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Ballistic design and testing of a composite armour reinforced by CNTs suitable for armoured vehicles

Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第2期32卷 173-195页

作者： Evangelos ch.Tsirogiannis Evangelos Daskalakis Mohamed h.hassan Abdalla M.Omar Paulo Bartolo EODh SA Research and Development DepartmentLakkoma Chalkidikis63080Greece School of Mechanical Aerospace and Civil EngineeringUniversity of ManchesterManchesterM139PLUK Singapore Centre for 3D Printing School of Mechanical and Aerospace EngineeringNanyang Technological University639798Singapore

This paper is investigating the use of composite armour reinforced by nanomaterials, for the protection of light armoured(LAV) and medium armoured military vehicles(MAV), and the interaction between the composite materials and high-performance ballistic projectiles. Four armour materials, consisted of front hybrid fibre reinforced polymer cover layer, ceramic strike-face, fibre reinforced polymer intermediate layer and the metal matrix composite reinforced backplate, were manufactured and assembled by adhesive technology. The proposed laminated protection system is suitable for armoured ground vehicles;however, it could be used as armour on ground, air and naval platforms. The design of the protection system, including material selection and thickness, was elaborated depending on the performance requirements of Level 4 + STANAG 4569 military standard(projectile 14.5 mm × 114 mm API B32) and especially on a design philosophy which is analysed with the specifications. The backplate of this new composite is a hybrid material of Metal Matrix Composite(MMC) reinforced with carbon nanotubes(CNTs), manufactured with the use of powder metallurgy technique. The composite backplate material was morphologically, mechanically and chemically analysed. Results show that all plates are presenting high mechanical properties and ballistic characteristics, compared to commonly used armour plates. Real military ballistic tests according to AEP-STANAG 4569 were carried out for the total composite armour systems. After the ballistic tests, AA2024-CNT3 showed the best protection results, compared with the other plates(AA2024-CNT1 and AA2024-CNT2), with the projectile being unable to fully penetrate the composite plate.

关键词： Passive armour protection Protective armour Ballistic performance hybrid composites Vehicle protection

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APPROXIMATION PROBLEMS ON ThE SMOOThNESS CLASSES

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Acta Mathematica Scientia 2024年第5期44卷 1721-1734页

作者： Yongping LIU man LU School of Mathematical Sciences Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing100875China

This paper investigates the relative Kolmogorov n-widths of 2π-periodic smooth classes in■.We estimate the relative widths of■and its generalized class K_(p)■(P_(r)),where K_(p)h^(ω)(Pr)is defined by a self-conjugate differential operator P_(r)(D)induced by■Also,the modulus of continuity of the r-th derivative,or r-th self-conjugate differential,does not exceed a given modulus of continuityω.Then we obtain the asymptotic results,especially for the case p=∞,1≤q≤∞.

关键词： relative width self-conjugate differential operator asymptotic estimate

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Ferroptosis inhibitors reduce celastrol toxicity and preserve its insulin sensitizing effects in insulin resistant hepG2 cells

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第3期22卷 286-294页

作者： Jia-jia Liu Xue Zhang Bang-lan Cai man-man Qi Yong-bin chi Bin Peng Deng-hai Zhang School of Medicine Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China Shanghai health Commission Key Lab of Artificial Intelligence-Based management of Inflammation and chronic Diseases Shanghai Pudong Gongli HospitalSecondary Military Medical UniversityShanghai 200135China School of Basic Medicine Ningxia Medical UniversityYinchuan 750004Ningxia Hui Autonomous RegionChina

Objective:Research has shown that celastrol can effectively treat a variety of diseases,yet when passing a certain dosage threshold,celastrol becomes toxic,causing complications such as liver and kidney damage and erythrocytopenia,among *** this dichotomy in mind,it is extremely important to find ways to preserve celastrol’s efficacy while reducing or preventing its ***:In this study,insulin-resistant hep G2(IR-hep G2)cells were prepared using palmitic acid and used for in vitro ***-hep G2 cells were treated with celastrol alone or in combination with Nacetylcysteine(NAC)or ferrostatin-1(Fer-1)for 12,24 or 48 h,at a range of *** counting kit-8assay,Western blotting,quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction,glucose consumption assessment,and flow cytometry were performed to measure celastrol’s cytotoxicity and whether the cell death was linked to ***:Celastrol treatment increased lipid oxidation and decreased expression of anti-ferroptosis proteins in IR-hep G2 *** downregulated glutathione peroxidase 4(GPX4)m *** docking models predicted that solute carrier family 7 member 11(SLC7A11)and GPX4 were covalently bound by ***,we found for the first time that the application of ferroptosis inhibitors(especially NAC)was able to reduce celastrol’s toxicity while preserving its ability to improve insulin sensitivity in IR-hep G2 ***:One potential mechanism of celastrol’s cytotoxicity is the induction of ferroptosis,which can be alleviated by treatment with ferroptosis *** findings provide a new strategy to block celastrol’s toxicity while preserving its therapeutic effects.

关键词： Celastrol Insulin resistance Ferroptosis N-Acetylcysteine Palmitic acid Molecular docking

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An AI-empowered indoor digital contact tracing system for COVID-19 outbreaks in residential care homes

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2024年第2期9卷 474-482页

作者： Jiahui Meng Justina Yat Wa Liu Lin Yang man Sing Wong hilda Tsang Boyu Yu Jincheng Yu Freddy man-hin Lam Daihai he Lei Yang Yan Li Gilman Kit-hang Siu Stefanos Tyrovolas Yao Jie Xie David man David h.K.Shum School of Nursing The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Electronic and Information Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Research Centre of Textiles for Future Fashion The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Department of Land Surveying and Geo-Informatics The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Department of Applied Mathematics The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina The Jockey Club School of Public health and Primary Care The Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Department of Rehabilitation Sciences The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Department of Computing The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Department of health Technology and Informatics The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Department of Nutrition and Food Studies George Mason UniversityUSA Tung Wah College Hong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Mental health Research Centre The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina

An AI-empowered indoor digital contact-tracing system was developed using a centralized architecture and advanced low-energy Bluetooth technologies for indoor positioning,with careful preservation of privacy and data *** analyzed the contact pattern data from two Rchs and investigated a COVID-19 outbreak in one study *** evaluate the effectiveness of the system in containing outbreaks with minimal contacts under quarantine,a simulation study was conducted to compare the impact of different quarantine strategies on outbreak containment within *** significant difference in contact hours between weekdays and weekends was observed for some pairs of Rch residents and staff during the two-week data collection *** significant difference between secondary cases and uninfected contacts was observed in a COVID-19 outbreak in terms of their demographics and contact *** results based on the collected contact data indicated that a threshold of accumulative contact hours one or two days prior to diagnosis of the index case could dramatically increase the efficiency of outbreak containment within Rchs by targeted isolation of the close *** study demonstrated the feasibility and efficiency of employing an AI-empowered system in indoor digital contact tracing of outbreaks in Rchs in the post-pandemic era.

关键词： COVID-19 Indoor contact tracing Contact pattern Outbreak containment Artificial intelligence

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Rational design of F,N-rich artificial interphase via chemical prelithiation initiation strategy enabling high coulombic efficiency and stable micro-sized SiO anodes

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Journal of Energy chemistry 2024年第5期92卷 224-232页

作者： Quanyan man hengtao Shen chuanliang Wei Baojuan Xi Shenglin Xiong Jinkui Feng Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials(Ministry of Education) School of Materials Science and EngineeringShandong UniversityJinan 250061ShandongChina School of chemistry and chemical Engineering Shandong UniversityJinan 250100ShandongChina

Silicon monoxide(SiO)is regarded as a potential candidate for anode materials of lithium-ion batteries(LIBs).Unfortunately,the application of SiO is limited by poor initial Coulombic efficiency(ICE)and unsteady solid electrolyte interface(SEI),which induce low energy,short cycling life,and poor rate *** address these drawbacks of SiO,we achieve in-situ construction of robust and fast-ion conducting F,N-rich SEI layer on prelithiated micro-sized SiO(P-μSiO)via the simple and continuous treatment ofμSiO in mild lithium 4,4′-dimethylbiphenyl solution and nonflammable hexafluorocyclotriphosphazene *** prelithiation eliminates irreversible capacity through pre-forming inactive lithium ***,the symbiotic F,N-rich SEI with good mechanical stability and fast Li^(+)permeability is conductive to relieve volume expansion ofμSiO and boost the Li+diffusion ***,the P-μSiO realizes an impressive electrochemical performance with an elevated ICE of 99.57%and a capacity retention of 90.67%after 350 ***,the full cell with P-μSiO anode and commercial LiFePO_(4) cathode displays an ICE of 92.03%and a high reversible capacity of 144.97 mA h g^(-1).This work offers a general construction strategy of robust and ionically conductive SEI for advanced LIBs.

关键词： chemical prelithiation Silicon monoxide SEI Lithium-ion batteries Interphase engineering

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Synergistic Ru/RuO_(2) heterojunctions stabilized by carbon coating as efficient and stable bifunctional electrocatalysts for acidic overall water splitting

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Nano Research 2024年第8期17卷 6931-6939页

作者： man Wu Yuying Fan Yang huang Dongxu Wang Ying Xie Aiping Wu chungui Tian Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material chemistry Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of ChinaHeilongjiang UniversityHarbin 150080China

The development of highly active and stable acidic water oxidation electrocatalysts is of great significant for promoting the industrial application of proton exchange membrane ***-based catalysts have broad application prospects in acidic water oxidation,but their limitations in stability and activity hinder their further ***,a nitrogen-doped carbon(NC)coated porous Ru/RuO_(2) heterojunctional hollow sphere(Ru/RuO_(2)/NC)is designed as high-active and stable bifunctional electrocatalyst for acidic oxygen evolution reaction(OER)and hydrogen evolution reaction(hER).In synthesis,the key is to use mesoporous polydopamine spheres as a template for forming hollow spheres,a source of NC coating and a reducing agent for forming Ru/RuO_(2) *** Ru/RuO_(2) heterojunction adjusts the electronic structure of Ru active sites,optimizing the adsorption of intermediate ***,the NC coating and the interaction between NC and Ru/RuO_(2) effectively prevent Ru from over-oxidation and *** porous hollow structure provides more exposed active sites and promotes mass ***,Ru/RuO_(2)/NC exhibits outstanding OER and hER performance with low overpotentials of 211 and 32 mV at 10 mA·cm^(−2),respectively,and shows excellent *** acid water splitting electrolyzer,based on the bifunctional Ru/RuO_(2)/NC,requires low cell voltages of 1.46 and 1.76 V at 10 and 100 mA·cm^(−2),respectively,with good stability for over 100 h operation,surpassing Pt/C||RuO_(2) and most of the reported catalysts.

关键词： hollow heterojunction bifunctional electrocatalysts oxygen evolution hydrogen evolution acidic water splitting

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Phosphine/Benzocyclone-based Neutral Nickel Catalysts for Ethylene Polymerization and Copolymerization with Polar Monomers

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chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2024年第2期42卷 202-212,I0007页

作者： Fei Wang Li Pan Vladislav A.Tuskaev Svetlana ch.Gagieva Yue-Sheng Li Tianjin Key Lab of Composite&Functional Materials School of Material Science and EngineeringTianjin UniversityTianjin300072China Department of chemistry Lomonosov Moscow State UniversityRussian Federation InstitutionLeninskie Gory 1Moscow119991Russian Federation A N Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds Russian Academy of SciencesVavilova st.28Moscow119991Russian Federation

The efficient copolymerization of olefin with polar monomers using nickel-based catalysts presents a longstanding challenge. In this contribution, three phosphine-benzocyclone ligands and corresponding neutral nickel catalysts(Ni1: Ar = Ph;Ni2: Ar = 2-(C_(6)h_(5))C_(6)h_(4);Ni3: Ar = 2-[2',6'-(Me O)_(2)-C_(6)h3]C_(6)h_(4)) were prepared and applied for the ethylene polymerization and copolymerization with polar monomers without any cocatalyst. The bulky substituent groups in complexes Ni2 and Ni3 contributed to high catalytic activities(up to 7.24×10^(6) and 9.04×10^(6)g·mol Ni^(-1)·h^(-1), respectively), and produced high-molecular-weight polyethylene(Mw up to 545.7 k Da). Complex Ni3 exhibited high activities for ethylene polymerization at the level of 10^(6) g·mol Ni^(-1)·h^(-1) across a wide range from 30 ℃ to 120 ℃, exhibiting excellent high temperature tolerance. These nickel complexes were also effectively employed in the copolymerization of ethylene with methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate and lauryl acrylate, producing copolymers with high molecular weights(Mw up to 80.5 k Da) and high polar monomer incorporation(up to 8.2 mol%). Microstructure analyses revealed that the introduction of large sterically hindered substituents facilitated the incorporation of polar functional units into the polymer backbone. This study demonstrates the potential of these nickel-based catalysts for efficient copolymerization of olefin with polar monomers.

关键词： Neutral nickel catalyst Ethylene polymerization Copolymerization Polar acrylate monomers

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Controllable nucleation and deformation of skyrmions on surface of magnetic nanotubular monolayer

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Rare Metals 2024年第7期43卷 3250-3259页

作者： Xin-Xin Zhang chen-Yu Zhang Yi-Xin Xing chao man Jiao Liu Yong hu Department of Physics College of SciencesNortheastern UniversityShenyang 110819China School of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering Universiti Sains MalaysiaEngineering Campus14300 Nibong TebalPenangMalaysia State Key Laboratory of Rolling and Automation Northeastern UniversityShenyang110819China

Magnetic skyrmions emerge when the energy of ferromagnetic exchange interaction promoting parallel alignment of spins enters in competition with energies favoring non-collinear alignment of spins such as Dzy aloshinskii-Moriya interaction(DMI),long-rang dipole-dipole interaction(DDI),or higher-order exchange *** perform an unbiased Monte Carlo simulation to study the DMI-based skyrmion nucleation and stabilization on the surface of magnetic nanotubular monolayer controlled by tuning constants of DDI(g) and next-nearest-neighbor antiferromagnetic exchange interaction(j') with appropriate *** g and j',the loosely distributed skyrmions initially nucleate on the surface of nanotube approaching to the magnetic field(h) direction with increasing h in the intermediate ***,the skyrmion size,shape,density,distribution and crystal structure,as well as its driven field range,are tailored by g and j'.This work demonstrates the skyrmion nucleation mechanisms in three-dimensional magnetic nanostructures with curvature effect and multiple interactions,serving as a benchmark for a guide to experimentalists for preparation of samples in magnetic skyrmion states.

关键词： Magnetic nanotube Magnetic skyrmion Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction Dipole-dipole interaction Monte Carlo simulation

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Coupling Sb_(2)WO_(6)microflowers and conductive polypyrrole for efficient potassium storage by enhanced conductivity and K^(+) diffusivity

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Journal of Energy chemistry 2024年第2期89卷 250-258,I0007页

作者： Ruiqi Tian hehe Zhang Zeyu Yuan Yuehua man Jianlu Sun Jianchun Bao Ming-Sheng Wang Xiaosi Zhou School of chemistry and Materials Science Nanjing Normal UniversityNanjing 210023JiangsuChina State Key Lab of Physical chemistry of Solid Surfaces College of MaterialsXiamen UniversityXiamen 361005FujianChina

Although metal oxide compounds are considered as desirable anode materials for potassium-ion batteries(PIBs)due to their high theoretical capacity,the large volume variation remains a key issue in realizing metal oxide anodes with long cycle life and excellent rate *** this study,polypyrroleencapsulated Sb_(2)WO_(6)(denoted Sb_(2)WO_(6)@PPy)microflowers are synthesized by a one-step hydrothermal method followed by in-situ polymerization and coating by *** the nanosheet-stacked Sb_(2)WO_(6)microflower structure,the improved electronic conductivity,and the architectural protection offered by the PPy coating,Sb_(2)WO_(6)@PPy exhibits boosted potassium storage properties,thereby demonstrating an outstanding rate property of 110.3 m A h g^(-1)at 5 A g^(-1)and delivering a long-period cycling stability with a reversible capacity of 197.2 m A h g^(-1)after 500 cycles at 1 A g^(-1).In addition,the conversion and alloying processes of Sb_(2)WO_(6)@PPy in PIBs with the generation of intermediates,K_(2)WO_(4)and K_(3)Sb,is determined by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,transmission electron microscopy,and exsitu X-ray diffraction during potassiation/*** functional theory calculations demonstrate that the robust coupling between PPy and Sb_(2)WO_(6)endues it with a much stronger total density of states and a built-in electric field,thereby increasing the electronic conductivity,and thus effectively reduces the K^(+)diffusion barrier.

关键词： Sb_(2)WO_(6) Polypyrrole coating Anode Potassium-ion battery In-situ TEM observation

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Novel Batch Polishing Method of Ceramic Cutting Inserts for Reducing Tool Wear

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chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2024年第4期37卷 74-83页

作者： Rui Gao chunjin Wang Yee man Loh Xiaoliang Liang chen Jiang chi Fai cheung State Key Laboratory of Ultra-precision Machining Technology Department of Industrial and Systems EngineeringThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong 999077China College of Mechanical Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai 200093China

Ceramic cutting inserts are a type of cutting tool commonly used in high-speed metal cutting ***,the wear of these inserts caused by friction between the workpiece and cutting inserts limits their overall *** order to improve the tool life and reduce wear,this study introduces an emerging method called magnetic field-assisted batch polishing(MABP)for simultaneously polishing multiple ceramic cutting *** polishing experiments were conducted under different conditions,and the wear characteristics were clarified by cutting S136h *** results showed that after 15 min of polishing,the surface roughness at the flank face,edge,and nose of the inserts was reduced to below 2.5 nm,6.25 nm,and 45.8 nm,***,the nose radii of the inserts did not change significantly,and there were no significant changes in the weight percentage of elements before and after ***,the tool life of the batch polished inserts was found to be up to 1.75 times longer than that of unpolished *** findings suggest that the MABP method is an effective way to mass polish ceramic cutting inserts,resulting in significantly reduced tool ***,this novel method offers new possibilities for polishing other tools.

关键词： Polishing Finishing Magnetic field-assisted Tool wear Ultra-precision machining

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