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Role of the CXCR4-SDF1-HMGB1 pathway in the directional migration of cells and regeneration of affected organs

World Journal of Stem Cells 2020年第9期12卷 938-951页

作者： Nazmul Haque Ismail M Fareez liew fong fong Chanchal Mandal Noor Hayaty Abu Kasim Kranthi RajaKacharaju Pratiwi Soesilawati Department of Oral Biology and Biomedical Sciences Faculty of DentistryMAHSA UniversitySelangor 42610Malaysia Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering Discipline Life ScienceKhulna UniversityKhulna 9208Bangladesh Faculty of Dentistry University Kebangsaan MalaysiaKuala Lumpur 50300Malaysia Faculty of Dental Medicine Universitas AirlanggaSurabaya 411007Indonesia Department of Conservative Dentistry Faculty of Dentistry MAHSA UniversitySelangor 42610Malaysia Department of Oral Biology Faculty of Dental MedicineUniversitas AirlanggaSurabaya 60115Indonesia

In recent years,several studies have reported positive outcomes of cell-based therapies despite insufficient engraftment of transplanted *** findings have created a huge interest in the regenerative potential of paracrine factors released from transplanted stem or progenitor ***,this notion has also led scientists to question the role of proteins in the secretome produced by cells,tissues or organisms under certain conditions or at a particular time of regenerative *** studies have revealed that the secretomes derived from different cell types contain paracrine factors that could help to prevent apoptosis and induce proliferation of cells residing within the tissues of affected *** could also facilitate the migration of immune,progenitor and stem cells within the body to the site of *** these different paracrine factors present within the secretome,researchers have given proper consideration to stromal cell-derived factor-1(SDF1)that plays a vital role in tissue-specific migration of the cells needed for *** researchers recognized that SDF1 could facilitate site-specific migration of cells by regulating SDF1-CXCR4 and/or HMGB1-SDF1-CXCR4 pathways which is vital for tissue *** in this study,we have attempted to describe the role of different types of cells within the body in facilitating regeneration while emphasizing the HMGB1-SDF1-CXCR4 pathway that orchestrates the migration of cells to the site where regeneration is needed.

关键词： C-X-C motif chemokine 12 Mesenchymal stem cells Monocytes Neutrophils Peripheral blood mononuclear cells Receptor for advanced glycation end products

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Use of subword tokenization for domain generation algorithm classification

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Cybersecurity 2024年第2期7卷 1-12页

作者： Sea Ran Cleon liew Ngai fong Law University of Waterloo WaterlooCanada Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityKowloonHong Kong

Domain name generation algorithm(DGA)classification is an essential but challenging *** feature-extract-ing machine learning(ML)methods and deep learning(DL)models such as convolutional neural networks and long short-term memory have been ***,the performance of these approaches varies with different types of *** features in the ML methods can characterize random-looking DGAs better than Word-looking *** improve the classification performance on word-looking DGAs,subword tokenization is employed for the DL *** experimental results proved that the subword tokenization can provide excellent classification performance on the word-looking *** then propose an integrated scheme that chooses an appropriate method for DGA classification depending on the nature of the *** show that the integrated scheme outperformed existing ML and DL methods,and also the subword DL methods.

关键词： Botnet detection Domain names Network security Machine learning-based botnet detection

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Cytokine landscapes of pregnancy:mapping gestational immune phases

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Gynecology and Obstetrics Clinical Medicine 2024年第1期4卷 56-64页

作者： Sulagna Dutta Pallav Sengupta fong fong liew Basic Medical Sciences Department College of MedicineAjman UniversityAjmanUAE Department of Biomedical Sciences Gulf Medical UniversityAjmanUAE Department of Preclinical Sciences Faculty of DentistryMAHSA UniversityKuala LumpurMalaysia

Background Synchronised physiological adaptations occur during pregnancy to achieve systemic,immune and neuroendocrine equilibrium in the mother's body,allowing semiallogenic fetal *** text Depending on the cytokine profile alterations occurring through pregnancy,the latter can be divided into three distinct *** the first immunological phase of pregnancy,proinflammatory cytokines promote inflammatory reactions needed for *** the second phase,a possible change from proinflammatory to anti-inflammatory cytokines creates a symbiosis between maternal and fetal components,ensuring fetal *** the third phase,inflammatory and cytolytic cytokines operate again to reinforce an inflammatory environment for *** article offers a detailed account of immune adaptations during pregnancy and highlights the distinctive cytokine profiles that mark each *** By providing a simplified depiction of pregnancy phases based on cytokine profiles,the article aims to inspire more research in reproductive immunology and improve the management of pregnancy-related inflammation and infection.

关键词： pregnancy mother alterations

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Cardiovascular health awareness,risk perception,behavioural intention and INTERHEART risk stratification among middle-aged adults in Malaysia

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2024年第2期17卷 61-70页

作者： Siew-Keah Lee Ang-Lim Chua Clement Heng Yew fong Ban Hao Brian Cong Wen Ling Ng Jing Feng Kong Yik-Ling Chew Kai Bin liew Yang Shao M.Kandiah Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Universiti Tunku Abdul RahmanMalaysia Faculty of Medicine Universiti Teknologi MARAMalaysia Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences UCSI UniversityMalaysia Faculty of Pharmacy University of CyberjayaMalaysia The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University China

Objective:To investigate the interrelationship between cardiovascular health awareness,risk perception,behavioural intention,and INTERHEART risk stratification in a middle-aged adult population in ***:A cross-sectional survey with convenience sampling was conducted during November 2022 and January *** completed validated questionnaires assessing cardiovascular health awareness,risk perception of cardiovascular diseases,behavioural intention towards adopting healthy habits,and INTERHEART risk stratification score(IHRS)based on established risk factors.A total of 602 respondents were included in the final *** were analysed with independent t-test/one-way ANOVA or Mann-Whitney/Kruskal-Wallis to test the differences,Pearson correlation or linear regression test to analyze the association of independent and dependent ***:There was a significant positive correlation between medical knowledge related to cardiovascular disease(CVD)and knowledge related to CVD risk prevention,risk perception,behavioural intention and IHRS(P<0.05,Pearson correlation).Notably,individuals with higher IHRS tended to have lower knowledge related to CVD and CVD risk prevention,risk perception,and behavioural ***,laborers,active/former smokers,individuals with lower household income and educational levels,those involved in occupations not related to the healthcare sector,and those who did not receive the CVD health brochure or are unaware of health self-assessment tools are likely to have lower levels of knowledge,risk perception,and poorer behavioural intention regarding cardiovascular health(P<0.05,one-way ANOVA).While educational level,smoking status,awareness about CVD poster,self-assessment tools were repeatedly significantly associated with knowledge related to CVD and CVD risk prevention,risk perception,behavioral intention and/or IHRS(P<0.05,linear regression).Conclusions:These findings underscore the importance of promoting car

关键词： Cardiovascular risk Knowledge Risk perception Behavioural intention INTERHEART Middle-aged Lifestyle Physical activity Psychosocial stress

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Potential Economic Value of Chitin and Its Derivatives as Major Biomaterials of Seafood Waste,with Particular Reference to Southeast Asia

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2022年第4期10卷 909-938页

作者： Hsiao Wei Tan Zhi Yin Joan Lim Nur Airina Muhamad fong fong liew Institute of Research Management and Services Research and Innovation Management ComplexUniversity of MalayaKuala Lumpur50603Malaysia Department of Restorative Dentistry Faculty of DentistryMAHSA UniversitySaujana Putra CampusJenjarum42610Malaysia Institute of Biological Sciences Faculty of ScienceUniversity of MalayaKuala Lumpur50603Malaysia Department of Oral Biology&Biomedical Sciences Faculty of DentistryMAHSA UniversitySaujana Putra CampusJenjarum42610Malaysia

With a growing population,changes in consumerism behavior and trends in consumption in Indo-Pacific Asia,our seafood processing and consumption practices produce a large volume of waste *** are several advantages in regulating and sustaining shellfish processing *** major advantage of waste management is that it leads to better conservation of natural resources in the long *** shell waste contains useful biomaterials,which are still untapped due to inadequate waste disposal and solid waste ***,the major component of shell waste,can be extracted either chemically or *** chemical extraction approaches,which use acids and alkali,could be an environmental *** the other hand,biological methods can be eco-friendly alternatives for shell waste *** this review,recent trends in management of shellfish waste as sources of chitin,conversion of chitin into chitosan,economic aspects of waste treatment and application of chitosan will be discussed.

关键词： Seafood waste waste management chitin chitosan economic value Southeast Asian fisheries

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64-row multi-dector computed tomography coronary image from a center with early experience: first illustration of learning curve

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2006年第1期3卷 29-34页

作者： Sze Piaw CHIN Tiong Kiam ONG Chee Khoon liew M.Tobias Seyfarth fong Yean Yip ALAN Houng Bang liew Kui Hian SIM Dept of Cardiology Sarawak General Hospital Siemens Cardiac Solutions Erlangen Germany

Background and objectives The recent joint ACCF/AHA clinical competence statement on cardiac imaging with multi-detector computed tomography recommended a minimum of 6 months training and 300 contrast examinations, of which the candidate must be directly involved in at least 100 studies. Whether this is adequate to become proficient in interpretation of coronary computed tomogsignificant coronary stenosis in a center with 1 year's experience using a 64-row scanner. Methods A total of 778 patients underwent contrast-enhanced CTA between January and December 2005. Out of these patients, 301 patients also underwent contrast-enhanced conventional coronary angiography (CCA). These patients were divided into 4 groups according to the time the examination was underwent. Group Q1: first quarter of the year (n=20), Group Q2: second quarter (n=128), Group Q3: third quarter (n=134), and Group Results The sensitivity, specificity, positive, and negative predictive values were Q1 - 64%, 89%, 49% and 94%, respectively; Q2 -79%, 96%, 74% and 97%, respectively; Q3 - 78%, 96%, 74%, 97%, respectively, and Q4 - 100% for all. Conclusions In a center with formal training and high caseload, our accuracy in CTA analysis reached a plateau after 6 months experience. Test-bolus protocols produce better image quality and can improve accuracy. New centers embarking on CTA will need to overcome an initial 6-month learning curve depending upon the caseload during which time they should consider correlation with CCA.

关键词： computed tomography training angiography coronary artery disease

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Feasibility and accuracy of coronary imaging in elderly patients using the 64-row multi-detector computed tomography: a correlation study with conventional coronary angiography

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2006年第1期3卷 9-14页

作者： Chee Khoon liew Sze Piaw CHIN Tiong Kiam ONG Seyfarth Tobias Yean Yip fong Choon Kiat ANG Houng Bang liew Rapaee ANNUAR Kui Hian SIM Deptartment of Cardiology Sarawak General Hospital SarawakMalaysia Siemens Cardiac Solutions Erlangen Germany Universitv Malaysia Sarawak Malaysia

Background Elderly patients generally have higher occurrence of coronary calcification, increased heart rate and difficulty with prolonged breath-holding. The aim of our study was to investigate the feasibility and accuracy of using 64-row multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT) in the assessment of coronary artery stenoses in elderly patients. Methods One hundred and fifty two patients with suspected or known coronary artery disease were divided into 4 groups according to their age (Group A: 40-49 years,n=34; Group B: 50-59 years, n=57; Group C: 60-69 years, n=48; Group D: 70 years and above; n=13). Coronary CT angiography (CTA) using a 64-row MDCT was performed and the findings were compared with that of conventional coronary angiography (CCA).Using axial images, multi-planar reconstructions (MPR) and maximum intensity projections (MIP), coronary segments of lumen diameter = 1.5mm were analyzed for the presence of significant stenosis (= 50% ). Results Percentages of poor image quality from coronary CTA preventing reliable correlations with CCA were 21%, 14%, 19% and 62% in Groups A to D respectively. Patients in Group D had significantly higher calcium scores compared with the other groups (P＜0.001). In patients where CTA images were of acceptable quality, percentages of accurate correlations with CCA were 89.8%, 93.4%, 86.6% and 78.0% for Groups A to D *** were no significant difference in serum creatinine, heart rate and contrast volume between the 4 groups. Conclusions The 64-row MDCT coronary angiography was less accurate and feasible for patients aged 70 years or above due to heavy coronary calcification and inability to perform a satisfactory breath-hold. However, a high diagnostic accuracy with the MDCT is possible in patients aged less than 70 years.

关键词： computed tomography angiography coronary artery disease elderly

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Assessment of left ventricular ejection fraction: comparison of two dimensional echocardiography, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging and 64-row multi-detector computed tomography

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2006年第1期3卷 2-8页

作者： Chee Khoon liew Rapaee ANNUAR Tiong Kiam ONG Sze Piaw CHIN Tobias Seyfarth Yean Yip fong Choon Kiat ANG Houng Bang liew Kui Hian SIM Department of Cardiology Sarawak General Hospital Sarawak Malaysia University Malaysia Sarawak Siemens Cardiac Solutions Erlangen Germany Department of Cardiology Sarawak General Hospital SarawakMalaysia

Objectives To compare left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) determined from 64-row multi-detector computed tomography (64-row MDCT) with those determined from two dimensional echocardiography (2D echo) and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR). Methods Thirty-two patients with coronary artery disease underwent trans-thoracic 2D echo, CMR and contrast-enhanced 64-row MDCT for assessment of LVEF within 48 hours of each other. 64-row MDCT LVEF was derived using the Syngo Circulation software; CMR LVEF was by Area Length Ejection Fraction (ALEF) and Simpson method and 2D echo LVEF by Simpson *** The LVEF was 49.13 ± 15.91% by 2D echo, 50.72 ± 16.55% (ALEF method) and 47.65 ± 16.58%(Simpson method) by CMR and 50.00 ± 15.93% by 64-row MDCT. LVEF measurements by 64-row MDCT correlated well with LVEF measured with CMR using either the ALEF method (Pearson correlation r = 0.94, P ＜0.01) or Simpson method (r = 0.92, P＜0.01). It also correlated well with LVEF measured using 2D echo (r = 0.80, P ＜ 0.01). Conclusion LVEF measurements by 64-row MDCT correlated well with LVEF measured by CMR and 2D echo. The correlation between 64-row MDCT and CMR was better than the correlation between 2D echo with CMR. Standard data set from a 64-row MDCT coronary study can be reliably used to calculate the LVEF.

关键词： ejection fraction echocardiography magnetic resonance imaging computed tomography

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High-resolution computed tomography in patients with atypical 'cardiac' chest pain: a study investigating patients at 10-year cardiovascular risks defined by the Framingham and PROCAM scores

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2006年第1期3卷 17-21页

作者： Choon Kiat ANG Alan Yean Yip fong Sze Piaw CHIN Tiong Kiam ONG Seyfarth M Tobias Chee Khoon liew Rapaee ANNUAR Houng Bang liew Kui Hian SIM Deptartment of Cardiology Sarawak General Hospital Sarawak Malaysia Siemens Medical Solutions Germany Deptartment of Cardiology Sarawak General Hospital SarawakMalaysia University Malaysia Sarawak Malaysia

Background and objective Atypical 'cardiac' chest pain (ACCP) is not usually caused by myocardial ischaemia. Current noninvasive investigations for these symptoms are not yet as accurate as invasive coronary angiography. The latest 64-row multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT) technology is non-invasive, has high specificity and negative predictive values for the detection of significant coronary disease. Our aim was to investigate if this modality can provide more information in the assessment of outpatients with ACCP in addition to established cardiovascular risk scores. Methods Seventy consecutive patients presenting to the outpatient clinic with ACCP underwent 64-row MDCT scan of the coronary arteries. They were categorized into low, medium or high risk groups based upon the Framingham and PROCAM scores. We defined a clinically abnormal MDCT scan as coronary stenosis =50% or calcium score ＞400 Agatston. Results Fifty-three (75.7%) patients did not have clinically abnormal scans. Framingham score classified 43 patients as low-risk while PROCAM classified 59 patients as low-risk. MDCT scans were abnormal for 18.6% and 22.0% of the respective low-risk group of patients. For patients with medium-to-high risk, 33.3% and 36.4% of Framingham and PROCAM patient groups respectively had abnormal MDCT scans. Conclusion MDCT adds valuable information in the assessment of patients with ACCP by identifying a significant proportion of patients categorized as low-risk to have underlying significant coronary stenosis and coronary calcification by established cardiovascular risk scores.

关键词： multi-detector computed tomography atypical 'cardiac' chest pain coronary artery disease risk stratification

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马来西亚经济发展——基于经济改革开放以来所执行的政策

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科技资讯 2010年第32期8卷 232-232页

作者： liew Seng fong 重庆大学贸易与行政学院重庆400030

论文注重于马来西亚从1970年开始实行经济改革以及以来所执行的相关政策。

关键词：马来西亚经济发展政策

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