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International journal of Digital Earth 2020年第1期13卷 61-77页

作者： Sergio Freire Marcello Schiavina Aneta j.Florczyk Kytt MacManus Martino Pesaresi Christina Corbane Olena Borkovska jane Mills linda Pistolesi john Squires Richard Sliuzas European Commission Joint Research Centre(JRC)IspraItaly Faculty of Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation(ITC) University of TwenteEnschedeNetherlands Columbia University CIESIN Geoscience PalisadesNYUSA

Data on global population distribution are a strategic resource currently in high demand in an age of new Development Agendas that call for universal inclusiveness of ***,quality,detail,and age of census data varies significantly by country and suffers from shortcomings that propagate to derived population grids and their *** this work,the improved capabilities of recent remote sensing-derived global settlement data to detect and mitigate major discrepancies with census data is *** layers mapping builtup presence were used to revise census units deemed as‘unpopulated’and to harmonize population distribution along *** procedures to detect and mitigate these anomalies,while minimizing changes to census geometry,preserving the regional distribution of population,and the overall counts were developed,tested,and *** two procedures employed for the detection of deficiencies in global census data obtained high rates of true positives,after verification and *** also show that the targeted anomalies were significantly mitigated and are encouraging for further uses of free and open geospatial data derived from remote sensing in complementing and improving conventional sources of fundamental population statistics.

关键词： Population statistics census built-up areas GPW GHSL

Effects of undigested protein-rich ingredients on polarised small intestinal organoid monolayers

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journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2020年第4期11卷 1026-1032页

作者： Soumya K.Kar Bart van der Hee linda M.P.Loonen Nico Taverne johanna j.Taverne-Thiele Dirkjan Schokker Mari A.Smits Alfons j.M.jansman jerry M.Wells Host Microbe Interactomics Group Wageningen University&ResearchDe Elst 16708 WD WageningenThe Netherlands Laboratory of Microbiology Wageningen University&ResearchStippeneng 46708 WE WageningenThe Netherlands Wageningen Livestock Research Wageningen University&ResearchDe Elst 16708 WD WageningenThe Netherlands

Here, we describe the use of monolayers of intestinal epithelial cells derived from intestinal organoids and transcriptomics to investigate the direct effects of dietary protein sources on epithelial function. Mechanically dissociated 3 D organoids of mouse duodenum were used to generate a polarized epithelium containing all cell types found in the tissue of origin. The organoid-derived cell monolayers were exposed to 4%(w/v) of ‘undigested(non-hydrolysed)-soluble' fraction of protein sources used as feed ingredients [soybean meal(SBM) and casein], or alternative protein sources(spray dried plasma protein, and yellow meal worm), or controls for 6 h prior to RNA isolation and transcriptomics. All protein sources altered expression of unique biological processes in the epithelial cells. Exposure of intestinal organoids to SBM downregulated expression of retinol and retinoid metabolic processes as well as cholesterol and lipid biosynthetic pathways, consistent with the reported hypotriglyceridaemic effect of soy protein in vivo. These findings support the use of intestinal organoids as models to evaluate complex interactions between dietary ingredients and the intestinal epithelium and highlights some unique host effects of alternative protein sources in animal feed and potentially human food.

关键词： Alternative protein sources Casein Intestinal organoids Organoids Soybean meal Spray dried plasma protein Transcriptomics Yellow meal worm

Peptidomimetic inhibitor of L-plastin reduces osteoclastic bone resorption in aging female mice

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Bone Research 2021年第2期9卷 213-222页

作者： Hanan Aljohani joseph P.Stains Sunipa Majumdar Deepa Srinivasan linda Senbanjo Meenakshi A.Chellaiah Department of Oncology and Diagnostic Sciences School of DentistryUniversity of MarylandBaltimoreMDUSA Department of Oral Medicine and Diagnostics Sciences King Saud UniversitySchool of DentistryRiyadhKingdom of Saudi Arabia Department of Orthopedics University of Maryland School of MedicineBaltimoreMDUSA

L-plastin(LPL)was identified as a potential regulator of the actin-bundling process involved in forming nascent sealing zones(NSZs),which are precursor zones for mature sealing ***-fused cell-penetrating small molecular weight LPL peptide(TATMARGSVSDEE,denoted as an inhibitory LPL peptide)attenuated the formation of NSZs and impaired bone resorption in vitro in ***,the genetic deletion of LPL in mice demonstrated decreased eroded perimeters and increased trabecular bone *** the present study,we hypothesized that targeting LPL with the inhibitory LPL peptide in vivo could reduce osteoclast function and increase bone density in a mice model of low bone *** injected aging C57BL/6 female mice(36 weeks old)subcutaneously with the inhibitory and scrambled peptides of LPL for 14 ***-CT and histomorphometry analyses demonstrated an increase in trabecular bone density of femoral and tibial bones with no change in cortical thickness in mice injected with the inhibitory LPL peptide.A reduction in the serum levels of CTX-1 peptide suggests that the increase in bone density is associated with a decrease in osteoclast *** changes in bone formation rate and mineral apposition rate,and the serum levels of P1NP indicate that the inhibitory LPL peptide does not affect osteoblast *** study shows that the inhibitory LPL peptide can block osteoclast function without impairing the function of *** peptide could be developed as a prospective therapeutic agent to treat osteoporosis.

关键词： function. sealing impaired

Hepatitis E virus in patients with acute severe liver injury

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World journal of Hepatology 2014年第6期6卷 426-434页

作者： Claire Louise Crossan Kenneth j Simpson Darren G Craig Christopher Bellamy janice Davidson Harry R Dalton linda Scobie Department of Life Sciences Glasgow Caledonian UniversityGlasgowG4 0BAUnited Kingdom Scottish Liver Transplant Unit Royal Infirmary of EdinburghEdinburghEH16 4SAUnited Kingdom Department of Pathology University of EdinburghEdinburghEH16 4SBUnited Kingdom Gastrointestinal Unit Royal Cornwall Hospitaland European Centre for the Environment and Human HealthUniversity of Exeter Medical SchoolTruroTR1 3HDUnited Kingdom Department of Life Sciences School of Health and Life SciencesGlasgow Caledonian UniversityGlasgowG40BAUnited Kingdom

AIM: To examine the incidence of hepatitis E(HepE) in individuals with acute liver injury severe enough to warrant treatment at a transplant ***: Hepatitis E virus(HEV) is an emerging pathogen in developed countries causing severe illness, particularly in immunocompromised patients or those with underlying chronic liver disease. HepE infection isoften under diagnosed, as clinicians can be reluctant to test patients who have not travelled to regions traditionally considered hyperendemic for HepE. There are few data regarding the significance of HEV in patients with very severe acute liver injury in developed countries. Eighty patients with acute severe liver injury attending the Scottish Liver Transplant unit were tested for HEV and anti-HEV IgG and IgM. Severe acute liver injury was defined as a sudden deterioration in liver function confirmed by abnormal liver function tests and coagulopathy or presence of hepatic encephalopathy. Eighty percent of these patients were diagnosed with paracetomol overdose. No patients had a history of chronic or decompensated chronic liver disease at time of sampling. IgG positive samples were quantified against the World Health Organization anti-HEV IgG standard. Samples were screened for HEV viral RNA by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain ***: Four cases of hepatitis E were identified. Three of the four cases were only diagnosed on retrospective testing and were initially erroneously ascribed to drug-induced liver injury and decompensated chronic liver disease, with the cause of the decompensation uncertain. One case was caused by HEV genotype 1 in a traveller returning from Asia, the other three were autochthonous and diagnosed on retrospective testing. In two of these cases(where RNA was detected) HEV was found to be genotype 3, the most prevalent genotype in developed countries. Three patients survived, two of whom had been misdiagnosed as having drug induced liver injury. The fourth patient

关键词： Virology Infection Acute liver injury Hepatitis E virus

Pavement markings:identification of relevant covariates and controllable factors of retroreflectivity performance as a road safety measureáã

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Transportation Safety and Environment 2021年第2期3卷 123-131页

作者： linda Lee Ho j́ulio Silvio de Souza Bueno Filho Walquiria Yumiko Fujii Cludia A.S.Machado Liedi Legi Bariani Bernucci joséAlberto Quintanilha University of São Paulo Department of Production EngineeringSo Paulo 05508-070Brazil Federal University of Lavras Department of Exact SciencesMinas Gerais 37200-900Brazil University of São Paulo Department of Transport EngineeringSão Paulo 05508-070Brazil Institute of Energy and Environment São Paulo 05508-010Brazil

In this paper we present relevant contributions and important features related to the study of the retroreflectivity performance of pavement *** contribution of this paper is ***,we propose an artificial scheme to allow some randomization of the treatments owing to several restrictions imposed on the choice of the experimental *** is an experiment involving one fixed factor(three types of materials)in a randomized block design executed on a high-traffic-volume *** this condition,the traffic volume works as a stress factor and the degradation of the retroreflectivity of pavement markings is faster than the degradation on rural roads or *** is related to the second contribution:the possibility of a reduction of experimental *** current experiment spent 20 weeks to collect the *** finally a mixed linear model considering three random effects and several fixed effects is fitted and the most relevant effects pointed *** study can help highway managers to improve road safety by scheduling the maintenance of pavement marks at the appropriate time,choosing adequate material for the pavement markings and applying the proposed artificial scheme in future studies.

关键词： highway safety design of experiment mixed linear model longitudinal experiment pavement markings

Effects of environmental variability on superspreading transmission events in stochastic epidemic models

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2021年第1期6卷 560-583页

作者： Nika Shakiba Christina j.Edholm Blessing O.Emerenini Anarina L.Murillo Angela Peace Omar Saucedo Xueying Wang linda j.S.Allen School of Biomedical Engineering University of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada Department of Mathematics Scripps CollegeClaremontCAUSA Department of Mathematics Oregon State UniversityCorvallisORUSA Department of Pediatrics and Center for Statistical Sciences Brown UniversityProvidenceRIUSA Department of Mathematics and Statistics Texas Tech UniversityLubbockTXUSA Department of Mathematics Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State UniversityBlacksburgVAUSA Department of Mathematics and Statistics Washington State UniversityPullmanWAUSA School of Mathematical Sciences Rochester Institute of TechnologyRochesterNYUSA

Superspreaders(individuals with a high propensity for disease spread)have played a pivotal role in recent emerging and re-emerging *** disease outbreak studies,host heterogeneity based on demographic(***,sex,vaccination status)and environmental(***,urban/rural residence,clinics)factors are critical for the spread of infectious diseases,such as Ebola and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome(MERS).Transmission rates can vary as demographic and environmental factors are altered naturally or due to modified behaviors in response to the implementation of public health *** this work,we develop stochastic models to explore the effects of demographic and environmental variability on human-to-human disease transmission rates among superspreaders in the case of Ebola and *** show that the addition of environmental variability results in reduced probability of outbreak occurrence,however the severity of outbreaks that do occur *** observations have implications for public health strategies that aim to control environmental variables.

关键词： Superspreader MERS Ebola Environmental variability Stochastic models

Temperature variable and the efficiency of sperm mediated transfection of HPV16 DNA into cells

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Asian journal of Andrology 2002年第3期4卷 169-173页

作者： Ruslana Kadze Philip j.Chan john D.jacobson johannah U.Corselli Alan King Center for Fertility and In Vitro Fertilization Department of Gynecology and Obstetricsand Department of Physiology and PharmacologyLoma Linda University School of MedicineLoma LindaCalifornia 92350USA

Aim:To pretreat sperm at various temperatures before exposure to human papillomavirus(HPV)16 DNA fragments and to assess the efficiency of HPV carrier sperm to transfect cumulus ***:Cumulus cells from follicular aspirates were obtained,pooled and divided into culture dishes containing Sybr Gold-stained HPV DNA carrying sperm that were either pretreated at 4℃,37℃or 40℃(n=5).The cells were incubated in 5%CO_(2) in air mixture at 37℃for 24 *** efficiency of sperm to take up fluorescent HPV DNA was determined at hour *** incubation,cumulus cell viability was assessed using the e0sin method and the percentages of fluorescent cumulus cells ***:Over half of all the cumulus cells became fluorescent with the highest percentage in the 37℃*** pretreated at 4℃had the greatest amount of HPV DNA *** sperm motility was similar for the 3 pretreatment *** were no differences in cumulus viability among the ***:Sperm pretreated at 37℃transferred the greatest amount of fluorescent HPV DNA fragments to the cumulus *** HPV DNA was observed in the nuclear and cytoplasmic *** data suggested the possibility of sperm as a vector for the transmission of HPV DNA to the cumulus cells surrounding ovulated oocytes,which might lead to early implantation failures.

关键词： spermatozoa human papillomavirus gene transfer cumulus fertility

Impact of extended-infusion piperacillin-tazobactam in a Canadian community hospital

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Infectious Medicine 2023年第1期2卷 31-35页

作者： April j.Chan Gerald Lebovic Michael Wan Yan Chen Elizabeth Leung Bradley j.Langford jenny Seah linda R.Taggart Mark Downing Department of Pharmacy Unity Health TorontoTorontoOntarioCanada University of Toronto TorontoOntarioCanada Division of Infectious Diseases Unity Health TorontoTorontoOntarioCanada Public Health Ontario TorontoOntarioCanada Hotel Dieu Shaver Health and Rehabilitation Centre St.CatharinesOntarioCanada

Background:Studies have demonstrated improved clinical outcomes with extended infusion(EI)piperacillin/tazobactam(TZP)compared to standard infusion(SI).However,there is less evidence on its benefits in noncritically-ill ***-wide EI TZP was implemented at our site on February 21,*** objectives were to compare clinical,safety and economic outcomes between EI and SI ***:A retrospective cohort study of all adult patients who received EI TZP(3.375 g IV q8h infused over 4 hours and SI TZP for≥48 hours during 3 years pre-and postimplementation was *** primary study outcome was 14-day mortality while secondary outcomes included length of hospital stay(LOS),nursing plus pharmacy cost,occurrence of Clostridioides difficile infection,readmission within 30 days and change in Pseudomonas aeruginosa minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC)distribution for *** primary outcome and binary secondary outcomes were analyzed using a logistic regression *** was examined using time to event *** was examined using linear regression ***:Overall,2034 patients received EI TZP and 1364 patients received SI *** TZP was associated with lower odds of mortality(OR 0.76,95%CI 0.63-0.91),lower odds of *** infection(OR 0.59,95%CI 0.41-0.84)and 8%lower cost(estimate 0.92,95%CI 0.87-0.98)compared to SI ***:Hospital-wide implementation of EI TZP was associated with lower odds of 14-day mortality and incidence of *** infection with cost savings at our institution.

关键词： Antimicrobial stewardship Piperacillin/tazobactam Extended-infusion

Child Abuse during the Pandemic and Trauma-Informed Care: A Review of Evidence-Based Literature

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Health 2023年第9期15卷 1003-1012页

作者： Allison j. DiPlacido linda Leitzel Brayden Kameg Betty j. Braxter Rose Constantino School of Nursing University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh USA

Abuse of infants and children is a public health problem that warrants immediate attention. It is estimated that over 7 million children are affected by child abuse yearly, with the highest rate of abuse in those less than one year of age. Approximately 60% of child abuse victims are children under the age of three years, making infants and young children a particularly vulnerable population. Interventions targeting the perinatal period can be effective in mitigating child abuse, including parent education programs and trauma-informed care services. This paper provides an overview of the current evidence base related to child abuse following the COVID-19 pandemic, with a focus on prevention and intervention strategies that can be utilized to increase caregiver support and reduce child abuse rates during the perinatal period.

关键词： Neonates Newborn Infant Child Abuse Perinatal Trauma-Informed Care

Advances in nanomaterials for brain microscopy

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Nano Research 2018年第10期11卷 5144-5172页

作者： jackson T. Del Bonis-O'Donnell linda Chio Gabriel F. Dorlhiac lan R. McFarlane Markita P. Landry Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of California Berkeley CA 94720 USA Biophysics Graduate Group University of California Berkeley CA 94720 USA Innovative Genomics Institute (IGI) Berkeley CA 94720 USA California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences QB3 University of California Berkeley CA 94720 USA Chan-Zuckerberg Biohub San Francisco CA 94158 USA

Microscopic imaging of the brain continues to reveal details of its structure, connectivity, and function. To further improve our understanding of the emergent properties and functions of neural circuits, we need to directly visualize the relationship between brain structure, neuron activity, and neurochemistry. Advances in the chemical and optical properties of nanomaterials, and developments in deep-tissue microscopy, may help to overcome the current challenges of in-vivo brain imaging, particularly when imaging the brain through optically-dense brain tissue, skull, and scalp. Developments in nanomaterials may enable the implementation of tunable chemical functionality for neurochemical targeting and sensing, and fluorescence stability for long-term imaging. In this review, we summarize the current methods used for brain microscopy and describe the diverse classes of nanomaterials recently offered as contrast agents and functional probes for microscopic optical imaging of the brain.

关键词： nanomaterials neuroscience imaging microscopy