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Endoscopic ultrasound-guided techniques for diagnosing pancreatic mass lesions: can we do better?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第39期22卷 8658-8669页

作者： Andrew c Storm linda S Lee Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and Endoscopy Brigham and Women’s Hospital Harvard Medical School

The diagnostic approach to a possible pancreatic mass lesion relies first upon various non-invasive imaging modalities, including computed tomography, ultrasound, and magnetic resonance imaging techniques. Once a suspect lesion has been identified, tissue acquisition for characterization of the lesion is often paramount in developing an individualized therapeutic approach. Given the high prevalence and mortality associated with pancreatic cancer, an ideal approach to diagnosing pancreatic mass lesions would be safe, highly sensitive, and reproducible across various practice settings. Tools, in addition to radiologic imaging, currently employed in the initial evaluation of a patient with a pancreatic mass lesion include serum tumor markers, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, and endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration(EUS-FNA). EUS-FNA has grown to become the gold standard in tissue diagnosis of pancreatic lesions.

关键词： Endoscopic ultrasound Fine needle aspiration Pancreatic cancer Pancreatic mass Endoscopy

Bone marrow mononuclear cells for joint therapy: The role of macrophages in inflammation resolution and tissue repair

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World Journal of Stem cells 2021年第7期13卷 825-840页

作者： Bruno c Menarim James N MacLeod linda A Dahlgren Gluck Equine Research center Department of Veterinary ScienceCollege of AgricultureFood and EnvironmentUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKY 40546United States Department of Large Animal clinical Sciences Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary MedicineVirginia TechBlacksburgVA 24060United States

Osteoarthritis(OA)is the most prevalent joint disease causing major disability and medical *** is a central feature of OA and is primarily driven by *** macrophages not only drive inflammation but also its resolution,through a coordinated,simultaneous expression of pro-and anti-inflammatory mechanisms that are essential to counteract damage and recover *** OA therapies are largely based on anti-inflammatory principles and therefore block pro-inflammatory mechanisms such as prostaglandin E2 and Nuclear factor-kappa B signaling ***,such mechanisms are also innately required for mounting a pro-resolving response,and their blockage often results in chronic low-grade *** minor injury,macrophages shield the damaged area and drive tissue *** the damage is more extensive,macrophages incite inflammation recruiting more macrophages from the bone marrow to maximize tissue repair and ultimately resolve ***,sustained damage and inflammation often overwhelms pro-resolving mechanisms of synovial macrophages leading to the chronic inflammation and related tissue degeneration observed in ***,experimental and clinical studies have shown that joint injection with autologous bone marrow mononuclear cells replenishes inflamed joints with macrophage and hematopoietic progenitors,enhancing mechanisms of inflammation resolution,providing remarkable and long-lasting *** creating an ideal environment for resolution with high concentrations of interleukin-10 and anabolic growth factors,macrophage progenitors also have a direct role in tissue *** constitute a large part of the early granulation tissue,and further transdifferentiate from myeloid into a mesenchymal *** cells,characterized as fibrocytes,are essential for repairing osteochondral ***“omics”studies focused on identifying key drivers of macrophagemediated resolution of j

关键词： Osteoarthritis Arthropathy Synovitis Hematopoietic progenitor Homeostasis cell therapy

Harmonics Mitigation Using MMc Based UPFc and Particle Swarm Optimization

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Intelligent Automation & Soft computing 2023年第3期35卷 3429-3445页

作者： c.Gnana Thilaka M.Mary linda Ponjesly college of Engineering Nagercoil629003India

The application of non-linear loads in the power electronic device causes serious harmonic issues in the power system since it has the intrinsic prop-erty of retrieving harmonic current and reactive power from Alternating current(Ac)supply that leads to voltage *** maintain a reliable powerﬂow in the power system,an innovative Uniﬁed Power Flow converter(UPFc)is uti-lized in this proposed *** conventional series converter is replaced with the Modular Multilevel converter(MMc)that improves the power handling capability and achieves higher modular level with minimized *** shunt compensator assists in minimizing the voltageﬂuctuations and maximizing the voltage stability under different load *** Direct Quadrature(DQ)theory is utilized in this study to separate the harmonic components by generating reference frame *** Proportional Integral(PI)controller aids in maintain-ing the direct current potential difference in the constant mode whereas the Pulse Width Modulation(PWM)generator helps in delivering optimized output to the *** gain parameters of PI controller are optimized with the aid of employ-ing Particle Swarm Optimization(PSO).The entire work is validated using MATLAB simulink and the obtained outcomes proves that this new UPFc is highly beneﬁcial in minimizing the distortions with reduced Total Harmonic Distortion(THD)of 2.21%.

关键词： UPFc PI controller PSO MMc DQ theory STATcOM

Stem cells for cardiac repair: an introduction

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Journal of Geriatric cardiology 2013年第2期10卷 186-197页

作者： Bastiaan c du Pr(e) Pieter A Doevendans linda W van Laake Departments of cardiology and Medical Physiology Division of Heart and Lungs University Medical Center Utrecht P.O. box 85500 3508 GA Utrecht the Netherlands Departments of cardiology and Medical Physiology Division of Heart and Lungs University Medical Center Utrecht P.O. box 85500 3508 GA Utrecht the Netherlands Inter university Cardiology Institute of the Netherlands P.O. box 19258 2501 DG Utrecht the Netherlands Departments of cardiology and Medical Physiology Division of Heart and Lungs University Medical Center Utrecht P.O. box 85500 3508 GA Utrecht the Netherlands Hubrecht Institute P.O box 85164 3508 AD Utrecht the Netherlands

cardiovascular disease is a major cause of morbidity and mortality throughout the world. Most cardiovascular diseases, such as ischemic heart disease and cardiomyopathy, are associated with loss of functional cardiomyocytes. Unfortunately, the heart has a limited regenerative capacity and is not able to replace these cardiomyocytes once lost. In recent years, stem cells have been put forward as a potential source for cardiac regeneration. Pre-clinical studies that use stem cell-derived cardiac cells show promising results. The mechanisms,though, are not well understood, results have been variable, sometimes transient in the long term, and often without a mechanistic *** are still severalmajor hurdles to be taken. Stem cell-derived cardiac cells should resemble original cardiac cell types and be able to integrate in the damaged heart. Integration requires administration of stem cell-derived cardiac cells at the right time using the right mode of delivery. Once delivered, transplanted cells need vascularization, electrophysiological coupling with the injured heart, and prevention of immunological rejection. Finally, stem cell therapy needs to be safe, reproducible, and affordable. In this review, we will give an introduction to the principles of stem cell based cardiac repair.

关键词： cardiomyocytes Heart Regeneration Stem cell

clinical features and long-term outcomes of patients with colonic oligopolyposis of unknown etiology

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第48期28卷 6950-6961页

作者： Dan Feldman linda Rodgers-Fouche Stephanie Hicks Daniel c chung Division of Gastroenterology Massachusetts General HospitalBostonMassachusetts 02114United States center for cancer Risk Assessment Massachusetts General HospitalBostonMassachusetts 02114United States Division of Gastroenterology and center for cancer Risk Assessment Massachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusetts 02114United States

BAcKGROUND colonic adenomatous polyposis of unknown etiology(cPUE)is an adenomatous polyposis phenotype that resembles Familial Adenomatous Polyposis(FAP)even though no germline pathogenic variant is *** We sought to better characterize the clinical features and outcomes in a cohort of cPUE *** This is a retrospective case series of patients 18 years old or older with adenomatous oligopolyposis(between 10-100 adenomas)and negative genetic testing,identified through the Hereditary Gastrointestinal cancer Database at Massachusetts General Hospital,a tertiary academic referral center.A retrospective chart review was performed with a focus on demographics,alcohol and tobacco use,medication use,familial malignancy and polyp burden,genetic testing information,endoscopic surveillance data including the corresponding histopathology,colonic and extracolonic malignancies,mortality events,and their *** correlation and Pearson chi-square test(or Fisher's exact test)were used for continuous and categorical variables *** cPUE patients were primarily male(69%)and presented for genetic counseling at 63.7 *** 2 patients(2.9%)reported a first-degree relative with *** an average surveillance period of 12.3 years,0.5 colonoscopies per year were *** developed 2.3 new adenomas per year.4(5.7%)were diagnosed with colorectal cancer(cRc)at a mean age of 66 years,and 3 were diagnosed prior to the onset of oligopolyposis.7(10%)required colectomy due to advanced dysplasia or polyp *** respect to upper gastrointestinal manifestations,1 patient had a gastric adenoma,but there were no cases of gastric or small bowel *** surveillance,10(14%)patients died at a mean age of 72,and none were due to *** cPUE is distinct from familial adenomatous polyposis(FAP)syndrome and the use of FAP surveillance guidelines may result in unnecessarily frequent upper and lower endoscopies.

关键词： colonic polyposis of unknown etiology Multigene cancer panel colorectal cancer colectomy Surveillance Mortality

can color vision variation explain sex differences in invertebrate foraging by capuchin monkeys?

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current Zoology 2010年第3期56卷 300-312页

作者： Amanda D.MELIN linda M.FEDIGAN Hilary c.YOUNG Shoji KAWAMURA Department of Anthropology University of Calgary Department of Biological Sciences University of Calgary Department of Integrated Biosciences Graduate School of Frontier SciencesUniversity of Tokyo

Invertebrates are the main source of protein for many small-to-medium sized monkeys. Prey vary in size, mobility, degree of protective coveting, and use of the forest, i.e. canopy height, and whether they are exposed or embed themselves in substrates. Sex-differentiation in foraging patterns is well documented for some monkey species and recent studies find that color vision phenotype can also affect invertebrate foraging. Since vision phenotype is polymorphic and sex-linked in most New World monkeys - males have dichromatic vision and females have either dichromatic or trichromatic vision - this raises the possibility that sex differences are linked to visual ecology. We tested predicted sex differences for invertebrate foraging in white-faced capuchins cebus capucinus and conducted 12 months of study on four free-ranging groups between January 2007 and September 2008. We found both sex and color vision effects. Sex： Males spent more time foraging for invertebrates on the ground. Females spent more time consuming embedded, colonial invertebrates, ate relatively more ＂soft＂ sedentary invertebrates, and devoted more of their activity budget to invertebrate foraging. color Vision： Dichromatic monkeys had a higher capture efficiency of ex- posed invertebrates and spent less time visually foraging. Trichromats ate relatively more ＂hard＂ sedentary invertebrates. We con- elude that some variation in invertebrate foraging reflects differences between the sexes that may be due to disparities in size, strength, reproductive demands or niche preferences. However, other intraspecific variation in invertebrate foraging that might be mistakenly attributed to sex differences actually reflects differences in color vision [current Zoology 56 （3）： 300-312, 2010].

关键词： Male Foraging Female Foraging cebus Dichromacy Trichromaey Invertebrate Foraging

Treatment and survival in a population-based sample of patients diagnosed with gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第20期14卷 3165-3173页

作者： Deirdre P cronin-Fenton Margaret M Mooney Limin X clegg linda c Harlan Surveillance Research Program DCCPS National Cancer Institute cTEP DCTD National Cancer Institute Applied Research Program DCCPS National Cancer Institute

AIM： TO examine the extent of use of specific therapies in clinical practice, and their relationship to therapies validated in clinical trials. METHODS： The US National cancer Institutes＇ Patterns of care study was used to examine therapies and survival of patients diagnosed in 2001 with histologically-confirmed gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma （/7 = 1356）. The study re-abstracted data and verified therapy with treating physicians for a population-based stratified random sample. RESULTS： Approximately 62% of patients had stomach adenocarcinoma （SAc）, while 22% had gastric-cardia adenocarcinoma （GcA）, and 16% lower esophageal adenocarcinoma （EAc）. Stage 1V/ unstaged esophageal cancer patients were most likely and stage Ⅰ -Ⅲ stomach cancer patients least likely to receive chemotherapy as all or part of their therapy; gastric-cardia patients received chemotherapy at a rate between these two. In multivariable analysis by anatomic site, patients 70 years and older were significantly less likely than younger patients to receive chemotherapy alone or chemoradiation for all three anatomic sites. Among esophageal and stomach cancer patients, receipt of chemotherapy was associated with lower mortality; but no association was found among gastric-cardia patients. cONcLUSION： This study highlights the relatively low use of clinical trials-validated anti-cancer therapies in community practice. Use of chemotherapy-based treatment was associated with lower mortality, dependent on anatomic site. Findings suggest that physicians treat lower esophageal and SAc as two distinct entities, while gastric-cardia patients receive a mix of the treatment strategies employed for the two other sites.

关键词： Adenocarcinoma Esophageal adeno-carcinoma Gastroesophageal Gastric adenocarcinoma Survival chemotherapy Radiotherapy

The Long Road to Understanding the Baculovirus P10 Protein

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Virologica Sinica 2009年第4期24卷 227-242页

作者： David c. J. carpentier linda A. King School of Life Sciences Oxford Brookes University Headington Campus Oxford United Kingdom Oxford Expression Technologies Ltd Oxford Brookes University Headington Campus Oxford United Kingdom

The baculovirus P 10 protein has always represented a mystery in the field of insect virology. Like the baculovirus polyhedrin protein it is expressed at high levels very late in infection. Homologues of the Autographa californica nucleopolyhedrovirus p10 gene are conserved in all Alphabaculoviruses and in other viruses of lepidopteran hosts yet is completely dispensable for virus replication and transmission. PIO is a microtubule interacting protein whose expression has been associated with the formation of a variety of complex and extensive cytoplasmic and nuclear structures. PIO has been associated with a number of roles during infection ranging from the formation of virus occlusion bodies, to affecting the rate of cellular and/or nuclear lysis during the final stages of the virus replication cycle. In this article we review recent work aimed at understanding the role of this enigmatic protein, putting them into context with recent advances in understanding of protein structure and function. We look back at a number of historical studies and observations, reanalysing their conclusions based on recent data and our own observations. The role of the P 10 protein during baculovirus replication remains elusive, however, novel avenues of investigation have been identified that will, we are sure, eventually lead to an understanding of this protein.

关键词： Baculovirus P10 microtubule Polyhedral occlusion body Fibrous body/fibrillar structure

安徽何郢遗址植物残体切割形态与脱粒农具的关系

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文物保护与考古科学 2012年第1期24卷 62-66页

作者：吴妍王昌燧 linda Scott cummings Patricia c.Anderson 中国科学院研究生院北京100049 中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所人类演化实验室北京100044 美国古植物研究所美国科罗拉多80401 法国国家科学研究中心法国巴黎06357

石器和植物残体的相关研究证明,脱粒板曾大规模应用于近东地区。为探索古代中国或远东是否也曾使用过这种工具或类似工具,本研究对何郢遗址植物残体形态进行了研究,结果表明中国商周遗址存在切割形态植物残体的证据,以此推测类似脱粒板... 详细信息

石器和植物残体的相关研究证明,脱粒板曾大规模应用于近东地区。为探索古代中国或远东是否也曾使用过这种工具或类似工具,本研究对何郢遗址植物残体形态进行了研究,结果表明中国商周遗址存在切割形态植物残体的证据,以此推测类似脱粒板的农具在商周时期曾被使用。无疑,这一发现对我国古代农作物的脱粒加工方式具有重要的启示,可望深化我国农业考古的探索。

关键词：植物残切割形态体脱粒板何郢遗址脱粒工具