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Rill erosion and controlling factors on highway side-slopes in the permafrost region

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第11期21卷 3669-3682页

作者： LI Rui WU lilei CAO Longxi KONG Yaping CHEN guo WU Ting State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection Chengdu University of TechnologyChengdu 610059China College of Ecology and Environment Chengdu University of TechnologyChengdu 610059China China Academy of Transportation Sciences Beijing 100029China

Soil erosion on highway side-slope has been recognized as a cause of environmental damage and a potential threat to road embankments in the high-altitude permafrost *** assess the risk to roads and to protect them effectively,it is crucial to clarify the mechanisms governing roadside ***,the cold climate and extremely vulnerable environment under permafrost conditions may result in a unique process of roadside erosion,which differs from the results of current studies conducted at lower *** this study,a field survey was conducted to investigate side-slope rill erosion along the permafrost section of a highway on the Qinghai‒Tibet Plateau of *** in erosion rates have been revealed,and intense erosion risks(with an average erosion rate of 13.05 kg/m^(2)/a)have been identified on the northern side of the Tanggula *** the case of individual rills,the detailed rill morphology data indicate that the rill heads are generally close to the slope top and that erosion predominantly occurs in the upper parts of highway slopes,as they are affected by road surface *** the road segment scale,the Pearson correlation and principal component analysis results revealed that the protective effect of vegetation,which was influenced by precipitation,was greater than the erosive effect of precipitation on roadside erosion.A random forest model was then adopted to quantify the importance of influencing factors,and the slope gradient was identified as the most significant factor,with a value of ***,the integrated slope and slope length index(L0.5S2)proved to be a reliable predictor,and a comprehensive model was built for highway side-slope rill erosion prediction(model efficiency=0.802).These results could be helpful for highway side-slope conservation and ecological risk prediction in alpine permafrost areas.

关键词： Rill erosion Rill morphology Highway side-slope Permafrost region Qinghai‒Tibet Highway

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CaH2-promoted activity of Ni-carbonate interface for CO2 methanation

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 522-532页

作者： Jin-Peng Wang guo-Cui Mao Hui-Lin Jiang Bao-Xia Dong Yun-Lei Teng School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Yangzhou University

Transition metal-carbonate interfaces often act as active sites in heterogeneous catalytic *** interface between transition metal and metal carbonate exhibits a dynamic equilibrium during the CO2hydrogenation reaction,involving surface carbonate hydrogenation and ***,there have been few reports on engineering the activity of the interface between transition metal and alkaline earth metal carbonate for catalytic *** work demonstrated that the incorporation of CaH2in Ni/CaCO3enhances the CO2methanation activity of the *** CO2conversion for Ni/CaH2-CaCO3reached 68.5%at 400°C,which was much higher than that of the Ni/CaCO3（31.6%） and Ni/CaH2-CaO （42.4%） ***,the Ni/CaH2-CaCO3catalysts remained stable during the stability test for 24 h at 400°C and 8 *** research revealed that CaH2played a crucial role in promoting the activity of the Ni-carbonate interface for ***2could modify the electronic structure of Ni and tune the structural properties of CaCO3to generate medium basic sites （OH groups）,which are favorable for the activation of H2and ***-situ Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （FTIR） analysis combined with density functional theory calculations demonstrated that CO2activation occurs at the hydroxyl group （OH） on the CaH2-modified Ni-carbonate surface,leading to the formation of CO3H****,our study has confirmed that CO2methanation over the Ni/CaH2-CaCO3catalysts proceeds via the formate pathway.

关键词： Metal hydride Ni catalysts Carbonate Metal-carbonate interface

Ancient Art Retains Splendor in New Era

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China Today 2025年第1期74卷 74-75页

作者： guo QING 不详

With government support,more young people are studying Thangka art,securing its innovative *** 1,300-year-old Thangka art,religious painting on woven material,has been lauded as an illustrated encyclopedia of Tibetan *** unique artistic and cultural value earned it a place on China’s intangible cultural heritage list in *** institution tasked with preserving and developing this ancient art is the Tibet Academy of Thangka(TAT)in *** focuses on the Mansar School of Thangka *** can observe the whole process of creating a Mansar Thangka piece,from sketching to adding the final touch.

关键词： religious earned sketch

China-India: Ties that Bind

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China Today 2025年第1期74卷 59-61页

作者： guo QING 不详

From international student to professor,Tripathi Mani shares his thoughts on Chinese and Indian cultures and the beneficial exchanges between *** Vivek Mani first learned about China from bedtime stories told by his father,a Sanskrit teacher in rural Bihar,a state in east *** of the stories were about the Chinese monk Xuanzang’s adventures during his long journey to India to find Buddhist *** kindled the young boy’s interest in China and the desire to visit it one day.

关键词： India Indian desire

Sequence-activated chemiluminescence probes: programmable illumination for high-contrast in vivo sensing and imaging

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Science China Chemistry 2025年第01期 26-34页

作者： Yutao Zhang Juan Li Wei-Hong Zhu Zhiqian guo Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Institute of Fine Chemicals School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China University of Science and Technology State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering Shanghai Frontier Science Research Base of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell MetabolismEast China University of Science & Technology

Sequence-activated chemiluminescence(CL) technique offers a unique approach to detecting specific biomolecules or cellular events with high sensitivity and spatial resolution. The fundamental principle behind sequence-activated CL probes involves tailoring highly-controllable CL signals in response to specific sequences or events of interest, thus enabling high-contrast signals under complex physiological conditions. This sequential activation could be triggered by enzymes, reactive oxygen species(ROS), biothiols or changes in the microenvironment. These unique sequence-activated CL probes bestow several advantages, including minimal background, deep-tissue penetration, and the ability of non-invasive or minimally invasive detection. The sequence-activated CL techniques represent a significant advancement in molecular imaging and diagnostics. In this mini-review, we focus on the latest developments in sequential CL probes, addressing the technical challenges and discussing the future trajectory by harnessing CL signaling and molecular recognition.

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The complex effects of miR-146a in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1309-1323页

作者： Yunfan Long Jiajia Liu Yu Wang Haidong guo guohong Cui Department of Neurology Shanghai No.9 People’s HospitalShanghai Jiaotong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina Academy of Integrative Medicine Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina School of Integrative Medicine Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina Department of Neurology Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina

Alzheimer's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by cognitive dysfunction and behavioral *** plaques formed through the extracellular deposition of amyloid-βproteins,as well as neurofibrillary tangles formed by the intracellular deposition of hyperphosphorylated tau proteins,comprise two typical pathological features of Alzheimer's *** symptomatic treatment,there are no effective therapies for delaying Alzheimer's disease ***(miR)are small,non-coding RNAs that negatively regulate gene expression at the transcriptional and translational levels and play important roles in multiple physiological and pathological ***,miR-146a,a NF-κB-regulated gene,has been extensively implicated in the development of Alzheimer's disease through several *** has demonstrated substantial dysregulation of miR-146a both during the initial phases and throughout the progression of this *** R-146a is believed to reduce amyloid-βdeposition and tau protein hyperphosphorylation through the TLR/IRAK1/TRAF6 pathway;however,there is also evidence supporting that it can promote these processes through many other pathways,thus exacerbating the pathological manifestations of Alzheimer's *** has been widely reported that miR-146a mediates synaptic dysfunction,mitochondrial dysfunction,and neuronal death by targeting m RNAs encoding synapticrelated proteins,mitochondrial-related proteins,and membrane proteins,as well as other *** the impact on glial cells,miR-146a also exhibits differential *** one hand,it causes widespread and sustained inflammation through certain pathways,while on the other hand,it can reverse the polarization of astrocytes and microglia,alleviate neuroinflammation,and promote oligodendrocyte progenitor cell differentiation,thus maintaining the normal function of the myelin sheath and exerting a protective effect on *** this review,we provide a

关键词： Alzheimer's disease amyloid-β glial cells microRNAs miR-146a neuroinflammatory

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Copper/Photoredox-Catalyzed Regioselective 1,4-Addition to 1,3-Enynes: A Convenient Access to Perfluoroalkylated Allenes

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2024年第17期42卷 2023-2028页

作者： Ya Chen Quanyuan Wang Keyi Peng lilei Cheng Ziyi She guo-Jun Deng Key Laboratory for Green Organic Synthesis and Application of Hunan Province Key Laboratory of EnvironmentallyFriendly Chemistry andApplication of Ministryof EducationCollege of ChemistryXiangtan UniversityXiangtanHunan 411105China Department School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Henan Normal UniversityXinxiangHenan 453007China

A general and broadly applicable copper and photoredox dual-catalyzed multicomponent 1,4-perfluoroalkylcyanation of 1,3-enynes has been *** protocol enjoys success with high regioselectivity,mild reaction conditions,and excellent functional-group tolerance,allowing the facile synthesis of structurally diverse perfluoroalkylated allenes from readily available fluoroalkyl halides,1,3-enynes and TMscN in a one-pot manner.A reasonable mechanism has been proposed according to a series of control experiments.

关键词： Fluorinated allenes 1,3-Enynes Photoredox Fluoroalkylation Multicomponent reactions Difunctionalization Radicals Regioselectivity

Buried interface bridging for inverted cesium-formamidinium triiodide perovskite solar cells with long operational stability

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Science China Chemistry 2025年第01期 163-173页

作者： Chenhui Zhang Chunjun Liang Fulin Sun Ting Zhu Xinghai Huang Yuzhu guo Xinyu guo Kunyang Ge Dan Li Fangtian You Zhiqun He Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information Ministry of Education Institute of Optoelectronic TechnologyBeijing Jiaotong University Department of Physics School of Physical Science and Engineering Beijing Jiaotong University

In the field of perovskite solar cells(PSCs), the research on defects in the buried interface has been relatively limited due to its non-exposure; however, this interface significantly impacts the performance enhancement of inverted PSCs. This study employs phenylethylammonium chloride(PEACl) molecules as a buffer layer to modify the buried interface of p-i-n structured PSCs,aiming to enhance the uniformity of self-assembled monolayers(SAMs) and facilitate the uniform nucleation and growth of perovskite films on the substrate. Furthermore, the introduction of the PEACl buffer layer effectively passivates defects at the bottom of the perovskite layer and notably enhances the crystal quality of the perovskite film by mitigating residual stress,thereby reducing nonradiative recombination loss. Following these optimizations, the MA-free PSCs treated with PEACl achieve a power conversion efficiency(PCE) of 24.11%, with significant improvements in storage, thermal stability, and operational stability. Particularly noteworthy is the device's performance in an unencapsulated state, whereas after 1,500 hours of continuous light operation stability testing, it retains 97% of its original efficiency. This study not only enriches the systematic understanding of the characteristics of the buried interface in PSCs but also contributes significantly to advancing the commercial production of perovskite photovoltaic technology.

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Defect Engineering with Rational Dopants Modulation for High-Temperature Energy Harvesting in Lead-Free Piezoceramics

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NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2025年第1期17卷 1-15页

作者： Xi, Kaibiao guo, Jianzhe Zheng, Mupeng Zhu, Mankang Hou, Yudong Beijing Univ Technol Coll Mat Sci & Engn Key Lab Adv Funct Mat Minist Educ Beijing 100124 Peoples R China

High temperature piezoelectric energy harvester (HT-PEH) is an important solution to replace chemical battery to achieve independent power supply of HT wireless sensors. However, simultaneously excellent performances, including high figure of merit (FOM), insulation resistivity (rho) and depolarization temperature (T-d) are indispensable but hard to achieve in lead-free piezoceramics, especially operating at 250 degrees C has not been reported before. Herein, well-balanced performances are achieved in BiFeO3-BaTiO3 ceramics via innovative defect engineering with respect to delicate manganese doping. Due to the synergistic effect of enhancing electrostrictive coefficient by polarization configuration optimization, regulating iron ion oxidation state by high valence manganese ion and stabilizing domain orientation by defect dipole, comprehensive excellent electrical performances (T-d = 340 degrees C, rho(250) (degrees C) > 10(7) Omega cm and FOM2(50 degrees C) = 4905 x 10(-15 )m(2) N-1) are realized at the solid solubility limit of manganese ions. The HT-PEHs assembled using the rationally designed piezoceramic can allow for fast charging of commercial electrolytic capacitor at 250 degrees C with high energy conversion efficiency (eta = 11.43%). These characteristics demonstrate that defect engineering tailored BF-BT can satisfy high-end HT-PEHs requirements, paving a new way in developing self-powered wireless sensors working in HT environments.

关键词： Lead-free piezoceramic Defect engineering Dopants modulation High-temperature Piezoelectric energy harvester