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Journal of Cosmetics, Dermatological Sciences and Applications 2015年第4期5卷 262-274页

作者： Gallant Kar Lun Chan Zack Chun Fai Wong Kelly Yin Ching Lam lily kwan wai cheng Laura Minglu Zhang Huangquan Lin Tina Tingxia Dong Karl Wah Keung Tsim Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine R&D The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Kowloon Hong Kong China

Edible bird’s nest (EBN;Yan Wo), or cubilose, is originated from the salivary secretion of Aerodramus fuciphagus. In Asia, EBN is famous for its unproven skin lightening function. Here, we aim to reveal the active ingredients of EBN responsible for skin lightening function. Three major fractions were isolated from EBN water extract by chromatography using LC-MS/MS, bioactivities of these isolated fractions were analyzed by assays of tyrosinase, melanocytes and 3D human skin model, from which, N-acetylneuraminic acid (NANA), the second isolated fraction showed an inhibition effect on tyrosinase activity in a dose-dependent manner. The IC50 of tyrosinase originated from mushroom and human was 16.93 mM and 0.10 mM respectively. Furthermore, only EBN with higher content of NANA (e.g. White and Red EBN), but not EBN with less NANA (e.g. Grass EBN), showed promising skin lightening function. This is the first report to reveal NANA being an active ingredient of EBN on skin lightening function.

关键词： Cubilose N-Acetylneuraminic Acid Chemical Analysis Skin Lightening Human Skin Model

Intravenous fluid selection rationales in acute clinical management

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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2018年第1期9卷 13-19页

作者： Wing Yan Shirley Cheung wai kwan Cheung Chun Ho Lam Yeuk wai Chan Hau Ching Chow Ka Lok cheng Yau Hang Wong Chak Wah Kam Accident and Emergency Department Tuen Mun Hospital

BACKGROUND: Intravenous fluid(IVF) is commonly used in acute clinical management. This study aimed to review the choice and primary considerations in IVF prescriptions and to evaluate the adequacy of guidelines and trainings on it in the New Territories West Cluster(NTWC) of Hong ***: This is a descriptive study based on data collected from an online survey. Data were processed by SPSS for statistical analysis. This study focused on a general description and doctor-nurse between group comparison. Participants were asked the choice of IVF for nine acute clinical scenarios and provide reason. A 1–10 scale was used to assess the sufficiency of guideline, training and information, and time for revision on IVF ***: 0.9% sodium chloride was the most familiar IVF(36%), followed by 5% Dextrose solution(26%). In the nine scenarios, the most chosen IVF was 0.9% sodium chloride(37%–61%). There was significant difference in the choice of IVF between doctors and nurses in 7 cases. The second most chosen IVF for doctors was Plasma-Lyte A while that for nurses was Gelofusine. Departmental practice was the most chosen reason to account for the prescription. The adequacy of guideline, information and training, and time for revision was rated 5. Doctors had significantly more time at work than nurses to update knowledge in IVF prescription(5.41 versus 4.57).CONCLUSION: 0.9% sodium chloride was mostly chosen. The choice of IVF was mainly based on departmental practice. Adequacy of guideline, information and training, and time for revision on IVF prescription were average, indicating significant training deficit.

关键词： Intravenous fluid Acute care Resuscitation

Turbulent flows over real heterogeneous urban surfaces:Wind tunnel experiments and Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes simulations

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Building Simulation 2021年第5期14卷 1345-1358页

作者： wai-Chi cheng Chun-Ho Liu Yat-Kiu Ho Ziwei Mo Zhangquan Wu Wenye Li Lilian Y.L.Chan W.K.kwan Hing Tuen Yau School of Atmospheric Sciences and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Climate Change and Natural Disaster StudiesSun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhaiChina Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai) ZhuhaiChina Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Hong KongHong KongChina Information Technology Services The University of Hong KongHong KongChina

Wind tunnel experiment and steady-state Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes(RANS)approaches are used to examine the urban boundary layer(UBL)development above Kowloon Peninsula,Hong Kong Special Administrative Region(HKSAR).The detailed urban morphology is resolved by computational fluid dynamics(CFD)and is fabricated by 3D-printing(reduced scale)for wind tunnel *** from the majority existing results based on idealized,homogeneous urban geometries,it was found that the wind and turbulence in the UBL over downtown Kowloon are characterized by the wake behind several high-rise *** particular,local maxima of turbulence kinetic energy(TKE)and shear stress are found at the roof level of those high-rise *** the downstream region where the flows are already adjusted to the urban surfaces,the urban roughness sublayer(URSL)can be further divided into two layers based on the structures of the mixing length/m,effective drag Dx and dispersive *** the lower URSL(z<100 m),lm is rather uniform,and the Reynolds stress and dispersive stress are *** the upper URSL(100 m z s 300 m),on the contrary,lm is peaked at the mid-height and the magnitude of dispersive stress is smaller than that of the Reynolds stress(<30%).The effective drag Dx is negligible in the upper URSL.

关键词： computational fluid dynamics(CFD) real urban morphology urban boundary layer(UBL) urban canopy model(UCM) wind tunnel experiments

Second malignant neoplasms in childhood cancer survivors in a tertiary paediatric oncology centre in Hong Kong, China

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Chinese Medical Journal 2011年第22期124卷 3686-3692页

作者： SUN wai-fun cheng Frankie wai-tsoi LEE Vincent LEUNGWing-kwan SHING Ming-kong YUEN Patrick Man-pan LI Chi-kong Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital Hong Kong China

Background Childhood cancer survivors were at risk of development of second malignant neoplasms. The aim of this study is to evaluate the incidence, risk factors and outcome of second malignant neoplasms in childhood cancer survivors in a tertiary paediatric oncology centre in Hong Kong, China. Methods We performed a retrospective review of patients with childhood cancer treated in Children＇s Cancer Centre in Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, China between May 1984 and June 2009. Case records of patients who developed second malignant neoplasms were reviewed. Results Totally 1374 new cases aged less than 21-year old were treated in our centre in this 25-year study period. Twelve cases developed second malignant neoplasms with 10-year and 20-year cumulative incidence of 1.3% （95% confidence interval 0.3%-2.3%） and 2.9% （95% confidence interval 1.1%-4.7%） respectively. Another 4 cases were referred to us from other centres for the management of second malignant neoplasms. In this cohort of 16 children with second malignant neoplasms, the most frequent second malignant neoplasms were acute leukemia or myelodysplastic syndrome （n--6） and central nervous system tumor （n=4）. Median interval between diagnosis of primary and second malignant neoplasms was 7.4 years （range 2.1-13.3 years）. Eight patients developed second solid tumor within the previous irradiated field. Radiotherapy significantly increased the risk of development of second solid tumor in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia （P=0.027）. Seven out of 16 patients who developed second malignant neoplasms had a family histo＇ry of cancer among the first or second-degree relatives. Nine patients died of progression of second malignant neoplasms, mainly resulted from second central nervous system tumor and osteosarcoma. Conclusions Cumulative incidence of second cancer in our centre was comparable to western countries. Radiotherapy was associated with second solid tumour among patients with acute lymphoblast

关键词： second neoplasm oncology paediatric

Proactive infection control measures to prevent nosocomial transmission of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae in a non-endemic area

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Chinese Medical Journal 2013年第23期126卷 4504-4509页

作者： cheng Vincent Chi-Chung CHAN Jasper Fuk-Woo WONG Sally Cheuk-Ying CHEN Jonathan Hon-kwan TAI Josepha wai-Ming YAN Mei-Kum kwan Grace See-wai TSE Herman TO Kelvin Kai-Wang HO Pak-Leung YUEN Kwok-Yung Department of Microbiology Queen Mary Hospital Hong KongChina Infection Control Team Queen Mary Hospital Hong Kong China

Background Identification of hospitalized carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae （CRE）-positive patient is important in preventing nosocomial *** objective of this study was to illustrate the implementation of proactive infection control measures in preventing nosocomial transmission of CRE in a healthcare region of over 3200 beds in Hong Kong between October 1,2010 and December 31,*** The program included active surveillance culture in patients with history of medical tourism with hospitalization and surgical operation outside Hong Kong within 12 months before admission,and ＂added test＂ as an opportunistic CRE screening in all fecal specimens submitted to the *** investigation and contact tracing were conducted for CRE-positive *** quantitative culture was performed on CRE-positive patients and the duration of fecal carriage of CRE was *** During the study period,a total of 6533 patients were screened for CRE,of which 76 patients were positive （10 from active surveillance culture,65 from ＂added test＂,and 1 secondary case from contact tracing of 223 patients with no nosocomial outbreak）,resulting in an overall rate of CRE fecal carriage of 1.2％.The median time of fecal carriage of CRE was 43 days （range,13-119 days）.Beta-lactam-beta-lactamase-inhibitors,cephalosporins,and fluoroquinolones were associated significantly with high fecal bacterial load when used 90 days before CRE detection,while use of cephalosporins,carbapenems,and fiuoroquinolones after CRE detection are significantly associated with longer duration of *** duration of fecal carriage of CRE also correlates significantly with the initial fecal bacterial load （Pearson correlation：0.53; P=0.02）.Conclusion Proactive infection control measures by enhanced surveillance program identify CRE-positive patients and data obtained are useful for the planning of and resource allocation for CRE control.

关键词： surveillance nosocomial transmission carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae

An unprecedented outbreak investigation for nosocomial and community-acquired legionellosis in Hong Kong

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Chinese Medical Journal 2012年第23期125卷 4283-4290页

作者： cheng Vincent Chi-chung WONG Samson Sai-yin CHEN Jonathan Hon-kwan CHAN Jasper Fuk-woo TO Kelvin Kai-wang POON Rosana Wing-shan WONG Sally Cheuk-ying CHAN Kwok-hung TAI Josepha wai-ming HO Pak-leung TSANG Thomas Ho-fai YUEN Kwok-yung Department of Microbiology Queen Mary Hospital Hong Kong China Infection Control Team Queen Mary Hospital Hong Kong China Centre for Health Protection Department of Health Hong Kong China

Background The environmental sources associated with community-acquired or nosocomial legionellosis were not always detectable in the mainland of China and Hong Kong, China. The objective of this study was to illustrate the control measures implemented for nosocomial and community outbreaks of legionellosis, and to understand the environmental distribution of legionella in the water system in Hong Kong, China. Methods We investigated the environmental sources of two cases of legionellosis acquired in the hospital and the community by extensive outbreak investigation and sampling of the potable water system using culture and genetic testing at the respective premises. Results The diagnosis of nosocomial legionellosis was suspected in a patient presenting with nosocomial pneumonia not responsive to multiple beta-lactam antibiotics with subsequent confirmation by Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1 antigenuria. High counts of Legionella pneumophila were detected in the potable water supply of the 70-year-old hospital building. Another patient on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis presenting with acute community-acquired pneumonia and severe diarrhoea was positive for Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1 by polymerase chain reaction （PCR） testing on both sputum and nasopharyngeal aspirate despite negative antigenuria. Paradoxically the source of the second case was traced to the water system of a newly commissioned office building complex. No further cases were detected after shock hyperchlorination with or without superheating of the water systems. Subsequent legionella counts were drastically reduced. Point-of-care infection control by off-boiled or sterile water for mouth care and installation of water filter for showers in the hospital wards for immunocompromised patients was instituted. Territory wide investigation of the community potable water supply showed that 22.1% of the household water supply was positive at a mean legionella count of 108.56 CFU/ml （rang

关键词： outbreak nosocomial legionellosis community-acquired legionellosis

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住院病人不做心肺復甦術212例分析

镜湖医学 2019年第2期19卷 15-18,75页

作者：李達濱洪偉君劉承章李文錦黃慧明澳門鏡湖醫院急診科中國

目的為深入開展住院病人不作心肺復甦術工作提供依據和建議。方法對本院從2017年5月1日~2018年12月31日成人住院病人不作心肺復甦術病例的一般資料、預後、主要疾病構成、家屬簽署情況及討論簽署時機等進行分析。結果本研究納入212例,... 详细信息

目的為深入開展住院病人不作心肺復甦術工作提供依據和建議。方法對本院從2017年5月1日~2018年12月31日成人住院病人不作心肺復甦術病例的一般資料、預後、主要疾病構成、家屬簽署情況及討論簽署時機等進行分析。結果本研究納入212例,平均年齡78.2歲,男女比例1:0.96。癌症末期組和非癌症末期組(其他慢性疾病終末期)各106例(各佔50%)。住院死亡132例(67.3%),隨訪180天死亡154例(78.6%),隨訪360天死亡157例(80.1%)。老年末期組惡性腫瘤68例(40.5%),非老年末期組惡性腫瘤38例(86.4%)。33例(15.6%)入院後24小時内評估簽署,56例(26.4%)入院後48小時内評估簽署。簽署至死亡時間中位數是6天,85例(40.1%)評估簽署後7日内死亡,104例(49.1%)評估簽署後14日内死亡。66%的《住院病人不作心肺復蘇術評估表》簽署不規範。結論開展住院病人不作心肺復蘇術評估以來,使部份癌症末期病人和非癌症末期病人獲益,完善相關工作可使更多病人善終。

关键词：住院病人疾病末期不作心肺復甦術

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MSV術式治療精索靜脈曲張26例分析

镜湖医学 2021年第1期21卷 35-37页

作者：鄭巍陳泰業胡峰 Satish Shrestha 關永為葉蔭霆曾紀寧澳門鏡湖醫院外科中國

目的回顧性分析本院顯微鏡下外環水平精索靜脈結紮術(microscopic subinguinal varicocelectomy,MSV)治療精索靜脈曲張患者病例,並進行相關文獻複習,進一步明確該術式的優勢。方法收集2015年1月~2018年7月收治的精索靜脈曲張患者26例,... 详细信息

目的回顧性分析本院顯微鏡下外環水平精索靜脈結紮術(microscopic subinguinal varicocelectomy,MSV)治療精索靜脈曲張患者病例,並進行相關文獻複習,進一步明確該術式的優勢。方法收集2015年1月~2018年7月收治的精索靜脈曲張患者26例,術後時間6~42個月,並進行隨訪,瞭解患者陰囊不適症狀情況,不育症以及精液異常患者術後精液品質改變的情況,結合相關文獻複習。結果所有陰囊不適患者的局部症狀均有明顯改善;不育症患者及精液異常患者術後精液品質明顯提高(其中自然受孕1例;人工輔助生殖成功1例;受孕後流產1例;2例失訪);26例患者術後發生陰囊水腫1例,無鞘膜積液、睾丸萎縮併發症發生。結論顯微鏡下外環水平精索靜脈結紮術治療精索靜脈曲張效果明顯,復發率低,併發症少,術後受孕率高,推薦為首選術式。

关键词：精索靜脈曲張陰囊不適男性不育症顯微鏡下外環水平精索靜脈結紮術