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Nano Research 2024年第9期17卷 8200-8208页

作者： Xiang Cheng Teng Chen De Gong Pengcheng Ma bo Chen Jun cai Aerospace Information Research Institute Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Beijing U-Precision Tech Co. Ltd.Beijing 100176China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Fabric-based composites with superior mechanical properties and excellent perceptive function are highly ***,it remains a huge challenge to attain structure-function integration,especially for hybrid fabric ***,a skin-inspired interface modification strategy is proposed toward this target by constructing a hybrid smart fabric system consisting of two types of smart fabrics:carbon nanotube(CNT)/MXene-modified aramid fabrics and zinc oxide nanorod(ZnO NR)-modified carbon *** on that,flexible piezoelectric pressure sensors with skin-like hierarchical perception interfaces are fabricated,which demonstrate superb sensitivity of 2.39 V·kPa^(-1)and are capable of various wearable monitoring ***,the interface-modified hybrid fabric reinforced plastics can also be fabricated,which are proven to possess 13.6%higher tensile strength,10.1%elastic *** impressively,their average energy absorption can be improved by 111.9%,accompanied with inherent damage alert *** offers a paradigm to fabricate structure-function integrated hybrid smart fabric composites for the smart clothing and intelligent aerial vehicles.

关键词： hybrid fabrics interface modification piezoelectric pressure sensors self-diagnostic composites structure-function integration

Solving Multi-Objective Vehicle Routing Problems with Time Windows: A Decomposition-Based Multiform Optimization Approach

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2024年第2期29卷 305-324页

作者： Yiqiao cai Zifan lin Meiqin Cheng Peizhong Liu Ying Zhou Xiamen Key Laboratory of Data Security and Blockchain Technology College of Computer Science and TechnologyHuaqiao UniversityXiamen361021China College of Engineering Huaqiao UniversityQuanzhou362000China School of Computer Sciences Shenzhen Institute of Information TechnologyShenzhen518000China

In solving multi-objective vehicle routing problems with time windows (MOVRPTW),most existing algorithms focus on the optimization of a single problem formulation. However,little effort has been devoted to exploiting valuable knowledge from the alternate formulations of MOVRPTW for better optimization performance. Aiming at this insufficiency,this study proposes a decomposition-based multi-objective multiform evolutionary algorithm (MMFEA/D),which performs the evolutionary search on multiple alternate formulations of MOVRPTW simultaneously to complement each other. In particular,the main characteristics of MMFEA/D are three folds. First,a multiform construction (MFC) strategy is adopted to construct multiple alternate formulations,each of which is formulated by grouping several adjacent subproblems based on the decomposition of MOVRPTW. Second,a transfer reproduction (TFR) mechanism is designed to generate offspring for each formulation via transferring promising solutions from other formulations,making that the useful traits captured from different formulations can be shared and leveraged to guide the evolutionary search. Third,an adaptive local search (ALS) strategy is developed to invest search effort on different alternate formulations as per their usefulness for MOVRPTW,thus facilitating the efficient allocation of computational resources. Experimental studies have demonstrated the superior performance of MMFEA/D on the classical Solomon instances and the real-world instances.

关键词： MOVRPTW multiform optimization multiform construction knowledge transfer adaptive local search

Effects of zeolite imidazole frameworks on rice seedlings (Oryza sativa L.): Phytotoxicity, transformation, and bioaccumulation

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第10期144卷 15-25页

作者： Chaofa Chen Yongqi Yao Chenghua Xing Yunyu Guo Luyi cai Jianfang Yan Xi-lin Wu Miaozhen cai College of Geography and Environmental Science Zhejiang Normal UniversityJinhuaZhejiang 321004China College of Agriculture Jinhua PolytechnicJinhuaZhejiang 321007China

Zeolite imidazole frameworks(ZIFs),a class of the metal organic framework,have been extensively studied in environmental ***,their environmental fate and potential ecological impact on plants remain ***,we investigated the phytotoxicity,transformation,and bioaccumulation processes of two typical ZIFs(ZIF-8 and ZIF-67)in rice(Oryza sativa L.)under hydroponic ***-8 and ZIF-67 in the concentration of 50 mg/L decreased root and shoot dry weight maximally by 55.2%and 27.5%,53.5%and 37.5%,*** scanning electron microscopy(SEM)imaging combined with X-ray diffraction(XRD)patterns revealed that ZIFs on the root surface gradually collapsed and transformed into nanosheets with increasing cultivation *** fluorescein isothiocyanate(FITC)labeled ZIFs were applied to trace the uptake and translocation of ZIFs in *** results demonstrated that the transformed ZIFs were mainly distributed in the intercellular spaces of rice root,while they cannot be transported to culms and *** so,the Co and Zn contents of rice roots and shoots in the ZIFs treated groups were increased by 1145%and 1259%,145%and 259%,respectively,compared with the control *** findings suggested that the phytotoxicity of ZIFs are primarily attributed to the transformed ZIFs and to a less extent,the metal ions and their ligands,and they were internalized by rice root and increased the Co and Zn contents of *** study reported the transformation of ZIFs and their biological effectiveness in rice,highlighting the potential environmental hazards and risks of ZIFs to crop plants.

关键词： Zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs) Rice(Oryza sativa L.) Phytotoxicity Transformed ZIFs ZIFs bioaccumulation

Recovery of Li, Ni, Co and Mn from spent lithium-ion batteries assisted by organic acids: Process optimization and leaching mechanism

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第3期31卷 518-530页

作者： Liuyi Ren bo Liu Shenxu Bao Wei Ding Yimin Zhang Xiaochuan Hou Chao lin bo Chen School of Resources and Environmental Engineering Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Mineral Metallurgical Resources Utilization and Pollution Control Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430081China Zhejiang New Era Zhongneng Recycling Technology Co. LtdShaoxing 312000China Shenzhen Water Planning&Design Institute Co. LtdShenzhen 518000China

The proper recycling of spent lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)can promote the recovery and utilization of valuable resources,while also negative environmental effects resulting from the presence of toxic and hazardous *** this study,a new environmentally friendly hydro-metallurgical process was proposed for leaching lithium(Li),nickel(Ni),cobalt(Co),and manganese(Mn)from spent LIBs using sulfuric acid with citric acid as a *** effects of the concentration of sulfuric acid,the leaching temperature,the leaching time,the solid-liquid ratio,and the reducing agent dosage on the leaching behavior of the above elements were *** parameters were optimized using response surface methodology(RSM)to maximize the recovery of metals from spent *** maxim-um recovery efficiencies of Li,Ni,Co,and Mn can reach 99.08%,98.76%,98.33%,and 97.63%.under the optimized conditions(the sulfuric acid concentration was 1.16 mol/L,the citric acid dosage was 15wt%,the solid-liquid ratio was 40 g/L,and the temperature was 83℃ for 120 min),*** was found that in the collaborative leaching process of sulfuric acid and citric acid,the citric acid initially provided strong reducing CO_(2)^(-),and the transition metal ions in the high state underwent a reduction reaction to produce transition metal ions in the low ***,citric acid can also act as a proton donor and chelate with lower-priced transition metal ions,thus speeding up the dissolution process.

关键词： spent lithium-ion batteries leaching response surface methodology sulfuric acid citric acid

Two-Staged Method for Ice Channel Identification Based on Image Segmentation and Corner Point Regression

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China Ocean Engineering 2024年第2期38卷 313-325页

作者： DONG Wen-bo ZHOU Li DING Shi-feng WANG Ai-ming cai Jin-yan School of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering Jiangsu University of Science and TechnologyZhenjiang 212003China School of Naval Architecture Ocean and Civil EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

Identification of the ice channel is the basic technology for developing intelligent ships in ice-covered waters,which is important to ensure the safety and economy of *** the Arctic,merchant ships with low ice class often navigate in channels opened up by *** in the ice channel often depends on good maneuverability skills and abundant experience from the captain to a large *** ship may get stuck if steered into ice fields off the *** this circumstance,it is very important to study how to identify the boundary lines of ice channels with a reliable *** this paper,a two-staged ice channel identification method is developed based on image segmentation and corner point *** first stage employs the image segmentation method to extract channel *** the second stage,an intelligent corner regression network is proposed to extract the channel boundary lines from the channel region.A non-intelligent angle-based filtering and clustering method is proposed and compared with corner point regression *** training and evaluation of the segmentation method and corner regression network are carried out on the synthetic and real ice channel *** evaluation results show that the accuracy of the method using the corner point regression network in the second stage is achieved as high as 73.33%on the synthetic ice channel dataset and 70.66%on the real ice channel dataset,and the processing speed can reach up to 14.58frames per second.

关键词： ice channel ship navigation identification image segmentation corner point regression

Switched-capacitor Based Seven-level boost Inverter with a Reduced Number of Devices

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2024年第1期10卷 381-391页

作者： Weijie lin Jun Zeng bo Fu Zhixing Yan Junfeng Liu School of Electric Power Engineering South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510641China WISDRI Engineering&Research Incorporation Limited Wuhan 430074China Department of Energy Aalborg UniversityAalborg 9220Denmark School of Automation Science and Engineering South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510641China

The conventional multilevel inverters(MLIs)have the disadvantages of numerous devices,incapacity of boost,unbalance for capacitor’s voltage,high complexity for control,and *** by this issue,a seven-level boost inverter(7LBI)based on a switched capacitor is presented for singlephase applications in this *** proposed 7LBI using only seven transistors can achieve seven output levels,1.5 voltage gain,and natural balance of capacitors’voltages without sensors or other auxiliary methods,which illustrates its suitability for the applications of renewable energy *** configuration of topology and operating principles are illustrated in *** natural balance of capacitors and capacitance calculations are deduced as ***,the comparative study is conducted for different types of *** results illustrate the merits of the proposed 7LBI with respect to reduced devices,lower voltage stress,and less power ***,a simulation for the proposed 7LBI with PWM modulation is realized based on the theoretical analysis;an experimental prototype is also implemented,verifying multilevel output,boost ability,natural balance for switched capacitors,and performance of transient response.

关键词： Multilevel inverters voltage gain natural balance renewable energy generation reduced number of elements

Modeling and analysis of gradient metamaterials for broad fusion bandgaps

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第7期45卷 1155-1170页

作者： Changqi cai Chenjie ZHU Fengyi ZHANG Jiaojiao SUN Kai WANG bo YAN Jiaxi ZHOU School of Mechanical Engineering Zhejiang Sci-Tech UniversityHangzhou310018China School of Material and Environmental Engineering Hangzhou Dianzi UniversityHangzhou310018China College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering Hunan UniversityChangsha410082China

A gradient metamaterial with varying-stiffness local resonators is proposed to open the multiple bandgaps and further form a broad fusion ***,three local resonators with linearly increasing stiffness are periodically attached to the spring-mass chain to construct the gradient *** dispersion relation is then derived based on Bloch's theorem to reveal the fusion bandgap *** dynamic characteristic of the finite spring-mass chain is investigated to validate the fusion of multiple ***,the effects of the design parameters on multiple bandgaps are *** results show that the metamaterial with a non-uniform stiffness gradient pattern is capable of opening a broad fusion bandgap and effectively attenuating the longitudinal waves within a broad frequency region.

关键词： local resonance mechanism elastic metamaterial stiffness gradient bandgap fusion broadband wave attenuation

Experimental Study of Fuel-Air Mixing and Dilution Jets on Outlet Temperature Distribution in a Small Gas Turbine Combustor

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Journal of Thermal Science 2024年第5期33卷 1883-1896页

作者： cai Wenzhe WU Jing HU Yingqi YANG Zhiqiang XUE Xin lin Yuzhen National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Aero-Engine Aero-thermodynamics Research Institute of Aero-EngineBeihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Beijing Institute of Power Machinery Beijing 100074China School of Energy and Power Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China

Experimental analysis was conducted to study the impact of fuel-air mixing and dilution jet on the temperature distribution in a small gas turbine combustor using various optical diagnostic *** strength and velocity of the swirler at the venturi exit were adjusted to modify the fuel-air mixture,which is presumed to dominate the heat release of the main combustion ***,the dilution hole configuration,including the number and size of the holes,was varied to investigate the dilution effect on outlet temperature *** optical diagnostic techniques,such as particle image velocimetry,planar Mie scattering,and OH~*chemiluminescence,were used to measure the flow field,fuel spray distribution,and flame structure,respectively.A reduction in swirling strength led to a decrease in the average flow rate in the throat,which improved the structure and symmetry of the axial vortex system in the sleeve,enhanced the mixing of fuel and gas in the dome swirling air,and ultimately,improved the temperature uniformity of the heat release *** to larger and sparse dilution jets,smaller and dense dilution jets tended to generate hot spots shifted towards the radial middle area.

关键词： small gas turbine combustor fuel-air mixing outlet temperature distribution dilution jet laser diagnostics

Self-Driven Photo-Polarized Water Molecule-Triggered Graphene-Based Photodetector

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Research 2024年第2期2023卷 273-283页

作者： Shisheng lin Chang Liu Xin Chen Yi Zhang Hongtao lin Xutao Yu Yujiao bo Yanghua Lu College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027P.R.China Hangzhou Gelanfeng Technology Co.Ltd Hangzhou 310051P.R.China State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation Zhejang UniversityHangzhou 310027P.R.China Key Laboratory of Wide Bandgap Semiconductor Materials and Devices HCSemitek CorporationYiwu 322009P.R.China Smart Materials for Architecture Research Lab Innovation Center of Yangtze River DeltaZhejiang UniversityJiaxing 314100P.R.China

Flowing water can be used as an energy source for generators,providing a major part of the energy for daily ***,water is rarely used for information or electronic ***,we present the feasibility of a polarized liquid-triggered photodetector in which polarized water is sandwiched between graphene and a *** to the polarization and depolarization processes of water molecules driven by photogenerated carriers,a photo-sensitive current can be repeatedly produced,resulting in a high-performance *** response wavelength of the photodetector can be fine-tuned as a result of the free choice of semiconductors as there is no requirement of lattice match between graphene and the *** zero voltage bias,the responsivity and specific detectivity of Gr/NaCl(0.5 M)W/N-GaN reach values of 130.7 mA/W and 2.3×10^(9)Jones under 350 nm illumination,***,using a polar liquid photodetector can successfully read the photoplethysmography signals to produce accurate oxygen blood saturation and heart *** with the commercial pulse oximetry sensor,the average errors of oxygen saturation and heart rate in the designed photoplethysmography sensor are~1.9%and~2.1%,*** study reveals that water can be used as a high-performance photodetector in informative industries.

关键词： polarization polarized saturation

Well-controlled Organocatalytic Ring-opening Polymerization of Seven-membered Cyclic Carbonates with Cyclohexyl Fusion

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2024年第5期40卷 856-862页

作者： ZHANG Wei SHAN Si-Yi DAI Jiang cai Zhongzheng ZHU Jian-bo Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brine Chemical Engineering and Resource Eco-utilization College of Chemical Engineering and Materials ScienceTianjin University of Science and TechnologyTianjin300457P.R.China National Engineering Laboratory of Eco-friendly Polymeric Materials(Sichuan) College of ChemistrySichuan UniversityChengdu610064P.R.China

Developing green and well-controlled polymerization methods is of great significance for the preparation of biomedical polymer *** this contribution,an efficient organocatalytic ring-opening polymerization(ROP)of a class of seven-membered cyclic carbonates(T6DO,T6HDO,C6DO,C6HDO)containing cis-or trans-cyclohexane structure was *** catalyst 1,5,7-triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec-5-ene(TBD)promoted living polymerization of these cyclic carbonates to deliver polycarbonate and block copolymer products with predictable molecular weights and narrow *** robust TBD-mediated ROP at 90°C showcased turnover frequency(TOF)up to 10^(3)h^(−1).The resulting amorphous polycarbonates displayed good thermal stability.

关键词： CO_(2) Organic catalyst Living ring-opening polymerization Aliphatic polycarbonate