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Prevalence of Iron Deficiency and Iron Deficiency Anemia in Infants and Children and Treatment with Microencapsulated Iron II Fumarate and Supplied Ascorbic Acid as “Sprinkles”

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Pharmacology & Pharmacy 2014年第7期5卷 716-724页

作者： Abdullah al-Mamari Mohammad A. al-Hegami Sadeq al-Hag Mahmoud al-Buryhi Safa al-Amawi Leena Ahmed lila al-awadi Sarah al-Jamal Wafa Mohammad Yasmin Mohammad Department of Biological Sciences Faculty of Science IBB University Ibb Yemen Department of Pharmaceutics Faculty of Pharmacy Sana’a University Sana’a Yemen Science Department (Biology) Faculty of Education Sana’a University Sana’a Yemen

Background: Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) in children and infants is a common nutritional problem all over the world. Infants and young children have a high risk for developing iron deficiency (ID) because they have high demand for iron during the period of rapid growth. This is aggravated by the insufficiency of iron in their diet. Iron supplementation programs using pediatric tablets or drops have not been successful in the control of anemia amongst infants and children in some countries. “Sprinkles” is an innovative multi-micronutrient home fortification strategy to control iron deficiency and anemia to be more useful. Objective: The objective was to estimate the prevalence ID and IDA in infants and children in Ibb City, Yemen Republic;evaluate the use of a new form of iron and determine the hematologic response to different doses and forms of iron in Sprinkles and iron drops. Design: Using a prospective, randomized, controlled design, we studied 337 randomly children aged 24 - 48 months and infants aged 6 - 24 months in Ibb City (hemoglobin: 70 - 99 g/L). One group received a daily sachet of microencapsulated ferrous fumarate (80 mg elemental Fe) in powder form plus ascorbic acid to be sprinkled onto any complementary food eaten (sprinkles group);a control group received ferrous sulfate drops 3 times/d for 2 months (total dose: 40 mg elemental Fe). Hemoglobin and serum ferritin concentrations were measured at baseline and at the end of treatment. Results: Successful treatment of anemia (hemoglobin > 100 g/L) occurred in 58% of the sprinkles group and in 56% of the drops group, with minimal side effects in both groups. Geometric mean ferritin concentrations increased significantly in each group from baseline to the end of treatment (P Conclusion: Use of ferrous sulfate drops or a single daily dose of microencapsulated ferrous fumarate sprinkles plus ascorbicacid resulted in a similar rate of successful treatment of anemia without side effects. To our knowledge, th

关键词： Infants Children Anemia Microencapsulated Iron Ascorbic Acid

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Application of engineered compressible inclusions to mitigating soilstructure interaction issues in integral bridge abutments

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2023年第8期15卷 2132-2146页

作者： lila Dhar Sigdel Minghao Lu Ahmed al-qarawi Chin Jian Leo Samanthika Liyanapathirana Pan Hu School of Engineering Design and Built EnvironmentWestern Sydney UniversityKingswoodNSW2747Australia Higher College of Technology Abu DhabiUnited Arab Emirates

The thermally induced cyclic loading on integral bridge abutments causes soil deformation and lateral stress ratcheting behind the abutment wall due to the expansion and contraction of the bridge *** forward and backward movements of the abutment in response to the expansion/contraction of the bridge deck lead to the formation of settlement trough and surface heaving,frequently creating a bump at the bridge approach and increasing the lateral earth pressure behind the *** to reduce the bump at the bridge approach,including several treatment methods,such as compaction of selected backfill materials,grout injection,installation of approach slab,and using a layer of compressible inclusion material behind the abutment were ***,these guidelines still lack sufficient design details and there are limited experimental findings to validate design *** this paper,the use of engineered compressible materials to alleviate the lateral earth pressure ratcheting and settlement at the bridge approach is *** comparative study is presented for the soil-inclusion,material-structure and soil-structure interactions for an integral bridge under three different backfill conditions,i.e.(a)sand,(b)sand and EPS geofoam,and(c)sand and Infinergy®.The study was conducted in a special large-scale test chamber with a semi-scale abutment to gain better insights into the soil-structure interaction(SSI).The kinematics and rearrangement of the soil during the cyclic loading have been investigated to identify the mitigating effects of compressible *** comparative study indicates that both compressible inclusions perform comparatively well,however,Infinergy®is a better alternative than the medium-density EPS geofoam,as it works more effectively to reduce the backfill settlement and heaving as well as soil ratcheting effects under cyclic translational movement.

关键词： Integral bridge Cyclic loading Stress ratcheting Settlement bump Earth pressure distribution Soil-structure interaction(SSI)

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The functional role of miRNAs in colorectal cancer: insights from a large population-based study

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2019年第2期16卷 211-219页

作者： lila E.Mullany Martha L.Slattery Department of Internal Medicine University of Utah

Identification of causal microRNAs(miRNAs) in colorectal cancer(CRC) is elusive, due to our lack of understanding of how specific miRNAs affect biological pathways and outcomes. An miRNA can regulate many mRNAs and an mRNA can be associated with many miRNAs;appreciation of these complex networks in which miRNAs operate is necessary to transition from identifying dysregulated miRNAs to identifying individual miRNAs or groups of miRNAs that are suitable for therapeutic purposes. The aim of the paper is to compile results from a population-based study(n = 1,954 cases with matched carcinoma/normal tissue) of miRNAs in CRC. The information gained allows for cohesive and comprehensive insight into miRNAs and CRC in terms of function and impact. Comparison of miRNA expression with mRNA expression from nine signaling pathways in carcinogenic processes allowed us to identify miRNA targets within a biological context. MiRNAs that directly influence mRNA expression may be effective biomarkers or therapeutic targets.

关键词： mRNA miRNA pathways colorectal cancer

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Abaca Fiber as a Potential Reinforcer for Acoustic Absorption Material at Middle-High Frequencies

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2024年第5期12卷 909-921页

作者： Susilo Indrawati lila Yuwana Suyatno Mochamad Zainuri Darminto Department of Physics Faculty of Science and Data AnalyticsInstitut Teknologi Sepuluh NopemberSurabaya60111Indonesia

Recently,abacaﬁbers have become the focus of specialized research due to their intriguing characteristics,with their outstanding mechanical properties being a particularly *** the conducted study,the abacaﬁbers underwent a preliminary treatment process involving an alkaline solution,which was composed of 0.5%sodium hydroxide(NaOH)and 50%acetic acid(CH3COOH).This process entailed immersing eachﬁber in the solution for a period of one *** treatment led to a 52.36%reduction in lignin content compared to the levels before treatment,resulting in a dramatic decrease in the full width at half maximum(FWHM)in the XRD spectra from 1.13 to *** change indicates that theﬁbers became more crystalline following the *** abacaﬁbers were also characterized using BET(Brunauer Emmett Teller)measurements,which revealed that the aver-age pore length ranged from 33–49 nm and the surface area was between 13–28 m^(2)·g^(-1).The morphology of the abacaﬁber after alkali an hydrolisis treatment(AFAH)appeared rougher and more *** measurements revealed a signiﬁcant rise in the storage modulus of the singleﬁber post-treatment,with dependencies on both frequency and *** exhibited an optimal absorption coefﬁcient ofα=0.9 for frequencies above 2500 *** combined effect of alkalization and hydrolyzation treatments,while resulting in an enhancement in the mechanical properties of theﬁbers,also reduced high-intensity noise produced by sources such as machin-ery,aircraft takeoffs and landings,etc.,across a broader working frequency range.

关键词： Abacaﬁber alkalization mechanical property acoustic characteristics middle frequency

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alzheimer’s disease risk after COVID-19:a view from the perspective of the infectious hypothesis of neurodegeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第7期18卷 1404-1410页

作者： Eugenia Olivera albany Sáez lila Carniglia Carla Caruso Mercedes Lasaga Daniela Durand Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas INBIOMED UBA-CONICET Facultad de MedicinaUniversidad de Buenos AiresArgentina

In light of the rising evidence of the association between viral and bacterial infections and neurodegeneration,we aimed at revisiting the infectious hypothesis of alzheimer’s disease and analyzing the possible implications of COVID-19 neurological sequelae in long-term *** wondered how SARS-CoV-2 could be related to the amyloid-βcascade and how it could lead to the pathological hallmarks of the *** also predict a paradigm change in clinical medicine,which now has a great opportunity to conduct prospective surveillance of cognitive sequelae and progression to dementia in people who suffered severe infections together with other risk factors for alzheimer’s disease.

关键词： alzheimer amyloid beta antimicrobial cognitive decline COVID-19 infectious hypothesis long-term sequelae neurodegeneration neuroinflammation neurological symptoms neurotropism SARS-CoV-2

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Antihydatic and immunomodulatory effects of Punica granatum peel aqueous extract in a murine model of echinococcosis

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2016年第3期9卷 208-216页

作者： Moussa Labsi lila Khelifi Dalila Mezioug Imene Soufli Chafia Touil-Boukoffa Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology Department of BiologyUniversity of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumediene

Objective: To investigate the effect of pomegranate peel aqueous extract (PGE) on the development of secondary experimental echinococcosis and on the viability of Echinococcus granulosus protoscoleces, and the immunomodulatory properties of PGE. Methods: Swiss mice were inoculated intraperitoneally with viable protoscoleces. Then, PGE was orally administered daily during cystic echinococcosis development. Cyst development and hepatic damage were macroscopically and histologically analyzed. The production of nitric oxide and TNF-alpha was assessed in plasma and the hepatic expression of iNOS, TNF-alpha, NF-kappa B and CD68 was examined. Moreover, protoscoleces were cultured and treated with different concentrations of PGE. Results: It was observed that in vitro treatment of protoscoleces caused a significant decrease in viability in a PGE-dose-dependent manner. In vivo, after treatment of cystic echinococcosis infected mice with PGE, a significant decrease in nitric oxide levels (Palpha levels (Palpha and NF-kappa B expression was also observed in liver tissue of treated mice (Pal effect and immunomodulatory properties of PGE, suggesting its potential therapeutic role against Echinococcus granulosus infection.

关键词： Pomegranate peel aqueous extract Tumor necrosis factor-alpha iNOS Nuclear factor-kappa B

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Ecological Consequences of Land Use Change: Forest Structure and Regeneration across the Forest-grassland Ecotone in Mountain Pastures in Nepal

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Journal of Mountain Science 2014年第4期11卷 838-849页

作者： lila Nath SHARMA Ole Reidar VETAAS Ram Prasad CHAUDHARY Inger Elisabeth MREN Department of Geography University of Bergen Bergen 5020 Norway Research Centre for Applied Science and Technology and Central Department of Botany Tribhuvan UniversityKathmandu 977 Nepal

The ecotone, the spatial transition zone between two vegetation communities, is claimed to have more species than the adjoining communities. However, empirical studies do not always confirm higher richness at the ecotone. The ecotone position and structure are dynamic over time and space and it is driven by the changes in climate, land use or their interaction. In this context, we assessed the forest- grassland ecotone of temperate mountains in central Nepal by i） comparing species composition and richness across the ecotone, ii） analyzing if the forestgrassland ecotone is shifting towards the grassland center by colonizing them with trees, and iii） discussing the consequence of changed disturbance regime in the dynamics of this ecotone and the surrounding grasslands. We analyzed vegetation data sampled from belt transects laid across the forest- grassland ecotone in semi-natural grassland patches. Vegetation data consisting of species richness and composition, and size structure and regeneration of the two most dominant tree species, namely Rhododendron arboreum and Abies spectabilis, from the transects, were used to analyze the trend of the forest-grassland ecotone. Forest and grasslands were different in terms of floristic composition and diversity. Vascular plant speciesrichness linearly increased while moving from forest interior to grassland center. Spatial pattern of tree size structure and regeneration infers that forest boundary is advancing towards the grasslands at the expense of the grassland area, and tree establishment in the grasslands is part of a suceessional process. Temporally, tree establishment in grasslands started following the gradual decline in disturbance. We argue that local processes in terms of changed land use may best explain the phenomenon of ecotone shift and consequent forest expansion in these grasslands. We underpin the need for further research on the mechanism, rate and spatial extent of ecotone shift by using advaneed tools to

关键词： Ecotone shift Grasslands Forest Landuse change Rhododendron

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Warm tachyon inflation and swampland criteria

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Chinese Physics C 2020年第9期44卷 162-174页

作者： Abolhassan Mohammadi Tayeb Golanbari Haidar Sheikhahmadi Kosar Sayar lila Akhtari M.A.Rasheed Khaled Saaidi Department of Physics Faculty of ScienceUniversity of KurdistanPasdaran St.P.O.Box 66177-15175SanandajIran Development Center for Research and Training(DCRT) University of Human DevelopmentSulaimaniKurdistan RegionIraq Center for Space Research North-West UniversityMafikengSouth Africa School of Astronomy Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences(IPM)P.O.Box 19395-5531TehranIran Department of Physics College of ScienceUniversity of SulaimaniSulaimaniKurdistan RegionIraq

In this study,the scenario of a two-component warm tachyon inflation is considered,where the tachyon field plays the role of the inflaton by driving the *** inflation,the tachyon scalar field interacts with the other component of the Universe,which is assumed to be photon gas,i.e.,*** interacting term contains a dissipation coefficient,and the study is modeled based on two different and familiar choices of the coefficient that were studied in the *** employing the latest observational data,the acceptable ranges for the free parameters of the model are *** any choice within the estimated ranges,there is an acceptable concordance between the theoretical predictions and *** the model is established based on several assumptions,it is crucial to verify their validity for the obtained values of the free parameters of the *** is found that the model is not self-consistent for all values of the ranges,and for some cases,the assumptions are ***,to achieve both self-consistency and agreement with the data,the parameters of the model must be ***,we consider the recently proposed swampland conjecture,which imposes two conditions on the inflationary *** criteria rule out some inflationary models;however,warm inflation is among those that successfully satisfy the swampland *** conduct a precise investigation,which indicates that the proposed warm tachyon inflation cannot satisfy the swampland criteria for some *** fact,for the first case of the dissipation coefficient,in which,there is dependency only on the scalar field,the model agrees with observational ***,it is in direct tension with the swampland ***,for the second case,wherein the dissipation coefficient has a dependency on both the scalar field and temperature,the model exhibits acceptable agreement with observational data,and suitably satisfies the swampland criteria.

关键词： warm inflation tachyon scalar field slow-roll approximation swampland criterion

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Polyphenols isolated from Acacia mearnsii bark with anti-inflammatory and carbolytic enzyme inhibitory activities

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Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 2017年第11期15卷 816-824页

作者： XIONG Jia GRACE Mary H ESPOSITO Debora KOMARNYTSKY Slavko WANG Fei lila Mary Ann Department of Chemical Engineering Jiangsu Key Lab of Biomass-based Green Fuels and Chemicals Nanjing Forestry University Plants for Human Health Institute Department of Food Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences North Carolina State UniversityNorth Carolina Research Campus

The present study was designed to characterize the polyphenols isolated from Acacia mearnsii bark crude extract(B) and fractions(B1-B7) obtained by high-speed counter-current chromatography(HSCCC) and evaluate their anti-inflammatory and carbolytic enzymes(α-glucosidase and α-amylase) inhibitory activities. Fractions B4, B5, B6, B7(total phenolics 850.3, 983.0, 843.9, and 572.5 mg·g^(-1)), respectively; proanthocyanidins 75.7, 90.5, 95.0, and 44.8 mg·g^(-1)), respectively) showed significant activities against reactive oxygen species(ROS), nitric oxide(NO) production, and expression of pro-inflammatory genes interleukin-1β(IL-1β) and inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS) in a lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-stimulated mouse macrophage cell line RAW 264.7. all the extracts suppressed α-glucosidase and α-amylase activities, two primary enzymes responsible for carbohydrate digestion. A. mearnsii bark samples possessed significantly stronger inhibitory effects against α-glucosidase enzyme(IC_(50) of 0.4-1.4 μg·mL^(-1)) than the pharmaceutical acarbose(IC_(50) 141.8 μg·mL^(-1))). B6 and B7(IC_(50) 17.6 and 11.7 μg·mL^(-1), respectively) exhibited α-amylase inhibitory activity as efficacious as acarbose(IC_(50) 15.4 μg·mL^(-1))). Moreover, B extract, at 25 μg·mL^(-1), significantly decreased the non-mitochondrial oxidative burst that is often associated with inflammatory response in human monocytic macrophages.

关键词： acacia mearnsii Proanthocyanidins Anti-inflammatory α-Amylase α-Glucosidase

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Field assessment of dog as sentinel animal for plague in endemic foci of Madagascar

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Integrative Zoology 2021年第6期16卷 886-892页

作者： Minoarisoa RAJERISON Voahangy ANDRIANAIVOARIMANANA Maherisoa RATSITORAHINA Soanandrasana RAHELINIRINA Suzanne CHANTEAU Sandra TELFER lila RAHalISON Plague Unit Institut Pasteur de MadagascarAntananarivoMadagascar Epidemiology Unit Institut Pasteur de MadagascarAntananarivoMadagascar Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences Zoology BuildingUniversity of AberdeenUnited Kingdom

The epidemiology of Yersinia pestis,the causative agent of plague,involves vectors and reservoirs in its transmission *** passive plague surveillance in Madagascar targets mainly rodent and ***,carnivores are routinely surveyed as sentinels of local plague activity in some *** aim of this study is to assess the use of domestic dog(Canis familiaris)as sentinel animal for field surveillance of plague in a highly endemic area in ***-sectional surveys of plague antibody prevalence in *** were conducted in endemic areas with contrasting histories of plague cases in humans,as well as a plague free *** capture was done in parallel to evaluate evidence for *** circulation in the primary *** 2 sites,dogs were later re-sampled to examine evidence of seroconversion and antibody *** samplings were performed between March 2008 and February *** antibody detection was assessed using anti-F1 *** study showed a significant difference in dog prevalence rates between plague-endemic and plague-free areas,with no seropositive dogs detected in the plague free *** correlation was found between rodents and dog prevalence rates,with an absence of seropositive rodents in some area where plague circulation was indicated by seropositive *** is consistent with high mortality rates in rodents following ***-sampling dogs identified individuals seropositive on both occasions,indicating high rates of re-exposure and/or persistence of plague antibodies for at least 9 *** or seropositive juvenile dogs indicated recent local plague *** Madagascar,dog surveillance for plague antibody could be useful to identify plague circulation in new areas or quiescent areas within endemic *** active endemic areas,monitoring of dog populations for seroconversion(negative to positive)or seropositive juvenile dogs could be useful for identifying areas at great

关键词： Canis familiaris Madagascar rodent serology Yersinia pestis

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