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Different mechanisms underlie similar species-area relationships in two tropical archipelagoes

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Plant Diversity 2024年第2期46卷 238-246页

作者： Shengchun Li Tieyao tu Shaopeng Li Xian Yang Yong Zheng liang-Dong Guo Dianxiang Zhang Lin Jiang Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization South China Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510650China ECNU-Alberta Joint Lab for Biodiversity Study Tiantong Forest Ecosystem National Observation and Research StationSchool of Ecological and Environmental SciencesEast China Normal UniversityShanghai 200241China School of Biological Sciences Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA 30332USA Jiangxi Academy of Forestry Nanchang 330032China Institute of Eco-Chongming(IEC) Shanghai 202162China State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol School of EcologySun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China School of Geographical Sciences Fujian Normal UniversityFuzhou 350007China State Key Laboratory of Mycology Institute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China

Despite much research in the field of island biogeography,mechanisms regulating insular diversity remain ***,we aim to explore mechanisms underlying plant species-area relationships in two tropical archipelagoes in the South China *** found positive plant species-area relationships for both coral and continental ***,our results showed that different mechanisms contributed to similar plant species-area relationships between the two *** coral islands,soil nutrients and spatial distance among communities played major roles in shaping plant community structure and species *** contrast,the direct effect of island area,and to a lesser extent,soil nutrients determined plant species richness on continental ***,increasing soil nutrients availability(N,P,K)had opposite effects on plant diversity between the two *** summary,the habitat quality effect and dispersal limitation are important for regulating plant diversity on coral islands,whereas the passive sampling effect,and to a lesser extent,the habitat quality effect are important for regulating plant diversity on continental *** generally,our findings indicate that island plant species-area relationships are outcomes of the interplay of both niche and neutral processes,but the driving mechanisms behind these relationships depends on the type of islands.

关键词： Coral and continental islands Plant diversity Soil nutrients Species-area relationships The sampling effect

Adhesion property of AlCrNbSiTi high-entropy alloy coating on zirconium:experimental and theoretical studies

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第8期35卷 79-91页

作者： Bao‑liang Zhang Wen‑Guan Liu Meng‑He tu Can Fang Yan Liu Yu‑Hui Wang Yong Hu Hui Wang China Institute of Atomic Energy Beijing 102413China Sino‑French Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Technology Sun Yat-Sen UniversityZhuhai 519082China School of Power and Mechanical Engineering Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China

Experimental scratch tests and first-principles calculations were used to investigate the adhesion property of AlCrNbSiTi high-entropy alloy(HEA)coatings on zirconium *** HEA and Cr coatings were deposited on Zr alloy substrates using multi-arc ion plating technology,and scratch tests were subsequently conducted to estimate the adhesion property of the *** results indicated that Cr coatings had better adhesion strength than HEA coatings,and the HEA coatings showed *** special quasi-random structure approach was used to build HEA models,and Cr/Zr and HEA/Zr interface models were employed to investigate the cohesion between the coatings and Zr substrate using first-principles *** calculated interface energies showed that the cohesion between the Cr coating and the Zr substrate was stronger than that of the HEA coating with *** contrary to Al or Si in the HEA coating,Cr,Nb,and Ti atoms binded strongly with Zr *** on the calculated elastic constants,it was found that low Cr and high Al content decreased the mechanical performances of HEA ***,this study demonstrated the utilization of a combined approach involving first-principles calculations and experimental studies for future HEA coating development.

关键词： High-entropy alloy coating Cr coating Adhesion property Scratch test First-principles calculation

Stark splitting of intense red emission for Er^(3+)in O_(h) symmetry sites realizing optical temperature sensing in biological applications

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Rare Metals 2024年第3期43卷 1263-1274页

作者： Yue Guo Lin-Jun Qin Jing Xu Xiao-ping Jiang Xiao-Yu Yue Yi Hou Hao Shi Li-Xi Wang Qi-tu Zhang Collage of Materials Science and Engineering Nanjing Tech UniversityNanjing211816China Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Inorganic Function Composites Nanjing211816China

Optical temperature sensing based on the fluorescence intensity ratio(FIR)of red emission for lanthanide ions holds significant relevance in non-contact temperature measurement for biological *** this study,the perovskite-structured KZnF_(3)is utilized as a host material for Er^(3+)to achieve a high-purity upconversion(UC)red *** observed Stark splitting of the red emission peak provides evidence of the energy level splitting of Er^(3+).Group theory is employed to decompose the spectral branching of Er^(3+)under the point group symmetry of KZnF_(3),allowing for the derivation of Stark splitting energy levels induced by the crystal field *** optical temperature-sensing behavior of the red UC luminescence was investigated,specifically examining the FIR of the splitting sub-peaks,which exhibited an exponential relationship with *** KZnF_(3):Yb^(3+),Er^(3+)demonstrated a relative sensitivity(S_(r))of 0.00182%·K^(-1)at 298 K,highlighting its excellent response to *** vivo bio-thermometry experiments conducted on chicken breast validated the material's ability to penetrate biological tissues and showed its significant sensitivity of the FIR to *** results establish KZnF_(3):Yb^(3+),Er^(3+)as a promising material for optical thermometry in various biological applications.

关键词： KZnF_(3) Er^(3+) Upconversion luminescence Stark splitting Temperature sensing

Clinical review and literature analysis of hepatic epithelioid angiomyolipoma in alcoholic cirrhosis: A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第14期12卷 2382-2388页

作者： Jing-Qiang Guo Jia-Hui Zhou Kun Zhang Xin-liang Lv Chao-Yong tu Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery Lishui Municipal Central HospitalLishui 323000Zhejiang ProvinceChina Department of Pathology Lishui Municipal Central HospitalLishui 323000Zhejiang ProvinceChina Department of General Surgery The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityLishui 323000Zhejiang ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Hepatic epithelioid angiomyolipoma(HEA)has a low incidence and both clinical manifestations and imaging lack ***,it is easy to misdiagnose HEA as other tumors of the liver,especially in the presence of liver diseases such as hepatitis *** article reviewed the diagnosis and treatment of a patient with HEA and alcoholic cirrhosis,and analyzed the literature,in order to improve the understanding of this *** SUMMARY A 67-year-old male patient with a history of alcoholic cirrhosis was admitted due to the discovery of a space-occupying lesion in the *** on the patient’s history,laboratory examinations,and imaging examinations,a malignant liver tumor was considered and laparoscopic partial hepatectomy was *** pathology showed *** outpatient follow-up,the patient showed no sign of *** HEA is difficult to make a definite diagnosis before *** has the poten-tial for malignant *** conditions permit,surgical treatment is recom-mended.

关键词： Hepatic epithelioid angiomyolipoma Alcoholic cirrhosis Magnetic resonance imaging Computed tomography Immunohistochemistry Misdiagnose analysis Case report

Autophagy plays a pro-apoptotic role in arsenic trioxide-induced cell death of liver cancer

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第3期22卷 295-302页

作者： Zhengting Deng Shufang liang Guokai Huang Yuqian Wang Xiaoyu tu Yani Zhang Shu Li Tao Liu Binbin Cheng Taizhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineTaizhou 225300Jiangsu ProvinceChina Oncology Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine The First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical UniversityShanghai 200433China School of Traditional Chinese Medicine Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing 210023Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Gastroenterology Baoshan Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western MedicineShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai 201900China

Objective: The effects of arsenic trioxide(As2O3) on hepatocellular carcinoma have been documented widely. Autophagy plays dual roles in the survival and death of cancer cells. Therefore, we investigated the exact role of autophagy in As2O3-induced apoptosis in liver cancer ***: The viability of hepatoma cells was determined using the MTT assay with or without fetal bovine serum. The rate of apoptosis in liver cancer cells treated with As2O3was evaluated using flow cytometry, Hoechst 33258 staining, and tuNEL assays. The rate of autophagy among liver cancer cells treated with As2O3was detected using immunofluorescence, Western blot assay and transmission electron ***: Upon treatment with As2O3, the viability of HepG2 and SMMC-7721 cells was decreased in a time-and dose-dependent manner. The apoptosis rates of both liver cancer cell lines increased with the concentration of As2O3, as shown by flow cytometry. Apoptosis in liver cancer cells treated with As2O3was also shown by the activation of the caspase cascade and the regulation of Bcl-2/Bax ***, As2O3treatment induced autophagy in liver cancer cells;this finding was supported by Western blot, immunofluorescence of LC3-II and beclin 1, and transmission electron microscopy. In liver cancer cells, As2O3inhibited the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin(PI3K/AKT/mTOR) signal pathway that plays a vital role in both apoptosis and autophagy. The PI3K activator SC-79 partially reversed As2O3-induced autophagy and apoptosis. Furthermore, inhibiting autophagy with 3-methyladenine partially reversed the negative effects of As2O3on cell *** starvation increased autophagy and amplified the effect of As2O3on cell ***: As2O3induces apoptosis and autophagy in liver cancer cells. Autophagy induced by As2O3may have a proapoptotic effect that helps to reduce the viability of liver cancer cells. This study provides novel insights

关键词： Apoptosis Arsenic trioxide Autophagy Primary liver cancer

Identification and characterization of camptothecin tailoring enzymes in Nothapodytes tomentosa

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2024年第6期66卷 1158-1169页

作者： Yin Chen Jian-ping Huang Yong-Jiang Wang Meng-Ling tu Junheng Li Bingyan Xu Guoqing Peng Jing Yang Sheng-Xiong Huang State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650201China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Key Laboratory for Economic Plants and Biotechnology Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650201China

Camptothecin is a complex monoterpenoid indole alkaloid with remarkable antitumor *** that two C-10 modified camptothecin derivatives,topotecan and irinotecan,have been approved as potent anticancer agents,there is a critical need for methods to access other aromatic ringfunctionalized congeners(e.g.,C-9,C-10,etc.).However,contemporary methods for chemical oxidation are generally harsh and low-yielding when applied to the camptothecin scaffold,thereby limiting the development of modified *** herein,we have identified four tailoring enzymes responsible for C-9 modifications of camptothecin from Nothapodytes tomentosa,via metabolomic and transcriptomic *** consist of a cytochrome P450(Nt CPT9H)which catalyzes the regioselective oxidation of camptothecin to 9-hydroxycamptothecin,as well as two methyltransferases(Nt OMT1/2,converting 9-hydroxycamptothecin to 9-methoxycamptothecin),and a uridine diphosphate-glycosyltransferase(Nt UGT5,decorating 9-hydroxycamptothecin to9-β-D-glucosyloxycamptothecin).Importantly,the critical residues that contribute to the specific catalytic activity of Nt CPT9H have been elucidated through molecular docking and mutagenesis *** work provides a genetic basis for producing camptothecin derivatives through metabolic *** will hasten the discovery of novel C-9 modified camptothecin derivatives,with profound implications for pharmaceutical manufacture.

关键词： camptothecin biosynthesis enzymatic assay Nothapodytes tomentosa tailoring enzyme transcriptomic analysis

Divergence of trafficking and polarization mechanisms for PIN auxin transporters during land plant evolution

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Plant Communications 2024年第1期5卷 116-129页

作者： Han Tang Kuan-Ju Lu YuZhou Zhang You-liang Cheng Shih-Long tu Jiri Friml Institute of Science and Technology Austria(ISTA) Am Campus 13400 KlosterneuburgAustria Graduate Institute of Biotechnology National Chung Hsing UniversityNo.145Xingda Rd.South Dist.Taichung 40227TaiwanR.O.C College of Life Sciences Northwest A&F UniversityShaanxiYanglingChina Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology Academia Sinica128 Sec.2Academia RdNankangTaipei 11529TaiwanR.O.C Present address:Graduate Institute of Biochemistry National Chung Hsing UniversityNo.145Xingda Rd.South Dist.Taichung 40227TaiwanR.O.C

The phytohormone auxin,and its directional transport through tissues,plays a fundamental role in the development of higher *** polar auxin transport predominantly relies on PIN-FORMED(PIN)auxin ***,PIN polarization is crucial for development,but its evolution during the rise of morpho-logical complexity in land plants remains ***,we performed a cross-species investigation by observing the trafficking and localization of endogenous and exogenous PINs in two bryophytes,Physco-mitrium patens and Marchantia polymorpha,and in theflowering plant Arabidopsis *** confirmed that the GFP fusion did not compromise the auxin export function of all examined PINs by using a radioac-tive auxin export assay and by observing the phenotypic changes in transgenic *** PINs polarize tofilamentous apices,while exogenous Arabidopsis PINs distribute symmetrically on the membrane in both *** the Arabidopsis root epidermis,bryophytic PINs have no defined *** interference revealed a strong cytoskeletal dependence of bryophytic but not Arabidopsis PIN *** divergence of PIN polarization and trafficking is also observed within the bryophyte clade and between tissues of individual *** results collectively reveal the divergence of PIN traf-ficking and polarity mechanisms throughout land plant evolution and the co-evolution of PIN sequence-based and cell-based polarity mechanisms.

关键词： Arabidopsis evolution Marchantia Physcomitrium PINs polarization protein trafficking

Random vibration analysis of FGM plates subjected to moving load using a refined stochastic finite element method

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第4期34卷 42-56页

作者： Ngoc-tu Do Trung Thanh Tran Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Hanoi University of IndustryHanoiViet Nam Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Le Quy Don Technical UniversityHanoiViet Nam

The article introduces a finite element procedure using the bilinear quadrilateral element or four-node rectangular element(namely Q4 element) based on a refined first-order shear deformation theory(rFSDT) and Monte Carlo simulation(MCS), so-called refined stochastic finite element method to investigate the random vibration of functionally graded material(FGM) plates subjected to the moving *** advantage of the proposed method is to use r-FSDT to improve the accuracy of classical FSDT, satisfy the stress-free condition at the plate boundaries, and combine with MCS to analyze the vibration of the FGM plate when the parameter inputs are random quantities following a normal distribution. The obtained results show that the distribution characteristics of the vibration response of the FGM plate depend on the standard deviation of the input parameters and the velocity of the moving ***, the numerical results in this study are expected to contribute to improving the understanding of FGM plates subjected to moving loads with uncertain input parameters.

关键词： FGM Moving load R-FSDT Q4 element Monte Carlo simulation Random vibration

Regulating Actuations and Shapes of Liquid Crystal Elastomers through Combining Dynamic Covalent Bonds with Cooling-Rate-Mediated Control

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2024年第10期42卷 1442-1448,I0008页

作者： Ya-Wen Liu Huan liang Hong-tu Xu En-Jian He Zhi-Jun Yang Yi-Xuan Wang Yen Wei Zhen Li Yan Ji The Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry&Chemical Biology(Ministry of Education) Department of ChemistryTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China Advanced Materials and Energy Center Academy of Aerospace Science and InnovationBeijing100088China

Realizing multiple locked shapes in pre-oriented liquid crystal elastomers(LCEs)is highly desired for diversifying deformations and enhancing ***,conventional LCEs only deform between two shapes for each actuation cycle upon liquid crystal-isotropic phase transitions induced by external ***,we propose to regulate the actuation modes and the locked shapes of a pre-orientated epoxy LCE by combining dynamic covalent bonds with cooling-rate-mediated *** actuation modes can be adjusted on demand by exchange reactions of dynamic covalent *** from the established actuation modes,such as elongation,bending,and spiraling,the epoxy LCE displays varied locked shapes at room temperature under different cooling *** mediums are utilized to control the cooling rate,including water,silicone oil,and copper *** approach provides a novel way for regulating the actuation modes and locked shapes of cuttingedge intelligent devices.

关键词： Liquid crystal elastomer Epoxy Dynamic covalent bond Vitrimer Cooling rate