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Validation of a radioimmunoassay-based fecal corticosteroid assay for Richardson＇s ground squirrels Urocitellus richardsonii and behavioural correlates of stress

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Current Zoology 2014年第5期60卷 591-601页

作者： james F. HARE Calen R RYAN Chris ENRIGHT Laura E. GARDINER lindsay j skyner Charlene N. BERKVENS W. Gary ANDERSON Department of Biological Sciences University of Manitoba Winnipeg MB Canada R3T 2N2 Assiniboine Park Zoo Winnipeg MB Canada R3R 2N7 Present Address: School of Applied Science Bay of Plenty Polytechnic Tauranga 3112 New Zealand

We validated a radioimmunoassay-based method quantifying fecal glucocorticoid metabolites (FGMs) from captive male and female Richardson’s ground squirrelsUrocitellus richardsonii. Blood samples were drawn to explore the correlation between plasma cortisol and FGM concentrations. We also injected groups of squirrels with normal saline (CTL; control), adre-nocorticotropic hormone (ACTH; stimulating adrenal activity), or dexamethasone (DEX; suppressing adrenal activity). Potential correlations between stress and behaviour were explored through quantification of fecal pellet production and the intervention necessary to elicit defecation, as well as the behaviour of subjects in the context of handling. Changes in plasma cortisol concentration between capture (baseline), and following handling (stress-induced) were also quantified for free-living squirrels. While glucocorticoid concentrations recovered from feces during our captive-animal study were not well correlated with plasma cortisol concentrations, and uncorrelated with defecation or behaviour, FGM concentrations did reflect the activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. FGM concentrations increased significantly during initial captivity, but declined to baseline level as individuals acclimated to the novel environment. Injection of subjects with ACTH increased FGMs above baseline, confirming activation of the HPA axis. Plasma cortisol concentrations increased significantly with induced stress, indicating that capture and handling activated the glucocorticoid stress response even among previously handled, free-living subjects. Our findings validate a non-invasive tool that will afford new insight into the physiological processes underlying social, reproductive and antipredator behaviour of Richardson’s ground squirrels.

关键词：糖皮质激素放射免疫法行为松鼠粪便验证基础 Richardson

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Human-Animal Interactions in Disaster Settings:A Systematic Review

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International journal of Disaster Risk Science 2023年第3期14卷 369-381页

作者： Haorui Wu lindsay K.Heyland Mandy Yung Maryam Schneider School of Social Work Faculty of HealthDalhousie UniversityHalifaxNS B3H 4R2Canada Department of Psychology Mount Saint Vincent UniversityHalifaxNSB3M2J6Canada

This systematic review aimed to assess the current knowledge of human-animal interactions(HAIs)in disaster settings and identify areas for future research.A Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses search was conducted on three multidisciplinary databases,identifying English-language journal articles published between january 2000and February 2022 that explored the benefits of and challenges associated with HAI in disasters and *** review analyzed 94 articles using both quantitative and qualitative *** review found a paucity of universal terminology to describe the bidirectional relationship between humans and animals during disasters and a failure to include all animal types in every stage of disaster and emergency ***,research predominantly focused on the health and well-being benefits of HAI for humans rather than *** to promote social and environmental justice for humans and their co-inhabitants should support the welfare of both humans and animals in disaster *** recommendations were developed based on these findings to increase the inclusion of HAI in research,policy,and *** of the review included the exclusion of pre-2000 articles and all grey literature,limited research examining different combinations of animal and disaster types,and limited research outside of North America.

关键词： Emergency management Hazards and disaster research Human-animal bonds Human-animal interactions Human-animal welfare Inclusive Literature review

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Association between high deductible health plan coverage and age at pediatric umbilical hernia repair

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World journal of Pediatric Surgery 2023年第2期6卷 70-76页

作者： Morgan E Doty lindsay A Gil jennifer N Cooper The Ohio State University College of Medicine ColumbusOhioUSA Department of Surgery Nationwide Children's HospitalThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOhioUSA Department of Pediatrics Nationwide Children's HospitalThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOhioUSA

Background High deductible health plans(HDHPs)are associated with the avoidance of both necessary and unnecessary *** hernia repair(UHR)is a procedure that is frequently unnecessarily performed in young children,contrary to best practice *** hypothesized that children with HDHPs,as compared with other types of commercial health plans,are less likely to undergo UHR before 4 years of age but are also more likely to have UHR delayed beyond 5 years of *** Children aged 0-18 years old residing in metropolitan statistical areas(MSAs)who underwent UHR in 2012-2019 were identified in the IBM Marketscan Commercial Claims and Encounters Database.A quasi-experimental study design using MSA/year-level HDHP prevalence among children as an instrumental variable was employed to account for selection bias in HDHP ***-stage least squares regression modeling was used to evaluate the association between HDHP coverage and age at *** A total of 8601 children were included(median age 5 years,IQR 3-7).Univariable analysis revealed no differences between the HDHP and non-HDHP groups in the likelihood of UHR being performed before 4 years of age(27.7%vs 28.7%,p=0.37)or after 5 years of age(39.8%vs 38.9%,p=0.52).Geographical region,metropolitan area size,and year were associated with HDHP *** variable analysis demonstrated no association between HDHP coverage and undergoing UHR at5 years of age(p=0.87).Conclusions HDHP coverage is not associated with age at pediatric *** studies should investigate other means by which UHRs in young children can be avoided.

关键词： pediatric hernia likely

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Australian sugarcane soldier fly’s salivary gland transcriptome in response to starvation and feeding on sugarcane crops

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Insect Science 2020年第4期27卷 708-720页

作者： Kayvan Etebari Karel R.lindsay Andrew L.Ward Michael j.Furlong School of Biological Sciences The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLDAustralia Sugar Research Australia Te KowaiQLDAustralia Sugar Research Australia IndooroopillyQLDAustralia

The soldier fly is an endemic pest of sugarcane in *** numbers of larvae can cause significant damage to roots and reduce the crop *** is known about the composition and function of the soldier fly salivary gland,its secretions,and their roles in insect—plant *** this study,we performed transcriptome analysis of the salivary glands of starved and sugarcane root-fed soldier fly larvae.A total of 31119 highly expressed assembled contigs were identified in the salivary glands and almost 50%of them showed high levels of similarity to known proteins in Nr *** all the obtained contigs,only 9727 sequences contain an open reading frame of over 100 amino *** 31%of contigs were predicted to encode secretory proteins,including some digestive and detoxifying enzymes and potential *** known salivary secreted peptides such as serine protease,cysteine proteinase inhibitors,antimicrobial peptides and venom proteins were among the top 100 highly expressed *** gene expression analysis revealed significant modulation of 850 transcripts in salivary glands upon exposure to plant roots or starvation ***,we identified some venom proteins which were significantly upregulated in the salivary glands of soldier fly larvae exposed to sugarcane *** other insects and nematodes some of these proteins have been used to manipulate host plant defense systems and facilitate the invasion of the host *** findings provide a further insight into the identification of potential effector proteins involved in soldier fly-sugarcane interactions.

关键词： Inopus salivary gland soldier fly sugarcane pest transcriptome

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Incorporating conceptual and interpretation uncertainty to mineral prospectivity modelling

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Geoscience Frontiers 2019年第4期10卷 1383-1396页

作者： j.N.Burkin M.D.lindsay S.A.Occhipinti E.-j.Holden Centre for Exploration Targeting School of Earth SciencesThe University of Western Australia

Prospectivity analyses are used to reduce the exploration search space for locating areas prospective for mineral *** scale of a study and the type of mineral system associated with the deposit control the evidence layers used as proxies that represent critical ore genesis *** particular,knowledge-driven approaches(fuzzy logic)use a conceptual mineral systems model from which data proxies represent the critical *** typically vary based on the scale of study and the type of mineral system being *** analyses utilising interpreted data to represent proxies for a mineral system model inherit the subjectivity of the interpretations and the uncertainties of the evidence layers used in the *** the case study presented,the prospectivity for remobilised nickel sulphide(NiS)in the west Kimberley,Western Australia,is assessed with two novel techniques that objectively grade interpretations and accommodate alternative mineralisation *** targets are then identified and supplied with a robustness assessment that reflects the variability of prospectivity value for each location when all models are *** first technique grades the strength of structural interpretations on an individual line-segment *** are obtained from an objective measure of feature evidence,which is the quantification of specific patterns in geophysical data that are considered to reveal underlying *** structures are weighted in the prospectivity model with grading values correlated to their feature *** technique allows interpreted features to contribute prospectivity proportional to their strength in feature evidence and indicates the level of associated stochastic *** second technique aims to embrace the systemic uncertainty of modelling complex mineral *** this approach,multiple prospectivity maps are each generated with different combinations of confidence values applied

关键词： Prospectivity Confidence Uncertainty Multiple models Mineral exploration Nickel

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New methods for identification of disinfection byproducts of toxicological relevance: Progress and future directions

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journal of Environmental Sciences 2021年第1期33卷 151-159页

作者： Nicholas j.P.Wawryk Caley B.Craven lindsay K.jmaiff Blackstock Xing-Fang Li Division of Analytical and Environmental Toxicology Department of Laboratory Medicine and PathologyFaculty of Medicine and DentistryUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonABT6G 2G3Canada

Disinfection byproducts(DBPs)represent a ubiquitous source of chemical exposure in disinfected *** over 700 DBPs have been identified,the drivers of toxicity remain poorly ***,ever evolving water treatment practices have led to a continually growing list of *** of analytical technologies have enabled the identification of new classes of DBPs and the quantification of these chemically diverse sets of *** we summarize advances in new workflows for DBP analysis,including sample preparation,chromatographic separation with mass spectrometry(MS)detection,and data *** aid in the selection of techniques for future studies,we discuss necessary considerations for each step in the *** review focuses on how each step of a workflow can be optimized to capture diverse classes of DBPs within a single ***,we highlight new MS-based approaches that can be powerful for identifying novel DBPs of toxicological *** discuss current challenges and provide perspectives on future research directions with respect to studying new DBPs of toxicological *** analytical technologies continue to advance,new strategies will be increasingly used to analyze complex DBPs produced in different treatment processes with the aim to identify potential drivers of toxicity.

关键词： Water disinfection byproducts(DBPs) Emerging contaminants Mass spectrometry Chromatography Nontargeted analysis Toxicity drivers

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A machine learning approach for regional geochemical data:Platinum-group element geochemistry vs geodynamic settings of the North Atlantic Igneous Province

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Geoscience Frontiers 2021年第3期12卷 42-59页

作者： jordan j.lindsay Hannah S.R.Hughes Christopher M.Yeomans jens C.Ø.Andersen Iain McDonald Camborne School of Mines University of ExeterPenryn CampusPenrynCornwall TR109FEUnited Kingdom School of Earth and Ocean Sciences Main CollegeCardiff UniversityPark PlaceCardiff CF103ATUnited Kingdom

Whilst traditional approaches to geochemistry provide valuable insights into magmatic processes such as melting and element fractionation,by considering entire regional data sets on an objective basis using machine learning algorithms(MLAs),we can highlight new facets within the broader data structure and significantly enhance previous geochemical *** platinum-group element(PGE)budget of lavas in the North Atlantic Igneous Province(NAIP)has been shown to vary systematically according to age,geographic location and geodynamic *** the large multi-element geochemical data set available for the region,MLAs were employed to explore the magmatic controls on these shifting *** key advantage of using machine learning in analysis is its ability to cluster samples across multi-dimensional(i.e.,multi-element)*** NAIP data set is manipulated using Principal Component Analysis(PCA)and t-Distributed Stochastic Neighbour Embedding(t-SNE)techniques to increase separability in the data alongside clustering using the k-means *** new multi-element classification is compared to the original geographic classification to assess the performance of both *** workflow provides a means for creating an objective high-dimensional investigation on a geochemical data set and particularly enhances the identification of metallogenic anomalies across the *** techniques used highlight three distinct multi-element end-members which successfully capture the variability of the majority of elements included as input *** end-members are seen to fluctuate in prominence throughout the NAIP,which we propose reflects the changing geodynamic environment and melting ***,the variability of Pt and Pd are not reflected in MLA-based clustering trends,suggesting that they vary independently through controls not readily demonstrated by the NAIP major or trace element data structure(i.e.,other proxies for magmatic differe

关键词： Platinum-group elements Machine learning Plume Geochemistry Metallogenesis Mantle

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Intrahepatic flow diversion prior to segmental Yttrium-90 radioembolization for challenging tumor vasculature

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journal of Interventional Medicine 2022年第2期5卷 79-83页

作者： lindsay B.Young Marcin Kolber Michael j.King Mona Ranade Vivian L.Bishay Rahul S.Patel Francis S.Nowakowski Aaron M.Fischman Robert A.Lookstein Edward Kim Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Deparmnent of Dignostc Molecular and lterventionl RadiologyOne Gustave L.Levry Place Box 1234NY100296574New YorkUSA University of Teras Southwestem Medical Center Division of Vascular and Inerentional Radiology5323 Hary Hines BhvdTx753909316DallasUSA David Geffen School of Medicine at the Univerity of Calfornia-LoS Angeles Deparment of Itrentionol Radiology27235 Toumey RoadSuite 1500Califormia91355ValenciaUSA

Background: Hepatic tumors with complex vascular supply or poor relative perfusion are prone to decreased rates of objective response. This is compounded in the setting of Yttrium-90(Y90) transarterial radioembolization(TARE), which is minimally embolic and flow-dependent, relying on high threshold dose for complete ***: We describe our experience with intrahepatic flow diversion(FD) prior to TARE of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) with challenging vascular *** and methods: Between April 2014 and january 2020, 886 cases of coinciding MAA or TARE and bland embolization or temporary occlusion were *** embolizations performed for more routine purposes were excluded. FD was performed by bland embolization or temporary occlusion of vessels supplying non-malignant parenchyma in cases where flow was not preferential to target tumor. Lesion characteristics, vascular supply, treatment approach, angiography, and adverse events(AEs) were reviewed. Radiographic response was assessed using mRECIST ***: 22 cases of FD of focal HCC were identified. Embolics included calibrated microspheres(n = 11), microcoils(n = 4), gelfoam(n = 3), temporary balloon occlusion(n = 2) and temporary deployment of a microvascular plug(n = 1). Post-treatment SPECT-CT dosimetry coverage was concordant with target lesions in all cases. Mean follow-up was 16.7 months(1.4–45 mos). Tumor-specific response per m RECIST was 41% complete response, 50% objective response, and 59% disease control rate. No major adverse events or grade 3/4 hepatotoxicity were ***: Our findings suggest that FD prior to TARE is safe and potentially effective in treating HCC with complex vascular supply or poor tumor perfusion.

关键词： embolization routine balloon

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被出卖了的春天

被出卖了的春天

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作者： j.·林赛(j. lindsay)

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Endocrine correlates of mate choice and promiscuity in females of a socially monogamous avian mating system with alternative male reproductive phenotypes

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Current Zoology 2014年第6期60卷 804-815页

作者： Hubert SCHWABL Willow R. lindsay Douglas G. BARRON Michael S. WEBSTER School of Biological Sciences and Center for Reproductive Biology Washington State University Pullman WA 99164-4236 USA Department of Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences Goteborg University Box 463405 30 Goteborg Sweden Department of Psychology University of South Florida Tampa FL 33620-7200 USA Department of Neurobiology and Behavior and Comell Laboratory for Ornithology Comell University Ithaca NY 14850 USA

While our understanding of male reproductive strategies is informed by extensive investigations into endocrine mechanisms, the proximate mechanisms by which females compete for mates and adjust reproduction to social environment remains enigmatic. We set out to uncover endocrine correlates of mate choice, social environment, and reproductive investment in female red-backed fairy-wrensMalurus melanocephalus. In this socially monogamous, yet highly sexually promiscuous species, females experience discrete variation in the phenotype of their mates, which vary in both plumage signals and level of paternal care, and in the composition of their breeding groups, which consist of either the pair alone or with an additional cooperative auxiliary; female investment varies according to these social parameters. We found that androgen, estrogen, and glucorticoid levels varied with reproductive stage, with highest androgen and estrogen concentrations during nest construction and highest corticosterone concentrations during the pre-breeding stage. These stage-dependent patterns did not vary with male phenotype or auxiliary presence, though androgen levels during pre-breeding mate selection were lower in females obtaining red/black mates than those obtaining brown mates. We found no evidence that androgen, estrogen, or corticosterone levels during the fertile period were related to extra-pair young (EPY) frequency. This study demonstrates clear changes in steroid levels with reproductive stage, though it found little support for variation with social environment. We suggest hormonal responsiveness to social factors may be physiologically constrained in ways that are bypassed through exogenous hormone manipulations.

关键词：内分泌机制社会环境男性生殖一夫一妻制表型变异女性交配系统择偶

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