State Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing and Recycling of Non-Ferrous Metals Lanzhou University of TechnologyLanzhou730050China School of Materials Science and Engineering Lanzhou University of TechnologyLanzhou730050China

Exploring wide voltage window materials is not only an available measure to enhance the energy density of hybrid supercapacitor(HSCs),but also avoids the dynamic mismatch caused by different energy storage mechanisms of two electrodes in assembled symmetrical ***,there are few reports about the wide potential window materials except Bi_(2)O_(3)and VO_(2).Therefore,the MnF_(2)synthesized by solvothermal reaction was served as the electrode for *** MnF_(2)exhibited electrochemical activity in alkaline solution in three-electrode system,especially with a wide potential window from-0.8 to+0.5 V in 2 mol·L^(-1)***,the assembled MnF_(2)//MnF_(2)symmetrical HSC had a potential window of 1.5 V,and it exhibited outstanding long-cycle ***,when MnF_(2)was taken as the negative and positive respectively,the potential windows of asymmetric devices CoMoO_(4)//MnF_(2)and MnF_(2)//Activated Carbon(AC)could reach 1.3 and 1.45 V,respectively,showing excellent cycle *** work shows that MnF_(2)material has great research value in HSC,and provides a new research direction for developing high-performance devices.

关键词： Manganese fluoride Potential window Hybrid supercapacitors Electrochemical performance