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Hemipteran and dipteran pests: Effectors and plant host immune regulators

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2016年第4期58卷 350-361页

作者： Isgouhi Kaloshian linda L.Walling Institute of Integrative Genome Biology and Center for Plant Cell Biology University of California Department of Nematology University of California Department of Botany and Plant Sciences University of California

Hemipteran and dipteran insects have behavioral,cellular and chemical strategies for evading or coping with the host plant defenses making these insects particularly destructive pests worldwide. A critical component of a host plant＇s defense to herbivory is innate immunity. Here we review the status of our understanding of the receptors that contribute to perception of hemipteran and dipteran pests and highlight the gaps in our knowledge in these early events in immune signaling. We also highlight recent advances in identification of the effectors that activate pattern-triggered immunity and those involved in effector-triggered immunity.

关键词： Aphids effectors endosymbionts Hessian fly planthoppers resistance genes

Break of symmetry in regenerating tobacco protoplasts is independent of nuclear positioning

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2016年第9期58卷 799-812页

作者： linda Brochhausen Jan Maisch Peter Nick Molecular Cell Biology Botanical Institute Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Katserstr. 2 D-76133 Karlsruhe Germany

Nuclear migration and positioning are crucial for the morphogenesis of plant cells. We addressed the potential role of nuclear positioning for polarity induction using an experimental system based on regenerating protoplasts, where the induction of a cell axis de novo can be followed by quantification of specific regeneration stages. Using overexpression of fluorescently tagged extranuclear （perinu- clear actin basket, kinesins with a calponin homology domain （KCH）） as well as intranuclear （histone H2B） factors of nuclear positioning and time-lapse series of the early stages of regeneration, we found that nuclear position is no prerequi- site for polarity formation. However, polarity formation and nuclear migration were both modulated in the transgenic lines, indicating that both phenomena depend on factors affecting cytoskeletal tensegrity and chromatin structure. We integrated these findings into a model where retrograde signals are required for polarity induction. These signals travel via the cytoskeleton from the nucleus toward targets at the plasma membrane.

关键词： Axis formation cytoskeleton nuclear migration polarity induction tobacco BY-2 protoplast

A Complex Systems Science Perspective on Wireless Networks

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Journal of Systems Science & Complexity 2016年第4期29卷 1034-1056页

作者： MACALUSO Irene GALIOTTO Carlo MARCHETTI Nicola DOYLE linda CTVR Telecommunications Research Center Trinity College Dublin

The paper targets a future world where all wireless networks are self-organising entities and in which the predominant mode of spectrum access is dynamic. The paper explores whether the behaviour of a collection of autonomous self-organising wireless systems can be treated as a complex system and whether complex systems science can shed light on the design and deployment of these networks. The authors focus on networks that self-organise from a frequency perspective to understand the behaviour of a collection of wireless self-organising nodes. Each autonomous network is modelled as a cell in a lattice and follows a simple set of self-organisation rules. Two scenarios are considered, one in which each cell is based on cellular automata and which provides an abstracted view of interference and a second in which each cell uses a self-organising technique which more accurately accounts for interference. The authors use excess entropy to measure complexity and in combination with entropy gain an understanding of the structure emerging in the lattice for the self-organising networks. The authors show that the self-organising systems presented here do exhibit complex behaviour. Finally,the authors look at the robustness of these complex systems and show that they are robust against changes in the environment.

关键词： Dynamic spectrum access excess entropy robustness self organising wireless networks.

Processing of Baculovirus Late and Very Late mRNAs

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中国病毒学 2007年第2期22卷 108-116页

作者： linda A.Guarino Department of Entomology Texas A&M University College Station Texas 77843-2475 USA

Baculoviruses encode a DNA-directed RNA polymerase that is evolutionarily divergent from cellular polymerases. This RNA polymerase is a multifunctional complex that has the ability to recognize late promoters, transcribe linked genes, and process transcripts at both the 5’ and 3’ ends. The LEF-4 subunit of the viral RNA polymerase is the mRNA capping enzyme, with both RNA triphosphatase and guanylyltransferase activities. Conversion to cap 1 structures is mediated by the viral enzyme MTase1 and another as yet unidentified methyltransferase. Termination is an intrinsic property of the viral RNA polymerase and occurs at oligoU rich sequences. Polyadenylation of the released transcripts is also a function of the viral RNA polymerase. Thus, although viral mRNAs resemble host messages with respect to their 5’ and 3’ end structures, the processing is mediated by viral enzymes and, in the case of the 3’ ends, by mechanisms that differ from the host cell.

关键词：杆状病毒聚合酶 RNA 基因编码

激光选区熔化成形GH4099合金高温拉伸性能研究

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材料导报 2024年第S1期38卷 435-438页

作者：崔哲杨帆杜磊付言飞肖美立柯林达上海航天精密机械研究所上海201600

通过研究激光选区熔化成形GH4099合金的显微组织和强化机理,对工艺参数进行了优化,对比分析了SLM试样与冷轧板在室温、500℃、700℃、900℃的力学性能。结果表明:优化后的工艺参数下SLM试样晶粒细小、组织致密,无明显缺陷。试样XY、XZ... 详细信息

通过研究激光选区熔化成形GH4099合金的显微组织和强化机理,对工艺参数进行了优化,对比分析了SLM试样与冷轧板在室温、500℃、700℃、900℃的力学性能。结果表明:优化后的工艺参数下SLM试样晶粒细小、组织致密,无明显缺陷。试样XY、XZ截面的平均硬度大致相等,约为400HV,比冷轧板高8.5%~9.8%。XY方向主要是树枝晶和胞状晶交相分布,熔池顶部存在较多的胞状晶,而XZ方向试样内部主要是外延生长的柱状枝晶。室温状态下成形试样的平均拉伸强度可达1160 MPa,规定塑性延伸强度为736 MPa,断后延伸率在29.5%以上,高于冷轧板。另外三种温度下试样的力学性能也优于冷轧板。

关键词：激光选区熔化 GH4099合金工艺参数力学性能

Molecular Mechanisms of Ethylene-Auxin Interaction

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Molecular Plant 2013年第6期6卷 1734-1737页

作者： linda Robles Anna Stepanova Jose Alonso Department of Plant and Microbial Biology North Carolina State University Raleigh NC 27695 USA

During the century-long history of plant hormone research, the focus in this area has shifted from the original physi- ological experiments to molecular, genetic, biochemical, and, more recently, genomic approaches. During this jour- ney, we have learned about the many effects these natural compounds have on plant growth and development at the morphological and molecular levels. We have also uncov- ered how these molecules are sensed by the plant cell and how they trigger signaling cascades that relay information to the nucleus, ultimately culminating in a transcriptional cas- cade. With this fundamental knowledge at hand, the main efforts in the field have turned towards a more integrative systems approach, in which the function of a hormone is considered in the context of the complex and dynamic net of interactions with other hormones or, more broadly, with other developmental and environmental signals. Initially, due to the complexity of the problem, most crosstalk studies have focused on pairwise interactions between two or few hormones. Special attention has been given to the interac- tions between ethylene and auxin, perhaps in part because of the experimental tractability of some of the processes in which the interaction between these two hormones is most manifested. An excellent review has been recently written describing the many different processes in which these two hormones are known to interact, either synergistically, such as root growth inhibition, or antagonistically, as is the case for lateral root formation （Muday et al., 2012）. Rather than following this process-centered approach, herein we decided to focus on the molecular mechanisms involved in the inter- action between ethylene and auxin. We take a closer look at the best-known transcriptional and posttranscriptional points of interaction, as well as revisit the most recent experimental findings that suggested additional levels of ethylene-auxin crosstalk.

关键词： Ethylene Auxin Interaction

The Rain on Underground Porous Media Part Ⅰ:Analysis of a Richards Model

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Chinese Annals of Mathematics,Series B 2013年第2期34卷 193-212页

作者： Christine BERNARDI Adel BLOUZA linda EL ALAOUI Laboratoire Jacques-Louis Lions CNRS & Université Pierre et Marie CurieBC 1874 Place Jussieu75252 Paris Cedex 05France Laboratoire de Mathématiques Raphaёl Salem(UMR 6085 CNRS) Université de RouenAvenue de l'UniversitéBP 1276801 Saint-tienne-du-RouvrayFrance Universit Paris 13 Sorbonne Paris CitLAGACNRS(UMR 7539)F-93430VilletaneuseFrance

The Richards equation models the water flow in a partially saturated underground porous medium under the *** it rains on the surface,boundary conditions of Signorini type must be considered on this part of the *** authors first study this problem which results into a variational inequality and then propose a discretization by an implicit Euler's scheme in time and finite elements in *** convergence of this discretization leads to the well-posedness of the problem.

关键词： Richards equation, Porous media, Euler's implicit scheme, Finite element discretization Parabolic variational inequality

Assessing the suitability of GlobeLand30 for mapping land cover in Germany

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2016年第9期9卷 873-891页

作者： Jamal Jokar Arsanjani linda See Amin Tayyebi GIScience Research Group Institute of GeographyHeidelberg UniversityHeidelbergGermany Ecosystems Services and Management Program(ESM) International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis(IIASA)LaxenburgAustria University of California-Riverside College of Natural&Agricultural SciencesCenter for Conservation BiologyRiversideCAUSA

Global land cover(LC)maps have been widely employed as the base layer for a number of applications including climate change,food security,water quality,biodiversity,change detection,and environmental *** to the importance of LC,there is a pressing need to increase the temporal and spatial resolution of global LC maps.A recent advance in this direction has been the GlobeLand30 dataset derived from Landsat imagery,which has been developed by the National Geomatics Center of China(NGCC).Although overall accuracy is greater than 80%,the NGCC would like help in assessing the accuracy of the product in different regions of the *** assist in this process,this study compares the GlobeLand30 product with existing public and online datasets,that is,CORINE,Urban Atlas(UA),OpenStreetMap,and ATKIS for Germany in order to assess overall and per class *** results of the analysis reveal high agreement of up to 92%between these datasets and GlobeLand30 but that large disagreements for certain classes are evident,in particular ***,overall,GlobeLand30 is shown to be a useful product for characterizing LC in Germany,and paves the way for further regional and national validation efforts.

关键词： Land cover/use mapping Germany Globeland30 corine global land cover maps accuracy assessment

Risk profiling in patients undergoing penile prosthesis implantation

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2020年第1期22卷 8-14页

作者： linda M Huynh Mohamad M Osman Faysal A Yafi Department of Urology University of CaliforniaIrvine Medical CenterOrangeCA 92868USA

Penile prosthesis implantation is the gold standard of surgical therapy for patients with medication-refractory erectile ***,this umbrella definition includes significant heterogeneity and associated risk profiles that should be candidly discussed and addressed *** associated with operative success and patient satisfaction are often surgery specific;however,risk profiling via patient selection,preoperative optimization,proper device selection,and intraoperative consideration are highly *** examples of common risk profiles include comorbidity(ies)such as cardiovascular disease,diabetes mellitus,prior abdominal surgery,Peyronie's disease,and psychological risk ***,integration of surgeon-and patient-amenable characteristics is key to decreasing risk of infection,complication,and need for ***,patient risk profiling provides a unique context for proper device selection and evidence-based intraoperative considerations.

关键词： patient selection penile prosthesis risk factors