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Whether Syndrome Differentiation Affects Treatment Result:Study Protocol of maZiRenWan(麻子仁丸)for Functional Constipation in A Randomized Controlled Trial

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Chinese Journal of Integrative medicine 2019年第3期25卷 175-181页

作者： CHENG Chung-wah ZHANG Li ZHAO Chen ZHONG linda LD SHI Li-jie DAI Liang ZHENG Rui CHEN Jing LI Ge ZHAI Jing-bo KUN Wai LU Ai-ping SHANG Hong-cai BIAN Zhao-xiang Hong Kong Chinese medicine Clinical Study Centre School of Chinese Medicine Hong Kong Baptist University Department of Clinical Pharmacology the Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Department of Gastroenterology the First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Graduate School Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Department of Health Care Baokang Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine School of Traditional Chinese medicine Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Research Institute of Traditional Chinese medicine Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal medicine of ministry of Education and Beijing Dongzhimen Hospital Beijing University of Chinese Medicine

Background: Syndrome is one of the most important concepts in Chinese medicine(Cm) theory. However, it was not well accounted in most of randomized controlled trials(RCTs). Objective: To determine whether Cm syndrome differentiation affects the treatment results, functional constipation(FC) was selected as a target disease, and maZiRenWan(麻子仁丸, mZRW), a classic Cm formula commonly used for constipation with excessive heat syndrome, was selected for study. methods: It is an 18-week prospective double-blinded, doubledummy RCT, including 2-week run-in, 8-week treatment and 8-week post treatment follow-up. A total of 120 FC patients diagnosed as excessive heat syndrome will be recruited from the First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese medicine and the Baokang Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese medicine. Patients will be randomly allocated into fixed mZRW(f_mZRW) granule group, modified mZRW(m_mZRW) granule group or bisacodyl group. For m_mZRW group, no more than two herbal granules can be added according to the syndrome differentiation for individual participants. The primary end point is the mean of complete spontaneous bowel movements(CSBms) per week during the treatment period. Secondary end points include mean of CSBms per week during follow-up, stool form, global symptom improvement, constipation and constipation-related symptoms assessment, Cm syndrome change, and reported adverse events. Discussion: This trial is designed to evaluate the effectiveness of these three interventions for FC patients with the Cm syndrome of excessive heat, and to determine the change of Cm syndrome and the progress of disease during the treatment course. The results are important to explore whether syndrome differentiation is important for the therapeutic effect of a formula on a disease.

关键词： functional constipation Chinese herbal medicine syndrome differentiation maZiRenWan randomized controlled trial

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佳洁士电动牙刷的使用效果及其对口腔健康的影响

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牙体牙髓牙周病学杂志 2003年第7期13卷 396-399页

作者： Aaron R. Biesbrock linda m. Bayuk marie-Vee Santana Darin S. Yates Robert D. Bartizek 王漪涛宝洁公司健康研究中心北京宝洁公司佳洁士口腔护理研究院北京100084

本文介绍了第一代与第二代佳洁士电动牙刷 (佳洁士SpinBrush和佳洁士SpinBrushProTm)的设计特点与功效的试验。实验证明两代佳洁士电动牙刷比手动牙刷和普通电动牙刷能更有效地去除牙菌斑 ,去除率可提高 10 %～ 5 0 %。同时可以显著降... 详细信息

本文介绍了第一代与第二代佳洁士电动牙刷 (佳洁士SpinBrush和佳洁士SpinBrushProTm)的设计特点与功效的试验。实验证明两代佳洁士电动牙刷比手动牙刷和普通电动牙刷能更有效地去除牙菌斑 ,去除率可提高 10 %～ 5 0 %。同时可以显著降低牙龈炎与牙龈出血程度。对这两种电动牙刷的安全性评价显示 ,它们与一般手动牙刷和电动牙刷一样安全。对使用者依从性的研究表明使用佳洁士电动牙刷后 ,成人和儿童的刷牙时间比使用手动牙刷刷牙时间分别自行延长 35 .8%和 38.3%。

关键词：电动牙刷菌斑去除牙龈炎

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Analysis of Aroma Volatile Profile of Philippine Durian Pulp （Durio zibethinus Rumph, ex murray） Using HS-SPmE Coupled with GC-mS

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Journal of Food Science and Engineering 2014年第3期4卷 155-159页

作者： Princess Tiffany G. Dantes John S. maninang Arnold R. Elepano Hiroshi Gemma Sumiko Sugaya Engelbert K. Peralta linda B. mabesa Institute of Agricultural Engineering College of Engineering and Agro-lndustrial Technology University of the Philippines Los Banos Laguna 4031 Philippines International Agro-Biological Resources Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology Tokyo 183-8509 Japan Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences University of Tsukuba Tsukuba 305-8577 Japan Food Science Cluster College of Agriculture University of the Philippines Los Bahos Laguna 4031 Philippines

Durian （Durio zibethinus Rumph. ex murray） is an exotic tropical fruit known for its excellent flavor and strong distinctive aroma. Volatiles of durian pulp from different cultivars in Thailand, malaysia and Indonesia were already reported. However, no study of volatiles from Philippine ＂Puyat＂ durian is available. ＂Puyat＂ is the most preferred by consumers in the Philippines due to its firm flesh with sweet and buttery taste. Aroma volatile compounds were analyzed by headspace solid phase microextraction （HS-SPmE） method and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry （GC-mS）. Volatiles were extracted for 1 h using 65 μm PDm/DVB SPmE fiber and separated by DB-WAX capillary column （30 m × 0.25 mm id × 0.25 μm film thickness）. Durian pulp produced 22 volatiles composed of 15 esters, six sulfurs and one thioacetal. Ethyl propanoate, ethyl octanoate, propyl propanoate, ethyl 2-methyl butanoate and diethyl disulfide were the major compounds identified. These compounds were also reported to be the most abundant in durian cultivars of other countries. Results of this study can then be used for future development of postharvest technologies to control the production of volatiles from Philippine durian pulp.

关键词： Durian SPmE GC-mS volatile compounds.

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A next-generation marker genotyping platform(AmpSeq)in heterozygous crops:a case study for marker-assisted selection in grapevine

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Horticulture Research 2016年第1期3卷 302-313页

作者： Shanshan Yang Jonathan Fresnedo-Ramíre minghui Wang linda Cote Peter Schweitzer Paola Barba Elizabeth m Takacs matthew Clark James Luby David C manns Gavin Sacks Anna Katharine mansfield Jason Londo Anne Fennell David Gadoury Bruce Reisch Lance Cadle-Davidson Qi Sun Horticulture Section School of Integrative Plant ScienceCornell UniversityGenevaNY 14456USA Bioinformatics Facility Cornell UniversityIthacaNY 14853USA Institute of Biotechnology Cornell UniversityIthacaNY 14853USA Plant Breeding and Genetics Section School of Integrative Plant ScienceCornell UniversityIthacaNY 14853USA Department of Horticultural Science University of MinnesotaSt PaulMN 55108USA Department of Food Science Cornell UniversityGenevaNY 14456USA Department of Food Science Cornell UniversityIthacaNY 14853USA USDA-ARS Grape Genetics Research Unit GenevaNY 14456USA Plant Science Department South Dakota State UniversityBrookingsSD 57007USA Plant Pathology and Plant-microbe Biology Section School of Integrative Plant ScienceCornell UniversityGenevaNY 14456USA

marker-assisted selection(mAS)is often employed in crop breeding programs to accelerate and enhance cultivar development,via selection during the juvenile phase and parental selection prior to ***-generation sequencing and its derivative technologies have been used for genome-wide molecular marker *** bridge the gap between marker development and mAS implementation,this study developed a novel practical strategy with a semi-automated pipeline that incorporates trait-associated single nucleotide polymorphism marker discovery,low-cost genotyping through amplicon sequencing(AmpSeq)and decision *** results document the development of a mAS package derived from genotyping-by-sequencing using three traits(flower sex,disease resistance and acylated anthocyanins)in grapevine *** vast majority of sequence reads(⩾99%)were from the targeted *** 380 individuals and up to 31 amplicons sequenced in each lane of miSeq data,most amplicons(83 to 87%)hadmissing data,and read depth had a median of 220–244×.Several strengths of the AmpSeq platform that make this approach of broad interest in diverse crop species include accuracy,flexibility,speed,high-throughput,low-cost and easily automated analysis.

关键词： crops breeding cultivar

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Impact of Organic and mineral Fertilization in Pecan Nut on Production,Quality and Antioxidant Capacity

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Agricultural Sciences 2019年第2期10卷 227-240页

作者： linda Citlalli Noperi-mosqueda Juan manuel Soto-Parra Esteban Sánchez Francisco Javier Pina-Ramírez Ramona Pérez-Leal maría Antonia Flores-Córdova Nora Aideé Salas-Salazar Facultad de Ciencias Agrotecnológicas Universidad Autónoma de ChihuahuaChihuahuaMéxico Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A.C.Delicias ChihuahuaMéxico

The pecan nut is considered one of the most important dried fruits in the world by its classification as healthy food. The nutritional balance in the harvest is crucial for its impact on the production, quality and content of bioactive compounds. This research was carried out in the city of Aldama, Chihuahua (mexico), where doses of mineral and organic fertilization were tested in L25 Taguchi structure with 6 factors and 5 levels by factor: nitrogen (N) 0 - 240 kg·ha-1, phosphate (P2O5) 0 - 120 kg·ha-1, potassium (K2O) 0 - 100 kg·ha-1, calcium (CaO) 0 - 400 kg·ha-1, liquid humus 0 - 3600 L·ha-1 and solid humus 0 - 8000 kg·ha-1. An average yield of 2.2 t·ha-1 was obtained;145 nuts per kilogram, 60% of the edible part of the nut. The total phenolic content was 225.9 mg gallic acid g-1 and the antioxidant capacity was 180.9 mg Trolox g-1. It is concluded that the factor with the greatest impact on yield, quality and antioxidant capacity in pecan nut was nitrogen. It was also found that the combination of mineral and organic fertilization helps to maintain the production and quality ranges of the nut. In turn, these factors contribute to the increase in the phenolic strength and antioxidant capacity. The optimal fertilization dosis to obtain the maximum levels in production of 3.2 t·ha-1;decrease the number of nuts per kilogram to 135, increase the percentage of the edible part of the nut to 61.8%, the increase in the total phenolic content to 318.6 mg of gallic acid g-1 and in the antioxidant capacity with 187.2 mg of Trolox g-1, was 184 kg·ha-1 of N, 107.4 kg·ha-1 of P2O5, 50 kg·ha-1 of K2O y 2777 L·ha-1 of liquid humus. Finally, the mineral fertilization complemented with organic fertilization is considered a good fertilization strategy for pecan trees and its possible benefits to health and the environment.

关键词： Carya illinoinensis(Wangen K.Koch) Pecan Nut Nutrition Organic Fertilization Antioxidants

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motivated by a mandate: a university-clinic partnership to develop a perinatal depression registry at a community based hospital in the midwest

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Social Work and Social Welfare 2019年第1期1卷 7-12页

作者： Karen m Tabb Pamela Samara Shinwoo Choi Aubrey Hudson linda Donovan Hsiang Huang School of Social Work University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL 61801 USA Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Carle Foundation Hospital Urbana IL USA Department of Sociology Anthropology Social Work University of North Florida USA Cambridge Health Alliance and Harvard medical School Cambridge MA USA Institute of Psychiatry & LIm-23 Faculty of Medicine University of Sao Paulo Brazil Identifying Depression through Early Assessment (IDEA) Research Team Urbana IL USA

Disparities in maternal mental health outcomes persist despite the myriad of existing evidence based treatments and recent public health prevention policy efforts. Integrated health care delivery models such as Collaborative Care and patient medical home models have the potential to reduce health disparities in clinic settings. These evidence-based approaches require multidisciplinary teams for successful implementation and to provide quality care to improve specified patient outcomes. However, strategies for successful collaboration and steps for critical reflection are often overlooked in clinical and health services research. Furthermore, a shared vision of social justice is essential in the process of building and sustaining patient-centered care models, but is often understated. The purpose of this paper is to describe the development and implementation of a social justice-informed hospital-based perinatal depression registry to address maternal health disparities. Our partnership is informed by community-based participatory research (CBPR) principles for carrying out health services research. We describe the steps for building a sustainable university-hospital collaboration between traditional and non-traditional researchers using principles from CBPR in a clinic setting.

关键词： community-based participatory research maternal mental health perinatal depression psychosocial screening

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1986—1987年埃尔尼诺期间赤道太平洋的物理海洋学事件

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海洋学报 1990年第2期12卷 159-166页

作者：王宗山邹娥梅 John m.Toole linda J.mangum 徐伯昌杨克奇国家海洋局第一海洋研究所伍兹霍尔海洋研究所太平洋海洋环境研究所

文中,根据“中美热带西太平洋海气相互作用联合研究”第1—4航次考察的资料结合美国NOAA提供的SST资料和Wyrtki博士提供的水位资料,对1986—1987年埃尔尼诺事件的发生、发展和消衰过程中的海洋事件作了综合分析.指出,这次埃尔尼诺是一... 详细信息

文中,根据“中美热带西太平洋海气相互作用联合研究”第1—4航次考察的资料结合美国NOAA提供的SST资料和Wyrtki博士提供的水位资料,对1986—1987年埃尔尼诺事件的发生、发展和消衰过程中的海洋事件作了综合分析.指出,这次埃尔尼诺是一个中等偏强的事件.SST场和水位场的宏观变化是同步和相似的,并且都与风场特征有关.次表层温度结构的变化是与上层暖水的东向输送相对应.在此期间,热带西太平洋的流系结构和方向发生了异乎寻常的变化.在埃尔尼诺爆发前期,南赤道流较强,暖水在西太平洋堆积;在爆发期内,则在12.5个纬度带内形成东向流,向东输送暖水;在消衰期内,北赤道逆流变弱、而南赤道逆流变强;在埃尔尼诺结束后,海洋转为动力调整,并在约12个纬度范围内变为西向流.在这次埃尔尼诺期间,向东输送的暖水总量为11.4×10^(14)m^3,此量比1976年埃尔尼诺多1/3,而比1982—1983年埃尔尼诺少2/5.

关键词：厄尔尼诺赤道太平洋物理海洋学

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Phased,chromosome-scale genome assemblies of tetraploid potato reveal a complex genome,transcriptome,and predicted proteome landscape underpinning genetic diversity

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molecular Plant 2022年第3期15卷 520-536页

作者： Genevieve Hoopes Xiaoxi meng John P.Hamilton Sai Reddy Achakkagari Fernanda de Alves Freitas Guesdes marie E.Bolger Joseph J.Coombs Danny Esselink Natalie R.Kaiser linda Kodde maria Kyriakidou Brian Lavrijssen Natascha van Lieshout Rachel Shereda Heather K.Tuttle Brieanne Vaillancourt Joshua C.Wood Jan mde Boer Nolan Bornowski Peter Bourke David Douches Herman Jvan Eck Dave Ellis max J.Feldman Kyle m.Gardner Johannes C.P.Hopman Jiming Jiang Walter S.De Jong Joseph C.Kuhl Richard G.Novy Stan Oome Vidyasagar Sathuvalli Ek Han Tan Remco A.Ursum m.Isabel Vales Kelly Vining Richard G.F.Visser Jack Vossen G.Craig Yencho Noelle L.Anglin Christian W.B.Bachem Jeffrey B.Endelman Laura m.Shannon martina V.Stromvik Helen H.Tai Bjorn Usadel C.Robin Buell Richard Finkers Department of Plant Biology Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMI 48824USA Department of Horticultural Science University of MinnesotaSt.PaulMN 55108USA Department of Plant Science McGill UniversitySainte-Anne-de-BellevueQC H9X 3V9Canada Plant Breeding Wageningen University&ResearchPlant Breeding6708 PB Wageningenthe Netherlands IBG-4 Bioinformatics Forschungszentrum JülichWilhelm Johnen Str52428 JülichGermany Department of Plant Soiland Microbial SciencesMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMI 48824USA Bayer Crop Science WoodlandCA 95695USA Averis Seeds B.V. 9640 AA Veendamthe Netherlands International Potato Center 1895 Avenida La MolinaLimaPeru USDA-ARS ProsserWA 99350USA Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Fredericton Research and Development Centre FrederictonNB E3B 4Z7Canada School of Integrative Plant Science Cornell UniversityIthacaNY 14853-1901USA Department of Plant Sciences University of IdahoMoscowID 83844USA USDA-ARS Small Grains and Potato Germplasm ResearchAberdeenID 83210USA HZPC Research B.V. Edisonweg 58501 XG Jourethe Netherlands Department of Crop and Soil Science Oregon State UniversityHermistonOR 97838USA School of Biology and Ecology University of Maine5735 Hitchner Hall OronoME 04469USA Department of Horticultural Sciences Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843-2133USA Department of Horticulture Oregon State UniversityCorvallisOR 97331USA Department of Horticultural Science North Carolina State UniversityRaleighNC 27695-7609USA Department of Horticulture University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWI 53706USA Department of Horticulture Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMI 48824USA Institute for Biological Data Science Heinrich Heine UniversityDusseldorf40225 DusseldorfGermany Plant Resilience Institute Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMI 48824USA Present address:GenNovation B.V. Wageningenthe Netherlands

Cultivated potato is a clonally propagated autotetraploid species with a highly heterogeneous *** assemblies of six cultivars including two chromosome-scale phased genome assemblies revealed extensive allelic diversity,including altered coding and transcript sequences,preferential allele expression,and structural variation that collectively result in a highly complex transcriptome and predicted proteome,which are distributed across the homologous *** species contribute to the extensive allelic diversity in tetraploid cultivars,demonstrating ancestral introgressions predating modern breeding *** a clonally propagated autotetraploid that undergoes limited meiosis,dysfunctional and deleterious alleles are not purged in tetraploid *** a quarter of the loci bore mutations are predicted to have a high negative impact on protein function,complicating breeder’s efforts to reduce genetic *** StCDF1 locus controls maturity,and analysis of six tetraploid genomes revealed that 12 allelic variants of StCDF1 are correlated with maturity in a dosage-dependent *** of the complexity of the tetraploid potato genome with its rampant structural variation and embedded deleterious and dysfunctional alleles will be key not only to implementing precision breeding of tetraploid cultivars but also to the construction of homozygous,diploid potato germplasm containing favorable alleles to capitalize on heterosis in F1 hybrids.

关键词： potato allele diversity phased assembly polyploid pan-genome wild introgressions

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Factors associated with DAA virological treatment failure and resistance-associated substitutions description in HIV/HCV coinfected patients

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World Journal of Hepatology 2018年第11期10卷 856-866页

作者： Dominique Salmon Pascale Trimoulet Camille Gilbert Caroline Solas Eva Lafourcade Julie Chas Lionel Piroth Karine Lacombe Christine Katlama Gilles Peytavin Hugues Aumaitre Laurent Alric Franoois Boué Philippe morlat Isabelle Poizot-martin Eric Billaud Eric Rosenthal Alissa Naqvi Patrick miailhes Firouzé Bani-Sadr Laure Esterle Patrizia Carrieri Franoois Dabis Philippe Sogni linda Wittkop 无 Assistance Publique des Hopitaux de Paris Hopitaux Universitaires Paris CentreHopital Hotel DieuUnitédes Maladies infectieuses et tropicalesParis 75004France Université Paris Descartes Sorbonne Paris CitéParis 75006France Trimoulet CHU de BordeauxHopital PellegrinLaboratoire de VirologieBordeaux 33000France Trimoulet CNRS-UMR 5234Microbiologie fondamentale et PathogénicitéUniversitéde BordeauxBordeaux 3000France Philippe morlat Laure EsterleFrancois DabisLinda WittkopUniv.BordeauxISPEDInsermBordeaux Population Health Research Centerteam MORPH3EUSUMR 1219CIC-EC 1401Bordeaux F-33000France APHm Hopital La TimoneLaboratoire de Pharmacocinétique et ToxicologieMarseille 13005France Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon Département d'InfectiologieDijon cedex 21079France INSERm-CIC 1342 Universitéde Bourgogne Dijon 21000France Assistance Publique des Hopitaux de Paris GHUEP site Saint-AntoineServices Maladies infectieuses et tropicalesParis 75011France UniversitéPierre et marie Curie UMR S1136Institut Pierre Louis d' Epidémiologie et de SantéPubliqueParis 75646France UniversitéParis-Sorbonne Paris 75005France Assistance Publique des Hopitaux de Paris Hopital PitiéSalpêtrière Services Maladies infectieuses et tropicalesParis 75013France Assistance Publique des Hopitaux de Paris Hopital Bichat-Claude BernardLaboratoire de PharmacologieParis 75877France IAmE UMR 1137Sorbonne Paris CitéINSERMUniversitéParis DiderotParis 75890France Centre Hospitalier de Perpignan Service Maladies infectieuses et tropicalesPerpignan 66000Franc Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse Hopital PurpanService Médecine interne-Pole DigestifToulouse 31300France UmR 152 IRD UniversitéToulouseⅢ Paul SabatierToulouse 31330France Hopital Antoine-Béclère Assistance Publique des Hopitaux de ParisUniversitéParis SudService Médecine interne et immunologieClamart 92140France Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux Service de médecine interneHopital Saint-AndréBordeaux 33000France Uni

AImTo describe factors associated with treatment failure and frequency of resistance-associated substitutions （RAS）.mETHODSHuman immunodefciency virus （HIV）/hepatitis C virus （HCV） coinfected patients starting a first direct-acting antiviral （DAA） regimen before February 2016 and included in the French ANRS CO13 HEPAVIH cohort were eligible. Failure was defned as：（1） non-response [HCV-RNA remained detectable during treatment, at end of treatment （EOT）]; and （2） relapse （HCV-RNA suppressed at EOT but detectable thereafter）. Sequencing analysis was performed to describe prevalence of drug class-specifc RAS. Factors associated with failure were determined using logistic regression *** 559 patients, 77% had suppressed plasmaHIV-RNA 〈 50 copies/mL at DAA treatment initiation41% were cirrhotic, and 68% were HCV treatmentexperienced. Virological treatment failures occurred in22 patients and were mainly relapses （17, 77%） thenundefined failures （3, 14%） and non-responses （29%）. mean treatment duration was 16 wk overall. Posttreatment NS3, NS5A or NS5B RAS were detected in10/14 patients with samples available for sequencinganalysis. After adjustment for age, sex, ribavirin useHCV genotype and treatment duration, low platelecount was the only factor signifcantly associated with ahigher risk of failure （OR： 6.5; 95%CI： 1.8-22.6）. CONCLUSIONOnly 3.9% HIV-HCV coinfected patients failed DAAregimens and RAS were found in 70% of those failingLow platelet count was independently associated withvirological failure.

关键词： Human immunodeficiency virus Hepatitis C virus Direct-acting antiviral Treatment virological failure Resistant associated mutations

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对避免产科硬膜外麻醉时导管误入静脉的策略的评估——一项对随机对照性研究的系统综述

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麻醉与镇痛 2010年第4期6卷 1-13页

作者： Jill m. mhyre mary Lou V. H. Greenfield Lawrence C. Tsen linda S. Polley 张晓怡(译) 杭燕南(校) Department of Anesthesiology Ann Arbor Michigan of Anesthesiology Perioperative and Pain Medicine Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts Department Brigham and Women's The University of michigan Health System Ann Arbor Michigan of Anesthesiology Perioperative and Pain Medicine Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts 不详

背景我们在本综述中对产妇腰段硬膜外麻醉时导管放置，以降低其误入静脉风险的7种策略进行了系统回顾。方法我们在多个数据库中搜索了从1966年12月至2007年10月期间，关于评价避免产妇腰段硬膜外导管置管误入静脉方法的所有前瞻性、随... 详细信息

背景我们在本综述中对产妇腰段硬膜外麻醉时导管放置，以降低其误入静脉风险的7种策略进行了系统回顾。方法我们在多个数据库中搜索了从1966年12月至2007年10月期间，关于评价避免产妇腰段硬膜外导管置管误入静脉方法的所有前瞻性、随机对照试验。对于已经发表的研究采用质量评估工具进行评价，并且通过研究结果的合并来考察这些预防误入硬膜外静脉方法的有效性。结果在检索90项研究后，有30项试验（n=12738例）被选入。5种策略能有效防止硬膜外导管误入静脉丛：操作时采取侧卧位而不是坐位[6项试验，质量评分为35％（标准差11％），比值比为0．53（95％置信区间为0．32～0．86）]；在置管前通过穿刺针预注入液体[8项试验，质量评分为48％（标准差18％），比值比为0．49（95％置信区间为0．25—0．97）]；使用单孔而非多孔导管[5项试验，质量评分为30％（标准差6％），比值比为0．64（95％置信区间为0．45—0．91）]；使用有金属线包埋的聚氨酯导管而不是聚酰胺导管[1项试验，质量评分为31％，另加4篇未评分的摘要，比值比为0．14（95％置信区间为0．06—0．30）]；导管置入深度≤6cm[2项试验，质量评分为47％（标准差11％），比值比为0．27（95％置信区间为0．10—0．74）]。而采用旁正中法进针和更细的穿刺针及导管型号都不能降低置管误入静脉的风险。结论可以通过患者的侧卧体位、椎管内预注液体、单孔导管、包埋金属的聚氨酯导管，以及置管深度≤6cm等方法来降低产科腰段硬膜外麻醉置管中导管误入静脉的风险。总之，低质量的研究文章削弱了上述结论的可靠性。

关键词：腰段硬膜外麻醉随机对照试验硬膜外静脉导管误入系统综述评估工具产科质量评分

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