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Evidence for particle acceleration approaching PeV energies in the W51 complex

science Bulletin 2024年第18期69卷 2833-2841页

作者： LHAASO Collaboration Zhen Cao F.Aharonian Axikegu Y.X.Bai Y.W.Bao D.Bastieri X.J.Bi Y.J.Bi W.Bian A.V.Bukevich Q.Cao W.Y.Cao Zhe Cao J.Chang J.F.Chang A.M.Chen E.S.Chen H.X.Chen Liang Chen lin Chen Long Chen M.J.Chen M.L.Chen Q.H.Chen S.Chen S.H.Chen S.Z.Chen T.L.Chen Y.Chen N.Cheng Y.D.Cheng M.Y.Cui S.W.Cui X.H.Cui Y.D.Cui B.Z.Dai H.L.Dai Z.G.Dai Danzengluobu X.Q.dong K.K.Duan J.H.Fan Y.Z.Fan J.Fang J.H.Fang K.Fang C.F.Feng H.Feng L.Feng S.H.Feng X.T.Feng Y.Feng Y.L.Feng S.Gabici B.Gao C.D.Gao Q.Gao W.Gao W.K.Gao M.M.Ge L.S.Geng G.Giacinti G.H.Gong Q.B.Gou M.H.Gu F.L.Guo X.L.Guo Y.Q.Guo Y.Y.Guo Y.A.Han M.Hasan H.H.He H.N.He J.Y.He Y.He Y.K.Hor B.W.Hou C.Hou X.Hou H.B.Hu Q.Hu S.C.Hu D.H.Huang T.Q.Huang W.J.Huang X.T.Huang X.Y.Huang Y.Huang X.L.Ji H.Y.Jia K.Jia K.Jiang X.W.Jiang Z.J.Jiang M.Jin M.M.Kang I.Karpikov D.Kuleshov K.Kurinov B.B.Li C.M.Li Cheng Li Cong Li D.Li F.Li H.B.Li H.C.Li Jian Li Jie Li K.Li S.D.Li W.L.Li W.L.Li X.R.Li Xin Li Y.Z.Li Zhe Li Zhuo Li E.W.Liang Y.F.Liang S.J.lin B.Liu C.Liu D.Liu D.B.Liu H.Liu H.D.Liu J.Liu J.L.Liu M.Y.Liu R.Y.Liu S.M.Liu W.Liu Y.Liu Y.N.Liu Q.Luo Y.Luo H.K.Lv B.Q.Ma L.L.Ma X.H.Ma J.R.Mao Z.Min W.Mitthumsiri H.J.Mu Y.C.Nan A.Neronov L.J.Ou P.Pattarakijwanich Z.Y.Pei J.C.Qi M.Y.Qi B.Q.Qiao J.J.Qin A.Raza D.Ruffolo A.Sáiz M.Saeed D.Semikoz L.Shao O.Shchegolev X.D.Sheng F.W.Shu H.C.Song Yu.V.Stenkin V.Stepanov Y.Su D.X.Sun Q.N.Sun X.N.Sun Z.B.Sun J.Takata P.H.T.Tam Q.W.Tang R.Tang Z.B.Tang W.W.Tian C.wang C.B.wang G.W.wang H.G.wang H.H.wang J.C.wang Kai wang Kai wang L.P.wang L.Y.wang P.H.wang R.wang W.wang X.G.wang X.Y.wang Y.wang Y.D.wang Y.J.wang Z.H.wang Z.X.wang Zhen wang Zheng wang D.M.Wei J.J.Wei Y.J.Wei T.Wen C.Y.Wu H.R.Wu Q.W.Wu S.Wu X.F.Wu Y.S.Wu S.Q.Xi J.Xia G.M.Xiang D.X.Xiao G.Xiao Y.L.Xin Y.Xing D.R.Xiong Z.Xiong D.L.Xu R.F.Xu R.X.Xu W.L.Xu L.Xue D.H.Yan J.Z.Yan T.Yan C.W.Yang C.Y.Yang F.Yang F.F.Yang L.L.Yang M.J.Yang R.Z.Yang W.X.Yang Y.H.Yao Z.G.Yao L.Q.Yin N.Yin X.H.You Z.Y.You Y.H.Yu Q.Yuan H.Yue H.D.Zeng T.X.Zeng W.Zeng M.Zha B.B.Zhang F.Zhang H.Zhang 不详 Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics&Experimental physics Division&Computing Center Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China university of Chinese Academy of sciences Beijing 100049China TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center ChengduChina Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies 31 Fitzwilliam Place2 DublinIreland Max-Planck-Institut for Nuclear physics P.O.Box 103980Heidelberg 69029Germany School of Physical science and Technology&School of information science and Technology Southwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu 610031China School of Astronomy and Space science Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China Center for Astrophysics Guangzhou UniversityGuangzhou 510006China Tsung-Dao Lee Institute&School of physics and Astronomy Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Institute for Nuclear Research of Russian Academy of sciences Moscow 117312Russia Hebei Normal university Shijiazhuang 050024China university of science and Technology of {2. Hefei 230026China State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics China Key Laboratory of Dark Matter and Space Astronomy&Key Laboratory of Radio Astronomy Purple Mountain ObservatoryChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210023China Research Center for Astronomical Computing Zhejiang LaboratoryHangzhou 311121China Key Laboratory for Research in Galaxies and Cosmology Shanghai Astronomical ObservatoryChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200030China School of physics and Astronomy Yunnan UniversityKunming 650091China Key Laboratory of Cosmic Rays(Tibet university) Ministry of EducationLhasa 850000China National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China School of physics and Astronomy(Zhuhai)&School of physics(Guangzhou)&Sino-French Institute of Nuclear {2. and Technology(Zhuhai) Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 519000&Guangzhou 510275GuangdongChina Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary science Shandong UniversityQingdao 266237China APC UniversitéParis Cité

Theγ-ray emission from the W51 complex is widely acknowledged to be attributed to the interaction between the cosmic rays(CRs)accelerated by the shock of supernova remnant(SNR)W51C and the dense molecular clouds in the adjacent star-forming region,***,the maximum acceleration capability of W51C for CRs remains *** on observations conducted with the Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory(LHAASO),we report a significant detection ofγrays emanating from the W51 complex,with energies from 2.to 2.0 *** LHAASO measurements,for the first time,extend theγ-ray emission from the W51 complex beyond 100 TeV and reveal a significant spectrum bending at tens of *** combining the"π^(0)-decay bump"featured data from Fermi-LAT,the broadbandγ-ray spectrum of the W51 region can be well-characterized by a simple pp-collision *** observed spectral bending feature suggests an exponential cutoff at~400 TeV or a power-law break at~2.0 TeV in the CR proton spectrum,most likely providing the first evidence of SNRs serving as CR accelerators approaching the PeV ***,two young star clusters within W51B could also be theoretically viable to produce the most energeticγrays observed by *** findings strongly support the presence of extreme CR accelerators within the W51 complex and provide new insights into the origin of Galactic CRs.

关键词： UHE c-ray Cosmic rays SNR W51C Star clusters

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Lie Algebras Associated with Group U（n）

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Communications in Theoretical physics 2007年第2X期48卷 215-226页

作者： ZHANG Yu-Feng dong Huang-He Honwah Tam Mathematical School Liaoning Normal University Dalian 116029 China School of information and science {2. Shandong University of Science and Technology Qingdao 266510 China department of Computer science Hong Kong Baptist University Hong Kong China

Starting from the subgroups of the group U（n）, the corresponding Lie algebras of the Lie algebra Al are presented, from which two well-known simple equivalent matrix Lie algebras are given. It follows that a few expanding Lie algebras are obtained by enlarging matrices. Some of them can be devoted to producing double integrable couplings of the soliton hierarchies of nonlinear evolution equations. Others can be used to generate integrable couplings involving more potential functions. The above Lie algebras are classified into two types. Only one type can generate the integrable couplings, whose Hamiltonian structure could be obtained by use of the quadratic-form identity. In addition, one condition on searching for integrable couplings is improved such that more useful Lie algebras are enlightened to engender. Then two explicit examples are shown to illustrate the applications of the Lie algebras. Finally, with the help of closed cycling operation relations, another way of producing higher-dimensional Lie algebras is given.

关键词： Lie algebra group integrable couplings

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CDAG改进算法及其在GF-6 WFV数据云检测中的应用

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光学学报 2020年第16期40卷 137-146页

作者：董震孙林刘喜荣王永吉梁天辰山东科技大学测绘科学与工程学院山东青岛266590

为提高GF-6 WFV数据的利用效率,研究了GF-6 WFV数据的云检测算法。该算法是基于阈值自动生成的云检测(CDAG)算法,通过挖掘云和典型地表在可见光、近红外波段的光谱差异信息,实现了对多光谱卫星传感器的云检测。考虑到GF-6 WFV数据光谱... 详细信息

为提高GF-6 WFV数据的利用效率,研究了GF-6 WFV数据的云检测算法。该算法是基于阈值自动生成的云检测(CDAG)算法,通过挖掘云和典型地表在可见光、近红外波段的光谱差异信息,实现了对多光谱卫星传感器的云检测。考虑到GF-6 WFV数据光谱范围相对较窄,云与亮地表的识别能力相对较弱的问题,加入了离差指数和亮地表指数,使用更多的波段组合方式,更加深入地分析云像元和晴空像元的差异,提高了典型地表与云的识别精度。通过遥感目视判读的方法对本研究中抽取的不同子区域的云检测结果进行分析,识别精度达到85.16%,漏分误差和错分误差分别为14.84%和2.39%,实现了较高的识别精度。

关键词：遥感 GF-6号卫星自动阈值改进的CDAG算法云检测

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由超拍电子伏特加速器产生的超高能伽马射线气泡

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science Bulletin 2024年第4期69卷 449-457页

作者： LHAASO Collaboration Zhen Cao Chuandong Gao Cong Li Ruo-Yu Liu Ruizhi Yang 不详 Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophyics&Experimental physics Division&Computing Center Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China university of Chinese Academy of sciences Beijing 100049China TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center ChengduChina Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary science Shandong UniversityQingdao 266237China School of Astronomy and Space science Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China university of science and Technology of {2. Hefei 230026China

We report the detection of aγ-ray bubble spanning at least 100deg2.in ultra-high energy(UHE)up to a few PeV in the direction of the star-forming region Cygnus X,implying the presence super PeVatron(s)accelerating protons to at least 10 PeV.A log-parabola form with the photon indexΓ(E)=(2.71±0.02.+(0.11±0.02.×log10(E/10 TeV)is found fitting the gamma-ray energy spectrum of the bubble *** sources,“hot spots”correlated with very massive molecular clouds,and a quasi-spherical amorphousγ-ray emitter with a sharp central brightening are observed in the *** the core of~0.5°,spatially associating with a region containing massive OB association(Cygnus OB2.and a microquasar(Cygnus X-3),as well as previously reported multi-TeV sources,an enhanced concentration of UHEγ-rays is observed with 2.photons at energies above 1 *** general feature of the bubble,the morphology,and the energy spectrum,are reasonably reproduced by the assumption of a particle accelerator in the core,continuously injecting protons into the ambient medium.

关键词： Cosmic rays γ-rays Interstellar medium Star cluster

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Design and mechanism insight on SiC quantum dots sensitized inverse opal TiO_(2. with superior photocatalytic activities under sunlight

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Frontiers of Chemical science and engineering 2023年第12期17卷 1913-1924页

作者： Yingchao He Qiong Sun Likun Sun Zhixing Gan Liyan Yu Lifeng dong college of Materials science and {2. Qingdao University of Science and TechnologyQingdao 266042China Center for Future Optoelectronic Functional Materials School of Computer and Electronic InformationNanjing Normal UniversityNanjing 210023China department of physics Hamline UniversitySt.PaulMN 55104USA

The combination of SiC quantum dots sensitized inverse opal TiO_(2. photocatalyst is designed in this work and then applied in wastewater purification under simulated *** various spectroscopic techniques,it is found that electrons transfer directionally from SiC quantum dots to inverse opal TiO_(2.,and the energy difference between their conduction/valence bands can reduce the recombination rate of photogenerated carriers and provide a pathway with low interfacial resistance for charge transfer inside the *** a result,a typical type-II mechanism is proved to dominate the photoinduced charge transfer ***,the composite achieves excellent photocatalytic performances(the highest apparent kinetic constant of 0.037 min^(-1)),which is 6.2.times(0.006 min^(-1))and 2.1 times(0.018 min^(-1))of the bare inverse opal TiO_(2. and commercial P2. ***,the stability and non-toxicity of SiC quantum dots sensitized inverse opal TiO_(2. composite enables it with great potential in practical photocatalytic applications.

关键词： inverse opal TiO_(2. silicon carbide quantum dots quantum dot sensitized photocatalyst type-II charge transfer route

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Tectonic activity and earthquake risk in the Chengnanhe fault zone in Weihai city,shandong province,china,obtained by using an integrated prospecting technique in geo{2. and geology

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Earthquake science 2021年第2期34卷 137-147页

作者： Gui-lin Du Lian-Feng Zhao Xiaobo Tian Shujuan Su Xiangchun Chang Hualin wang Zhuqing Huo Tao Zhu Yonghua Li college of Earth science and {2. Shandong University of Science and TechnologyQingdao 266590China Weihai Earthquake Monitoring Center Weihai 264200China Key Laboratory of Earth and Planetary physics Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Mohe Observatory of Geophysics Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China State Key Laboratory of Lithosphere Evolution Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Innovation Academy for Earth sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Yantai Earthquake Monitoring Center Station Shandong Earthquake AgencyYantai 264000China shandong Institute of Earthquake engineering Ji'nan 250014China Jiangsu Earthquake Agency Nanjing 210014China Institute of Geophysics China Earthquake AdministrationBeijing 100081China

For city planning and reducing potential earthquake risk,it’s necessary to detect the information of the buried faults in an urban area especially,including the location and *** integrated technique with geophysical and geological methods,including the shallow seismic reflection profile,electrical resistivity measurement,geologic borehole section,and exploration trench,was used to detect the Chengnanhe fault,which is one of the two main faults passing through the Weihai urban area in shandong province,*** results show that it is a normal fault striking with E-W direction,and it is relatively inactive and *** using the thermoluminescence(TL)dating,we found that the Chengnanhe fault initiated in mid-Pleistocene and there was no offset after late *** an integrated technique with multiple geological and geophysical methods provides a significant assessment of earthquake risk for city planning in urban areas.

关键词： Chengnanhe fault geologic drilling thermoluminescence(TL)dating shallow seismic profile electrical resistivity measurement.

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Invasive Spartina alterniflora accelerates the increase in microbial nitrogen fixation over nitrogen removal in coastal wetlands of china

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Eco-Environment & Health 2023年第3期2卷 184-192页

作者： Shuntao Chen Dengzhou Gao Xiaofei Li Yuhui Niu Cheng Liu dongyao Sun Yanling Zheng Hongpo dong Xia Liang Guoyu Yin Xianbiao lin Min Liu Lijun Hou State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research East China Normal UniversityShanghai 200241China Key Laboratory of Geographic information science of the Ministry of Education College of Geographical SciencesEast China Normal UniversityShanghai 200241China shandong Key Laboratory of Eco-Environmental science for the Yellow River Delta Binzhou UniversityBinzhou 256600China School of Geography science and Geomatics engineering Suzhou University of Science and TechnologySuzhou 215009China Frontiers science Center for Deep ocean Multispheres and Earth System and Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and TechnologyMinistry of EducationOcean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China

Salt marsh plants play a vital role in mediating nitrogen(N)biogeochemical cycle in estuarine and coastal ***,the effects of invasive Spartina alterniflora on N fixation and removal,as well as how these two processes balance to determine the N budget,remain ***,simultaneous quantifications of N fixation and removal via^(15)N tracing experiment with native Phragmites australis,invasive ***,and bare flats as well as corresponding functional gene abundance by qPCR were carried out to explore the response of N dynamics to *** *** results showed that N fixation and removal rates ranged from 0.77±0.08 to 16.12.1.13 nmol/(g·h)and from 1.42.0.14 to 16.35±1.10 nmol/(g·h),respectively,and invasive *** generally facilitated the two processes *** on the difference between N removal and fixation rates,net N_(2.fluxes were estimated in the range of-0.39±0.14 to 8.2.±2.2. nmol/(g·h).Estimated net N_(2.fluxes in *** stands were lower than those in bare flats and *** stands,indicating that the increase in N removal caused by *** invasion may be more than offset by N fixation *** forest analysis revealed that functional microorganisms were the most important factor associated with the corresponding N transformation ***,our results highlight the importance of N fixation in evaluating N budget of estuarine and coastal wetlands,providing valuable insights into the ecological effect of *** invasion.

关键词： Salt marsh plant N removal N fixation N budget Estuarine and coastal ecosystems

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Lossless embedding: A visually meaningful image encryption algorithm based on hyperchaos and compressive sensing

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Chinese physics B 2023年第2期32卷 136-149页

作者：王兴元王哓丽滕琳蒋东华咸永锦 School of information science and Technology Dalian Maritime UniversityDalian 116026China Guangxi Key Laboratory of Multi-source information Mining&Security Guangxi Normal UniversityGuilin 541004China School of Computer science and engineering Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 511400China School of Cyber Security Qilu University of Technology(Shandong Academy of Sciences)Jinan 250353China

A novel visually meaningful image encryption algorithm is proposed based on a hyperchaotic system and compressive sensing(CS), which aims to improve the visual security of steganographic image and decrypted quality. First, a dynamic spiral block scrambling is designed to encrypt the sparse matrix generated by performing discrete wavelet transform(DWT)on the plain image. Then, the encrypted image is compressed and quantified to obtain the noise-like cipher image. Then the cipher image is embedded into the alpha channel of the carrier image in portable network graphics(PNG) format to generate the visually meaningful steganographic image. In our scheme, the hyperchaotic Lorenz system controlled by the hash value of plain image is utilized to construct the scrambling matrix, the measurement matrix and the embedding matrix to achieve higher security. In addition, compared with other existing encryption algorithms, the proposed PNG-based embedding method can blindly extract the cipher image, thus effectively reducing the transmission cost and storage space. Finally, the experimental results indicate that the proposed encryption algorithm has very high visual security.

关键词： chaotic image encryption compressive sensing meaningful cipher image portable network graphics image encryption algorithm

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Ultrasonic assisted dyeing:Dyeing of wool fabrics as Dioscorea Cirrhosa Lour. a natural dye

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科技信息 2013年第7期 276-277页

作者： ZHANG Gang-qiang ZHU Ping LIU Jie LV Ping-ping dong Zhao-hong ZHANG lin qingdao university Qingdao Shandong266071 China Wuhan Textile university Wuhan Hubei430073China

The use of Dioscorea cirrhosa *** the dyeing of leather and silk have been some 2.00 years in china as the natural *** ultrasound has been explored in the textile *** article aimed at researching the ultrasonic efficiency for dyeing wool fabric with Dioscorea cirrhosa *** in comparison with conventional *** get a significant improvement in the color strength values(K/S) at the same *** fastness and extent properties of the fabrics treated by ultrasonic were better than those obtained when treated by conventional heating.

关键词：英语学习学习方法阅读知识阅读材料

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Ag-catalyzed GaSb nanowires for flexible near-infrared photodetectors

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Journal of Semiconductors 2022年第11期43卷 29-37页

作者： Zixu Sa Fengjing Liu dong Liu Mingxu wang Jie Zhang Yanxue Yin Zhiyong Pang Xinming Zhuang Peng wang Zaixing Yang School of physics School of MicroelectronicsState Key Laboratory of Crystal MaterialsShandong UniversityJinan 250100China college of Electronic and information {2. Shandong University of Science and TechnologyQingdao 266590China

High-quality narrow bandgap semiconductors nanowires(NWs)challenge the flexible near-infrared(NIR)photodetectors in next-generation imaging,data communication,environmental monitoring,and bioimaging *** this work,complementary metal oxide semiconductor-compatible metal of Ag is deposited on glass as the growth catalyst for the surfactantassisted chemical vapor deposition of GaSb *** uniform morphology,balance stoichiometry,high-quality crystallinity,and phase purity of as-prepared NWs are checked by scanning electron microscopy,energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy,high-resolution transmission electron microscopy,and X-ray *** electrical properties of as-prepared NWs are studied by constructing back-gated field-effect-transistors,displaying a high I_(on)/I_(off) ratio of 10^(4) and high peak hole mobility of 400 cm^(2./(V·s).Benefiting from the excellent electrical and mechanical flexibility properties,the as-fabricated NW flexible NIR photodetector exhibits high sensitivity and excellent photoresponse,with responsivity as high as 618 A/W and detectivity as high as 6.7×10^(10) ***,there is no obvious decline in NIR photodetection behavior,even after parallel and perpendicular folding with 12.0 cycles.

关键词： near-infrared photodetector flexible GaSb nanowires CMOS-compatible catalyst

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