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Therapeutic potential of exercise-hormone irisin in Alzheimer's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1555-1564页

作者： eunhee Kim Rudolph eTanzi Se Hoon Choi Genetics and Aging Research Unit MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative DiseaseDepartment of NeurologyMassachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolCharlestownMAUSA McCance Center for Brain Health Massachusetts General HospitalBostonMAUSA

Irisin is a myokine that is generated by cleavage of the membrane protein fibronectin type Ⅲ domain-containing protein 5(FNDC5) in response to physical exercise. Studies reveal that irisin/FNDC5 has neuroprotective functions against Alzheimer's disease, the most common form of dementia in the elderly, by improving cognitive function and reducing amyloid-β and tau pathologies as well as neuroinflammation in cell culture or animal models of Alzheimer's disease. Although current and ongoing studies on irisin/FNDC5 show promising results, further mechanistic studies are required to clarify its potential as a meaningful therapeutic target for alleviating Alzheimer's disease. We recently found that irisin treatment reduces amyloid-β pathology by increasing the activity/levels of amyloid-β-degrading enzyme neprilysin secreted from astrocytes. Herein, we present an overview of irisin/FNDC5's protective roles and mechanisms against Alzheimer's disease.

关键词： Alzheimer's disease exercise fibronectin typeⅢdomain-containing protein 5(FNDC5) irisin

Materials,fundamentals,and technologies of liquid metals toward carbon neutrality

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2023年第6期66卷 1576-1594页

作者： DeNG YueGuang e erTai LI Jing JIANG Yi MeI ShengFu YU yang School of Aerospace engineering Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Ruixin College Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Jinggong College Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China North Information Control Research Academy Group Co. Ltd.Yangzhou 225001China Beijing DReAMInk Technologies Co. Ltd.Beijing 100080China

Carbon-neutral technologies are critical to ensure a stable future ***,low-melting-point liquid metals are emerging rapidly as important energy materials with significant potential to contribute to carbon *** advantages of gallium-and bismuth-based liquid metals,such as their high fluidity,low melting point,high thermal/electrical conductivity,unique chemical properties,non-flammability,and nontoxic characteristics,render them highly attractive for the development of advanced carbon-neutral *** their significance in both academia and industry has increased gradually,to the best of our knowledge,a systematic monograph of liquid-metal materials,mechanisms,and technologies toward carbon neutrality is not yet ***,we presented a comprehensive review of low-melting-point liquid metals for carbon ***,liquid-metal materials,including fluids,pastes,solids,and their composites were ***,the mechanisms of liquid-metal technologies used to achieve carbon neutrality were ***,typical liquid-metal applications of carbon neutrality in the power,industry,transport,and building sectors were *** the fundamental mechanisms and promising technologies were elaborated upon,and the critical assessment criteria for carbon-neutral technologies were *** scientific and technical challenges and future perspectives in these areas were also highlighted.

关键词： liquid metal carbon neutrality heat transfer battery hydrogen catalyst carbon capture

Cavitation research with computational fluid dynamics:From euler-euler to euler-Lagrange approach

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2024年第1期36卷 1-23页

作者： Bin Ji Zi-yang Wang Huai-yu Cheng Rickard e.Bensow State Key Laboratory of Water Resources engineering and Management Wuhan UniversityWuhan430072China Department of Mechanics and Maritime Sciences Chalmers University of TechnologyGothenburgSweden

Unsteady cavitating flow often contains vapor structures with a wide range of different length scales,from micro-bubbles to large cavities,which issues a big challenge to precisely investigate its evolution mechanism by computational fluid dynamics(CFD)*** present work reviews the development of simulation methods for cavitation,especially the emerging euler-Lagrange ***,the progress of the numerical investigation of hot and vital issues is discussed,including cavitation inception,cloud cavitation inner structure and its formation mechanism,cavitation erosion,and cavitation *** is indicated that the euler-Lagrange method can determine cavitation inception point *** cloud cavitation,the euler-Lagrange method can reveal the source of microbubbles and their distribution law inside the shedding *** method also has advantages and great potential in assessing cloud cavitation-induced erosion and *** the ever-growing demands of cavitation simulation accuracy in basic research and engineering applications,how to improve the euler-Lagrange method’s stability and applicability is still an open *** further promote the application of this advanced CFD simulation technology in cavitation research,some key issues are to be solved and feasible suggestions are put forward for further work.

关键词： numerical simulation euler-euler method euler-Lagrange method bubble dynamicsgy,Gothenburg,Sweden

中国蓝藻新记录种--纤细双色藻(Cyanobium gracile)

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湖泊科学 2025年第1期37卷 229-237页

作者：刘洋委雅菲李效宇张榜军河南省水生态毒理与健康防护国际联合实验室新乡453007 河南师范大学生命科学学院新乡453007 河南省丹江口水库水域生态系统野外科学观测研究站南阳474450

随着基因测序技术的发展,环境中一些微藻不断被发现,超微蓝藻便是其中之一,但关于超微蓝藻的多相分类学研究在我国报道较少。本研究首次在某自来水厂分离纯化获得了一株超微蓝藻藻株Cyanobium gracile HNU001,并对其形态学、超微结构和... 详细信息

随着基因测序技术的发展,环境中一些微藻不断被发现,超微蓝藻便是其中之一,但关于超微蓝藻的多相分类学研究在我国报道较少。本研究首次在某自来水厂分离纯化获得了一株超微蓝藻藻株Cyanobium gracile HNU001,并对其形态学、超微结构和分子特征进行了研究。形态学研究发现,其藻细胞呈椭圆形或椭球形,在分裂过程中平行于短的细胞轴对称存在;超微结构显示了细胞二分裂繁殖以及类囊体膜平行于细胞膜排列;16S rRNA基因序列显示,该藻株与双色藻属Cyanobium的序列相似性大于99.9%,分子系统树聚为一束;该藻株与Cyanobium gracile PCC 6307的D1-D1′、Box-B螺旋结构一致。综合以上结果,将其命名为纤细双色藻(Cyanobium gracile),是在我国的首次报道。

关键词：蓝藻超微蓝藻双色藻分类分子系统

Free vibration and transient response of double curved beams connected by intermediate straight beams

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(english edition) 2025年第1期46卷 37-62页

作者： R.A.JAFARI-TALOOKOLAeI H.GHANDVAR e.JUMAeV S.KHATIR T.CUONG-Le School of Mechanical engineering Babol Noshirvani University of Technology Department of Mechanical engineering Faculty of Engineering New Uzbekistan University University of Business and Science Center for engineering Application and Technology Solutions Ho Chi Minh City Open University

This paper investigates the free vibration and transient response of interconnected structures including double curved beams and intermediate straight beams,which are all constructed from functionally graded porous(FGP) materials. The strain potential and kinetic energies of each beam along with the work done by the external force are calculated. Additionally, a higher-order beam element is introduced to derive stiffness and mass matrices, along with the force vector. The curved and straight beams are discretized, and their assembled stiffness, mass matrices, and force vectors, are *** conditions at the joints are used to derive the total matrices of the entire structure. Subsequently, the natural frequencies and transient response of the system are determined. The accuracy of the mathematical model and the self-developed computer program is validated through the comparison of the obtained results with those of the existing literature and commercial software ANSYS, demonstrating excellent ***, a comprehensive study is conducted to investigate the effects of various parameters on the free vibration and transient response of the considered structure.

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Abnormal skeletal metabolism and its changes after decopper therapy in patients with Wilson disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2006年第7期1卷 626-629页

作者： Guang'e yang Minfan Hong Bin yang Renmin yang Xun Wang Department of Neurology Affiliated Hospital of Institute of Neurology Anhui College of Traditional Chinese MedicineHefei 230061Anhui ProvinceChina Department of NeurologyAffiliated Hospital of Institute of Neurology Anhui College of Traditional Chinese MedicineHefei 230061Anhui ProvinceChina Department of NeurologyAffiliated Hospital of Institute of Neurology Anhui College of Traditional Chinese MedicineHefei 230061Anhui ProvinceChina Department of NeurologyAffiliated Hospital of Institute of Neurology Anhui College of Traditional Chinese MedicineHefei 230061Anhui ProvinceChina Department of NeurologyAffiliated Hospital of Institute of Neurology Anhui College of Traditional Chinese MedicineHefei 230061Anhui ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND: Researches indicate that patients with Wilson disease (WD) have abnormal skeletal metabolism, which is induced by various factors. OBJeCTIVe: To probe into the changing characteristics of abnormal skeletal metabolism in WD patients and observe the effect of decopper therapy. DeSIGN: Case-contrast and self-control study. SeTTING: Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Neurological Institute, Anhui College of Traditional Chinese Medicine. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 35 patients with WD including 21 males and 14 females aged from 10 to 42 years with the mean age of (20±8) years were selected from Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Neurological Institute, Anhui College of Traditional Chinese Medicine from September 2000 to February 2001. All the patients were in compliance with the diagnostic criteria: history of family heredity; cone symptoms in vitro, physical sign or liver symptoms; positive Kayser-Fleischer ring; serum copper protein er oxidase e copper > 1.6 μmol/24 hours; liver copper > 250 μg/g (dry weight). The control group was selected from 25 cases of health individuals including 13 males and 12 females aged from 16 to 35 years with the mean age of (22±6) years. All patients who participated in the study were informed first and consented. MeTHODS: Patients in treatment group were treated with venous injection of 1.0 g sodium dimercaptosulfonate, once a day for totally 6 successive days. And then, patients rested for 2 days. This procedure mentioned above was regarded as a course, and the treatment lasted for 4-8 courses. Before and after injection of sodium dimercaptosulfonate, serum calcitonin (CT), osteocalcin (BGP), parathyroid hormone (PTH) and 1,25-(OH)2VitD3 were measured with radio-immunity method; blood, urine calcium, phosphorum and urine creatinine were measured with biochemical analyzer; urine dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase(DPD) was detected with enzyme-immunity method; bone mineral den

关键词： Wilson Abnormal skeletal metabolism and its changes after decopper therapy in patients with Wilson disease

Targeting duplex DNA with the reversible reactivity of quinone methides

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2016年第1期1卷 101-105页

作者： Chengyun Huang yang Liu Steven e Rokita Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of MarylandCollege ParkMDUSA Chengdu Integrated Testing Center of Rocks and Ores ChengduSichuanChina National Institutes for Food and Drug Control BeijingChina Department of Chemistry Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMDUSA.

DNA alkylation and crosslinking remains a common and effective strategy for anticancer chemotherapy despite its infamous lack of *** a reactive group to a sequence-directing component has the potential to enhance target selectivity but may suffer from premature degradation or the need for an external signal for ***,quinone methide conjugates may be employed if they form covalent but reversible adducts with their sequence directing *** resulting self-adducts transfer their quinone methide to a chosen target without an external signal and avoid off-target reactions by alternative intramolecular *** transfer is shown to depend on the nature of the quinone methide and the sequencedirecting ligand in applications involving alkylation of duplex DNA through a triplex recognition *** required an electron-rich derivative that enhanced the stability of the transient quinone methide intermediate and a polypyrimidine strand of DNA to associate with its cognate polypurine/polypyrimidine *** quinone methide conjugates with peptide nucleic acids were capable of quinone methide transfer from their initial precursor but not from their corresponding *** active peptide nucleic acid derivatives were highly selective for their complementary target.

关键词： reversible alkylation reactivity

Zn Accumulation and Subcellular Distribution in the Zn Hyperaccumulator Sedurn alfredii Hance

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Pedosphere 2006年第5期16卷 616-623页

作者： LI Ting-Qiang yang Xiao-e yang Jin-Yan He Zhen-Li MOe Key Laboratory of environment Remediation and ecosystem Health Zhejiang University Huajianchi Campus Hangzhou 310029 （China）

Zn accumulation and subcellular distribution in leaves of the hyperaccumulating ecotype （He） and non-hyperaccumulating ecotype （NHe） of Sedum alfredii Hance were studied using radiotracer and gradient centrifugation techniques. Leaf Zn accumulation in the He of S. alfredii was 18.5-26.7 times greater than that in the NHe when the plants were grown at 1-500μmol Zn L-1. Leaf section uptake of 65Zn was highly dependent on external Zn levels. Greater 65Zn uptake in He was noted only at external Zn levels 〉 100μmol L-1. Zinc subcellular distribution in the leaves of the two ecotypes of S. alfredii was： cell wall 〉 soluble fraction 〉 cell organelle. However, more Zn was distributed to the leaf cell wall and soluble fractions for He than for NHe. In the leaf of He, 91%-94% of the Zn was found in the cell walls and the soluble fraction and only 6%-9% Zn was distributed in the cell organelle fraction. For NHe, about 20%-26% Zn was recovered in the cell organelle fraction. In stems, Zn distribution to the ceil wail fraction was approximately two fold greater in the He than that in the NHe. For the hyperaccumulating ecotype of S. alfredii, the cell wall and the vacuole played a very important role in Zn tolerance and hyperaccumulation.

关键词： compartmentation Sedum alfredii Hance subcellular distribution Zn hyperaccumulator

Thermal Performance of Low-Melting-Temperature Alloy Thermal Interface Materials

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(english Letters) 2014年第2期27卷 290-294页

作者： e.yang Hongyan Guo Jingdong Guo Jianku Shang Mingguang Wang Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of Sciences College of Sciences Northeastern University Department of Materials Science and engineering University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign

Thermal resistance of low-melting-temperature alloy （LMTA） thermal interface materials （TIMs） was measured by laser flash method before and after different stages of heating. The results showed that the thermal performance of the LMTA TIMs was degraded during the heating process. It is suggested that the degradation may mainly be attributed to the interfacial reaction between the Cu and the molten LMTAs. Due to the fast growth rate of intermetallic compound （IMC） at the solid-liquid interface, a thick brittle IMC is layer formed at the interface, which makes cracks easy to initiate and expand. Otherwise, the losses of indium and tin contents in the LMTA during the interfacial reaction will make the melting point of the TIM layer increase, and so, the TIM layer will not melt at the operating temperature.

关键词： Thermal interface materials Low melting point alloy Thermal resistance