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Study on the Mechanism of Browning of Pomegranate (Punica granatum ***) Peel in Different Storage Conditions

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2008年第1期7卷 65-73页

作者： zhang you-lin zhang Run-guang College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science Shaanxi Normal University Xi＇an 710062 P.R.China

Peel browning of pomegranate fruit is the key problem during storage. The mechanism of it during storage in relation to the technology of the browning control was studied in this paper. The effects of storage temperature, gas component and pH value on peel browning of sweet pomegranate fruit in lintong, Shaanxi Province, China, were investigated. Change in tannin content was measured and the relationship between the activities of ascorbic acid oxidase （AAO）, polypenoloxidase （PPO）, peroxidase （POD）, catalase （CAT） and peel browning was analysed. The results showed tannin was the basic substance of pomegranate peel browning. The activities of the browning index of peel were correlated positively with AAO, PPO and POD, correlated negatively with CAT activity. Application of intermittent warming for 24 h at （15 ± 0.5）℃ every 5 days for pomegranate fruit storage under the conditions of pH 4.0, （5.0± 0.5）℃ and 5.0% CO2 ＋ 8.0% O2 ＋ 87.0% N2 gas component could delay browning, with the browning index being 0.15 after 120 days of storage. Enzymatic tannin denaturation was the main cause that led to peel browning of pomegranate fruit during storage. The browning control of pomegranate fruit peel was effective using intermittent warming storage with suitable pH, temperature and gas component.

关键词： pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) storage peel browning

On the Blowing up of Solutions to One-dimensional Quantum Navier-Stokes Equations

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Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica 2013年第4期29卷 855-860页

作者： Jian-wei DONG you-lin zhang Yan-ping WANG Department of Mathematics and Physics Zhengzhou Institute of Aeronautical Industry Management Library Zhengzhou Institute of Aeronautical Industry Management

The blow-up in finite time for the solutions to the initial-boundary value problem associated to the one-dimensional quantum Navier-Stokes equations in a bounded domain is proved. The model consists of the mass conservation equation and a momentum balance equation, including a nonlinear third-order differen- tial operator, with the quantum Bohm potential, and a density-dependent viscosity. It is shown that, under suitable boundary conditions and assumptions on the initial data, the solution blows up after a finite time, if the viscosity constant is not bigger than the scaled Planck constant. The proof is inspired by an observable constructed by Gamba, Gualdani and zhang, which has been used to study the blowing up of solutions to quantum hydrodynamic models.

关键词： compressible quantum Navier-Stokes equations smooth solutions blow up

Effects of ABA Content on the Development of Abscission Zone and Berry Falling After Harvesting of Grapes

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2009年第1期8卷 59-67页

作者： zhang you-lin and zhang Run-guang College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science,Shaanxi Normal University,Xi’an 710062,P.R.China [a]College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710062 P. R. China

The commodity price of grape reduces as berry falling after harvest. It is crucial to prevent grape from berry falling during storage. In this article, the structure change of grape cells in the abscission zone was observed, the ABA content and the activities of cellulase and polygalacturonase （PG） were measured, and the relationship of ABA and berry falling was investigated. The results suggest that cells in the abscission zone grow into a separation layer soon after the grapes are cut off. According to the level of development, we designed 6 grades to sort the different development stages. The grade 3 plays an important role in berry falling. ABA enhances the activities of cellulase and polygalacturonase, and accelerates the decomposition of cellulose and pectin, which determines the level of development of abscission zone and berry falling. If ABA ratio is less than 20 ng g-i flesh weight （FW）, the abscission zone is not developed to the grade 3, and the berry falling is effectively stopped. We treated grape bunches with nine plant growth regulators and two chemicals. The results indicated that 2,3,5-triiodobenzoic acid （TIBA） can （a） inhibit the generation of ABA significantly, （b） inactivate the activities of cellulase and PG, （c） delay the development of the grade 3 of abscission zone, and （d） stop berry falling. Indole acetic acid （IAA）, gibberellic acid （GA3）, naphthalene acetic acid （NAA）, 6-benzylaminopurine （6-BA）, calcium chloride （CaCl2）, and potassium permanganate （KMnO4） caused similar results as TIBA. Chlorocholine chloride （CCC）, dimethyl amino succinamic acid （B9）, chloroethylphosphonic acid （CEPA） and exogenous ABA showed opposite effects.

关键词： grape phytohormone enzyme berry falling

Effects of Different Nitrogen Fertilizer Levels on Fe,Mn,Cu and Zn Concentrations in Shoot and Grain Quality in Rice (Oryza sativa)

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Rice science 2007年第4期14卷 289-294页

作者： HAO Hu-lin WEI you-zhang YANG Xiao-e FENG Ying WU Chun-yong Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecosystem Health Ministry of Education College of Natural Resource and Environment Science Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310029 China

In a pot experiment, effects of N fertilizer application on the concentrations of Fe, Mn, Cu and Zn in shoot of rice and the quality of brown rice were studied. In the treatments with N fertilizer application, the concentrations of Fe, Mn, Cu and Zn in most parts of rice shoot increased compared with control （no N fertilizer application）. This indicated that the transportation ability of microelements from root to shoot in rice was improved with N fertilizer application. Effect of N fertilizer on IR68144 was similar to that of on IR64, but the concentrations of the microelements in plant differed, suggesting that the characteristic expression of the two rice genotypes was not controlled by the amount of N fertilizer supplied. The concentrations of those microelements in brown rice increased at first and then decreased with increasing N fertilizer application, reaching the highest at 160 kg/ha, at which the Fe, Mn, Cu and Zn concentrations in brown rice increased by 28.96%, 41.34%, 58.31% and 16.0% for IR64, and by 22.16%, 13.75%, 8.75% and 20.21% for IR68144 compared with control, respectively. Moreover, N fertilizer promoted the accumulation of protein, decreased the accumulation of amylose in grain, and enhanced gel consistency of brown rice. These results indicate that appropriate N fertilizer management could increase micronutrient contents in grain and improve nutrition quality of rice.

关键词： rice nitrogen fertilizer microelement quality trait nutrient concentration protein content amylose content

UNUSUAL SOLIDIFICATION MICROSTRUCTURE OF Fe_(70)Cr_(18)Mo_2Si_1B_9 SINGLE-ROLL QUENCHED RIBBON

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 1989年第9期2卷 177-183页

作者： lin Yijian you Yunlong zhang Xiaomin JING Chunyong YU Quanqin Shanghai Iron and Steel Research Institute,Shanghai,China lin Yijian Shanghai Iron and Steel Research Institute,Shanghai,China

The solidification microstructure of Fe_(70)Cr_(18)Mo_2Si_1B_9 single-roll quenched ribbons with dif- ferent rotating speed of roller and under different atmosphere conditions was investigated. Apart from usual crystallization by homogeneous and heterogeneous nucleation,it was found that α-iron cohnnnar grains with strong preferred orientation formed beneath free surface and that spheres of α-iron single coastal with a size of several μm up to 20μm,which have rarely been reported,appeared inside the *** was experirnental evidence suggesting that clusters of metal atoms formed from fluctuation in early undercooled liquid might play a role as pre-existed nuclei and,in fact,control the formation of amorphous for this alloy.

关键词： Fe_(70)Cr_(18)Mo_2Si_1B_9 single-roll quenched ribbon microstructure

Bidirectional regulation of the brain-gut-microbiota axis following traumatic brain injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第8期20卷 2153-2168页

作者： Xinyu you lin Niu Jiafeng Fu Shining Ge Jiangwei Shi Yanjun zhang Pengwei Zhuang National Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Modernization Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjinChina Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjinChina First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine TianjinChina National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion TianjinChina

Traumatic brain injury is a prevalent disorder of the central nervous *** addition to primary brain parenchymal damage,the enduring biological consequences of traumatic brain injury pose long-term risks for patients with traumatic brain injury;however,the underlying pathogenesis remains unclear,and effective intervention methods are *** dysfunction is a significant consequence of traumatic brain *** the most densely innervated peripheral tissue in the body,the gut possesses multiple pathways for the establishment of a bidirectional“brain-gut axis”with the central nervous *** gut harbors a vast microbial community,and alterations of the gut niche contribute to the progression of traumatic brain injury and its unfavorable prognosis through neuronal,hormonal,and immune pathways.A comprehensive understanding of microbiota-mediated peripheral neuroimmunomodulation mechanisms is needed to enhance treatment strategies for traumatic brain injury and its associated *** comprehensively reviewed alterations in the gut microecological environment following traumatic brain injury,with a specific focus on the complex biological processes of peripheral nerves,immunity,and microbes triggered by traumatic brain injury,encompassing autonomic dysfunction,neuroendocrine disturbances,peripheral immunosuppression,increased intestinal barrier permeability,compromised responses of sensory nerves to microorganisms,and potential effector nuclei in the central nervous system influenced by gut ***,we reviewed the mechanisms underlying secondary biological injury and the dynamic pathological responses that occur following injury to enhance our current understanding of how peripheral pathways impact the outcome of patients with traumatic brain *** review aimed to propose a conceptual model for future risk assessment of central nervous system-related diseases while elucidating novel insights into the bidirectional effec

关键词： traumatic brain injury brain-gut-microbiome axis gut microbiota neuroimmune immunosuppression host defense vagal afferents bacterial infection dorsal root ganglia nociception neural circuitry

Two stages power generation test of the hot dry rock exploration and production demonstration project in the Gonghe Basin,northeastern Qinghai-Tibet plateau,China

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China Geology 2024年第3期7卷 409-421页

作者： Er-yong zhang Dong-guang Wen Gui-ling Wang Xian-peng Jin lin-you zhang Hai-dong Wu Wen-shi Wang Cheng-ming Ye Wei Weng Kuan Li Jin-sheng Wu Xian-chun Tang Chong-yuan zhang Qing-da Feng Sheng Lian Li-sha Hu Gui-lin Zhu Xing-long Xie Bin Wu Dan Wang Xue Niu Zhao-xuan Niu Dong-lin Liu Hui zhang Wen-hao Xu Shu-qing Yao Li Yang Center for Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology Survey China Geological SurveyMinistry of Natural ResourcesTianjin 300304China Institute of Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology Chinese Academy of Geological SciencesChina Geological SurveyShijiazhuang 050061China Institute of Exploration Techniques Chinese Academy of Geological SciencesChina Geological SurveyLangfang 065000China Institute of Exploration Engineering China Geological SurveyMinistry of Natural ResourcesBeijing 100083China Institute of Exploration Technology Chinese Academy of Geological SciencesChengdu 611734China Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences China Geological SurveyBeijing 100037China Institute of Geomechanics Chinese Academy of Geological SciencesChina Geological SurveyBeijing 100081China Geoscience Documentation Center China Geological SurveyMinistry of Natural ResourcesBeijing 100083China

The Hot Dry Rock(HDR)is considered as a clean and renewable energy,poised to significantly contribute to the global energy decarbonization *** HDR projects worldwide have accumulated valuable experience in efficient drilling and completion,reservoir construction,and fracture *** 2019,China Geological Survey(CGS)initiated a demonstration project of HDR exploration and production in the Gonghe Basin,aiming to overcome the setbacks faced by HDR *** the ensuing four years,the Gonghe HDR project achieved the first power generation in 2021,followed by the second power generation test in *** establishing the primary well group in the initial phase,two directional wells and one branch well were *** progress was made in successfully constructing the targeted reservoir,realizing inter-well connectivity,power generation and grid connection,implementing of the real-time micro-seismic monitoring.A closed-loop technical validation of the HDR exploration and production was ***,many technical challenges remain in the process of HDR industrialization,such as reservoir fracture network characterization,efficient drilling and completion,multiple fracturing treatment,continuous injection and production,as well as mitigation of induced seismicity and numerical simulation technology.

关键词： Power generation Hot dry rock(HDR) Enhanced geothermal system(EGS) Genesis mechanism Gonghe Basin Directional drilling Reservoir construction Circulation test Induced seismicity Clean energy exploration engineering

Transfer RNA-derived small RNA serves as potential non-invasive diagnostic marker and a novel therapeutic target for acute pancreatitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2025年第1期31卷 152-156页

作者： Jing zhang Chun-lin Ou Department of Immunology School of Basic MedicineCentral South UniversityChangsha 410000Hunan ProvinceChina Department of Pathology Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangsha 410008Hunan ProvinceChina

Transfer RNA(tRNA)-derived fragments,a new type of tRNA-derived small RNA(tsRNA),can be cleaved from tRNA by enzymes to regulate target gene expression at the transcriptional and translational *** are not only degradation fragments but also have biological functions,including those in immune inflammation,metabolic disorders,and cell *** dysregulation is closely associated with multiple diseases,including various cancers and acute pancreatitis(AP).AP is a common gastrointestinal disease,and its incidence increases *** development is associated with tsRNAs,which regulate cell injury and induce inflammation,especially pyroptosis and ***,serum tRF36 has the potential to serve as a non-invasive diagnostic biomarker and leads to pancreatic acinar cell ferroptosis causing inflammation to promote *** show the characteristics of tsRNAs and their diagnostic value and function in AP,and discuss the potential opportunities and challenges of using tsRNAs in clinical applications and research.

关键词： Transfer RNA derived small RNAs Acute pancreatitis Liquid biopsy Biomarker Cell pyroptosis Ferroptosis

Induction of collateral artery growth and improvement of post-infarct heart function by hepatocyte growth factor gene transfer

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Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 2006年第5期27卷 555-560页

作者： Wei WANG Zhi-jian YANG~2 Dong-chao MA Lian-sheng WANG Shun-lin XU you-rong zhang Ke-jiang CAO Fu-min zhang Wen-zhu MA Department of Cardiovascular Medicine,First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University,Nanjing 210029,China DepartmentofCardiovascularMedicine FirstAffiliatedHospitalofNanjingMedicalUniversityNanjing210029China

Aim:To study the effect of adenovirus5-mediated human hepatocyte growth fac-tor(Ad5-HGF) transfer on post-infarct heart failure in a swine ***:Twelve young Suzhong swine were randomly divided into 2 groups:the Ad5-HGFgroup (n=6) and the null-Ad5group (n=6).Four weeks after left anterior descend-ing coronary artery (LAD) ligation,Ad5-HGF was transferred into the myocardiumvia the right coronary *** angiography and gated cardiac perfusionimaging were performed at the end of 4 and 7 weeks after LAD ligation,respectively,to evaluate collateral artery growth and cardiac *** all animals werekilled,the expression of HGF and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) were evaluatedby enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and ***:Compared with the null-Ad5group,higher expression of human HGF was ob-served in the myocardium in the Ad5-HGF group (109.3±7.8 vs 6.2±2.6,t=30.685,P<0.01).The left ventricular ejection fraction was higher in the Ad5-HGF groupthan in the null-Ad5group (43.9±4.3 vs 30.4±2.8,t=6.514,P<0.01).From the 4thweek to the 7th week after operation,left ventricular end systolic volume (42.1±3.0vs 31.0±4.9,t=12.800,P<0.01) and left ventricular end diastolic volume (62.2±4.2 vs55.0±4.8 t=13.207,P<0.01) were improved in the Ad5-HGF *** perfu-sion was significantly improved in the Ad5-HGF *** the Ad5-HGF group,growth of collateral arteries was obviously greater (average rank sum 9.17 vs 3.83,n=6,u=-2.687,P<0.01),and the number of α-SMA~+ vessels/mm~2 was significantlygreater (56.1±4.2 vs 16.4±3.5,t=17.731,P<0.01) than in the ***:High expression levels of human HGF were observed in the myocar-dium because of non-infarct-related vessel *** can increase the numberof functional arterioles and improve collateral artery *** can improvecardiac perfusion and heart function.

关键词： gene therapy heart failure acute myocardial infarction