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From Primitive “Imagery” (Yi-Xiang) to the Humanistic Concepts of “Inspiring Imagery” (Xing-Xiang) and “Entrusting One’s Thoughts and Feelings to Imagery”(Ji-Xiang): The Depiction of Plants in Chinese Literary History

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Frontiers of Literary Studies in China-Selected Publications from Chinese Universities 2024年第3期18卷 268-291页

作者： JIANG linchang School of History Shandong UniversityJinan 250100China

In Western civilization,as exemplified by ancient Greece,the primitive imagery of plants ceased to appear in daily ***,in China,the primitive imagery of plants that originated and flourished in primitive times never ceased to prevail even after entering the civilized *** with rationality,it gave rise to the humanistic concepts of“inspiring imagery”(xing-xiang)and“entrusting one’s thoughts and feelings to imagery”(ji-xiang),as represented by the depiction of plants in works like The Book of Odes and Odes of *** was due to China’s unique civilization origin and early civilization development *** to the concepts of“inspiring imagery”and“entrusting one’s thoughts and feelings to imagery”that emerged in the civilized and rational era,individual emotions and independent personalities can inspire or be entrusted to imagery,while imagery represents the racial collective consciousness rooted in the long-standing tradition and imbued with religious,ethical,and political connotations in the context of kinship-based *** typical artistic expressions formed during China’s Axial Age,“inspiring imagery”and“entrusting one’s thoughts and feelings to imagery”related to the depiction of plants have significantly contributed to shaping China’s distinctive aesthetic preferences,nourishing literary and artistic creations spanning over two millennia since the Qin and Han dynasties,and forging the cultural and psychological structures of the Chinese nation.

关键词： imagery yi-xiang inspiring imagery xing-xiang entrusting one’s thoughts and feelings to imagery ji-xiang

Protective role of metallothionein in stress-induced gastric ulcer in rats

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第18期11卷 2739-2743页

作者： PingJiang linchang Chun-ShuiPan Yong-FenQi Chao-ShuTang InstituteofCardiovascularDiseasesResearch PekingUniversityFirstHospitalBeijing100034China DepartmentofPhysiologyandPathophysiology PekingUniversityHealthScienceCenterBeijing100083China

AIM: To illustrate the pathophysiological role of metallothionein (MT) in gastric ulcer induced by stress. METHODS: Wistar rats underwent water-immersionrestraint (WIR) stress, ZnSO4 (an MT inducer) treatment, WIR+ZnSO4 or WIR+MT, and the ulcer index (UI) was estimated in excised stomach and liver tissues. The mRNA level of gastric MT was determined by semi-quantitative RT-PCR. The MT content in gastric and hepatic tissues was determined by Cd/hemoglobin affinity assay. The lipid peroxidation products malondialdehyde (MDA) and conjugated dienes (CD) were estimated by use of thiobarbituric acid reactive species and ultraviolet spectrophotometry. RESULTS: WIR stress induced severe gastric mucosal lesions in rats. Compared with control rats, stressed rats had increased lipid peroxide content in serum and stomach and liver tissues. MDA content was increased by 34%, 21% and 29% and CD level by 270%, 83% and 28%, respectively. MT content in the stomach and liver was increased by 0.74- and 1.8-fold, and the MT-mRNA level in the stomach was increased by 26%. Pretreatment with ZnSO4 prevented gastric lesion development (the UI was 87% lower than that without pretreatment), and the MDA and CD content in serum and tissues was lower. The MT content in the liver was double in rats that were not pretreated, and the MT mRNA level in the stomach was 35% higher. MT administration 1 h before the WIR stress prevented gastric lesion development (the UI decreased by 47% compared with that in rats not pretreated), and the MDA and CD content in serum and tissues was significantly lower. CONCLUSION: In WIR-stressed rats, the MT level was increased in serum and in stomach and liver tissues. Pre-administration of exogenous MT or pre-induction of endogenous MT can protect the gastric mucosa against stress-induced ulcers and inhibits the formation of stressinduced lipid peroxide. MT could have a gastroprotective effect and might be a new interventive and therapeutic target in stress-induced ga

关键词： Metallothionein Gastric ulcer

Garlic extract addition for soil improvement at various temperatures using enzyme-induced carbonate precipitation (EICP) method

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2023年第12期15卷 3230-3243页

作者： Hengxing Wang Xiaohao Sun linchang Miao Ziming Cao Xin Guo Institute of Geotechnical Engineering School of TransportationSoutheast UniversityNanjing210096China

Enzyme-induced carbonate precipitation (EICP) is an emerging technique to improve the soil and most studies are carried out at room temperature. However, considering some foundations are in high-temperature environments (>40 ℃), the higher urease activity at high temperature results in the solidification inhomogeneity, limiting the application of EICP. The higher urease activity at high temperature hampers the application of EICP because of solidification inhomogeneity. The garlic extract has been used as a type of urease inhibitor in medical science and food engineering. Here, we propose to use it to control urease activity for sand solidification at high temperature. The effects of garlic extract addition on urease activity and precipitation rates for calcium carbonate (CaCO_(3)) were studied. Extra tests were conducted to study the effect of garlic extract addition on the solidification homogeneity. The results showed that the garlic extract addition significantly decreased urease activity. To reduce the rate of CaCO3 precipitation at different temperatures, a suitable concentration of garlic extract was necessary to obtain a suitable urease activity. In the sand solidification test, garlic extract addition resulted in a smaller difference in sonic time values or CaCO_(3) contents at different parts of samples. The improved solidification homogeneity can achieve higher strength. The correlation between sonic time values and CaCO_(3) content was higher than that between CaCO3 content and strength. Appropriate concentrations of garlic extract were obtained at 35 ℃, 40℃, 45 ℃, 50 ℃, and 55 ℃. The proposed garlic extract addition method was significant to improve the homogeneity of solidified soil in practical engineering applications.

关键词： Enzyme-induced carbonate precipitation(EICP) Urease activity Garlic extract addition Sand solidification

Bio-cementation for tidal erosion resistance improvement of foreshore slopes based on microbially induced magnesium and calcium precipitation

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第5期16卷 1696-1708页

作者： Xiaohao Sun Junjie Wang Hengxing Wang linchang Miao Ziming Cao Linyu Wu Institute of Geotechnical Engineering Southeast UniversityNanjing211189China School of Civil Engineering and Architecture Wuhan Polytechnic UniversityWuhan430070China

In most coastal and estuarine areas,tides easily cause surface erosion and even slope failure,resulting in severe land losses,deterioration of coastal infrastructure,and increased *** bio-cementation technique has been previously demonstrated to effectively improve the erosion resistance of *** contains magnesium ions(Mg^(2+))with a higher concentration than calcium ions(Ca^(2+));therefore,Mg^(2+)and Ca^(2+)were used together for bio-cementation in this study at various Mg^(2+)/Ca^(2+)ratios as the microbially induced magnesium and calcium precipitation(MIMCP)*** angles,surface strengths,precipitation contents,major phases,and microscopic characteristics of precipitation were used to evaluate the treatment *** showed that the MIMCP treatment markedly enhanced the erosion resistance of *** Mg^(2+)/Ca^(2+)ratios resulted in a smaller change in angles and fewer soil losses,especially the Mg^(2+)concentration below 0.2 *** decreased Mg^(2+)/Ca^(2+)ratio achieved increased precipitation contents,which contributed to better erosion resistance and higher surface ***,the production of aragonite would benefit from elevated Mg^(2+)concentrations and a higher Ca^(2+)concentration led to more nesquehonite in magnesium precipitation *** slopes with an initial angle of 53°had worse erosion resistance than the slopes with an initial angle of 35°,but the Mg^(2+)/Ca^(2+)ratios of 0.2:0.8,0.1:0.9,and 0:1.0 were effective for both slope stabilization and erosion mitigation to a great *** results are of great significance for the application of MIMCP to improve erosion resistance of foreshore slopes and the MIMCP technique has promising application potential in marine engineering.

关键词： Bio-cementation Erosion resistance Foreshore slope stabilization Magnesium ions Calcium ions

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非饱和土的有效应力探讨

东南大学学报（自然科学版） 2024年第5期54卷 1115-1121页

作者：缪林昌东南大学交通学院南京210096

由于非饱和土强度季节性变化,缺失统一的非饱和土有效应力公式而无法准确预警预防,导致非饱和土堆土、边坡出现滑坡、塌陷等诸多问题,基于Terzaghi的有效应力理论和土力学三相介质原理,推导得到非饱和土土颗粒之间的相互作用力,建立了... 详细信息

由于非饱和土强度季节性变化,缺失统一的非饱和土有效应力公式而无法准确预警预防,导致非饱和土堆土、边坡出现滑坡、塌陷等诸多问题,基于Terzaghi的有效应力理论和土力学三相介质原理,推导得到非饱和土土颗粒之间的相互作用力,建立了非饱和土的有效应力公式.在此基础上,分别考虑应变功与能量守恒原理、非饱和土气水运移和受力平衡等不同情形,进一步论证了该非饱和土有效应力公式的科学性,同时利用不同的非饱和土剪切强度试验数据对这一有效应力公式进行计算验证,证明了其正确性和有效性.研究结果表明,所建立的非饱和土有效应力公式可适用于饱和土和非饱和土,并便于相关工程的设计和灾变防治应用.

关键词：非饱和土有效应力变形功气水运移剪切强度

Erosion resistance of treated dust soils based on the combined enzymatically induced carbonate precipitation and polyacrylic acid

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Biogeotechnics

Biogeotechnics 2023年第4期1卷 68-76页

作者： Hengxing Wang Junjie Wang Xiaohao Sun linchang Miao Wenbo Shi Linyu WU Junhao Yuan Institute of Geotechnical Engineering Southeast UniversityNanjing 210096China Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong KongChina School of Intelligent Transportation Xuchang UniversityXuchang 461000China School of Civil Engineering and Architecture Wuhan Polytechnic UniversityWuhan 430023China

The majority of cities worldwide are grappling with the challenge of dust ***,the application potential of enzymatically induced carbonate precipitation(EICP),a novel environmentally friendly method,for dust control has been convincingly ***,the long-term durability of EICP treatment is consistently a significant concern,particularly in regions prone to recurrent erosion caused by *** a result,the erosion durability of the EICP-treated dust soils requires further *** address this,Polyacrylic acid(PAA)was added to the cementation solution in this study as the combined PAA and EICP treatment for dust *** results showed that the addition of PAA slightly affected urea degradation;however,the combined PAA and EICP treatment significantly improved surface strength from 300 kPa to 500 kPa,especially for the wind-erosion resistance compared with the EICP treatment *** surface strength of samples treated with the combined PAA and EICP still exhibited a decrease due to repeated rainfall erosion,along with a reduction in calcium carbonate(CaCO_(3))***,the decreasing slopes of surface strength(k=13.434,14.002,or 14.186)in response to repeated rainfall for EICP-PAA-treated slopes were much smaller than those for EICP-treated samples(k=14.271),as well as the decreasing slopes of CaCO_(3)contents,which suggested the slopes with the combined treatment had significantly improved *** comparing the cementation effect and the influence of repeated rainfalls on treated dust samples,the EICP-PAA(50 g/L)treatment achieved better dust control ***,the combined treatment of EICP-PAA shows promising potential for effectively suppressing dust generation and enhancing erosion durability.

关键词： Dust control Enzymatically induced carbonate precipitation Erosion durability Polyacrylic acid Crust layer

Efficient p-i-n structured perovskite solar cells employing low-cost and highly reproducible oligomers as hole transporting materials

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Science China Chemistry 2019年第6期62卷 767-774页

作者： Erpeng Li Wenqin Li linchang Li Hao Zhang Chao Shen Zihua Wu Weiwei Zhang Xiaojia Xu He Tian Wei-Hong Zhu Yongzhen Wu Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research CenterSchool of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China University of Science and Technology School of Environmental and Materials Engineering College of Engineering Shanghai Polytechnic University

The development of p-i-n structured perovskite solar cells(PSCs) requires more extensive explorations on seeking efficient, low cost and stable hole transporting materials(HTMs). Small molecular HTMs are superior to polymeric ones in terms of synthetic reproducibility as well as purity. However, thin films composed of small molecules are usually labile during the solution-based perovskite deposition. Herein, we propose a molecular engineering strategy of incorporating oligothiophene as conjugation bridge to develop robust oligomer HTMs for p-i-n type PSCs. Upon increasing the oligothiophene chain length from α-bithiophene to α-quaterthiophene and α-hexathiophene, their HOMO energy levels remain unchanged, but their solubility in common organic solvents decreased remarkably, thus greatly enhancing their tolerance to the perovskite deposition. The rational design of oligothiophene chain length can effectively tune their optoelectronic properties as well as thin film stability under polar solvent soaking. The best performance is achieved by an α-quaterthiophene based HTM(QT), showing a high efficiency of 17.69% with fill factor of 0.81, which are comparable to those of a commercially available benchmark polymer HTM(poly[bis(4-phenyl)(2,4-dimethylphenyl) amine], PTAA) based devices fabricated under the same conditions. Our developed oligomer system not only provides the definite molecular structures like small molecule-type HTMs, but also exhibits the excellent filmforming like polymer-type HTMs, thus achieving the well-balanced parameters among solvent tolerance, thin film conductivity,and interfacial charge transfer efficiency, especially building up a platform to develop low cost and reproducible efficient HTMs in p-i-n structured perovskite solar cells.

关键词： perovskite solar cells p-i-n device structure hole transporting materials oligomers reproducibility

Spatial and temporal distribution of the cloud optical depth over China based on MODIS satellite data during 2003–2016

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2019年第6期31卷 66-81页

作者： Xiaopan Li Huizheng Che Hong Wang Xiang'ao Xia Quanliang Chen Ke Gui Hujia Zhao linchang an Yu Zheng Tianze Sun Zhizhong Sheng Chao Liu Xiaoye Zhang Plateau Atmospheric and Environment Laboratory of Sichuan Province College of Atmospheric Science Chengdu University of Information Technology State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather LASW and Institute of Atmospheric Composition Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesCMA Laboratory for Middle Atmosphere and Global Environment Observation LAGEO Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Geoscience University of Chinese Academy of Science School of Surveying and Land Information Engineering Henan Polytechnic University

The cloud optical depth(COD) is one of the important parameters used to characterize atmospheric clouds. We analyzed the seasonal variations in the COD over East Asia in 2011 using cloud mode data from the AERONET(Aerosol Robotic Network) ground-based observational network. The applicability of the MODIS(Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) COD product was verified and compared with the AERONET cloud mode dataset. There was a good correlation between the AERONET and the MODIS. The spatial and temporal distribution and trends in the COD over China were then analyzed using MODIS satellite data from 2003 to 2016. The seasonal changes in the AERONET data and the time sequence variation of the satellite data suggest that the seasonal variations in the COD are significant. The result shows that the COD first decreases and then increases with the season in northern China, and reaches the maximum in summer and minimum in ***, the spatial distribution change is just the opposite in southern China. The spatial variation trend shows the COD in China decreases first with time and gradually increases after 2014. And the trend of COD in the western and central China is consistent with that in China. While the trend of COD shows a continuously increasing over time in northeast China and the Pearl River Delta.

关键词： Sun photometer MODIS COD Verification

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发展我国的电磁兼容事业

电工技术学报 2005年第2期20卷 23-28页

作者：张林昌北京交通大学北京100044

在简介电磁兼容学科的基础上,阐述了电磁兼容的各个研究领域的技术特点及面对的困难和挑战。最后针对我国电磁兼容多年的历史情况,提出了发展我国电磁兼容事业的几点建议。

关键词：电磁兼容教育实验室