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Gut flora in multiple sclerosis:implications for pathogenesis and treatment

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第7期19卷 1480-1488页

作者： Weiwei zhang Ying Wang Mingqin Zhu Kangding Liu Hong-liang zhang Department of Neurology the First Hospital of Jilin UniversityJilin UniversityChangchunJilin ProvinceChina Department of Life Sciences National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaBeijingChina

Multiple sclerosis is an inflammatory disorder chara cterized by inflammation,demyelination,and neurodegeneration in the central nervous *** current first-line therapies can help manage symptoms and slow down disease progression,there is no cure for multiple *** gut-brain axis refers to complex communications between the gut flo ra and the immune,nervous,and endocrine systems,which bridges the functions of the gut and the *** in the gut flora,termed dys biosis,can lead to systemic inflammation,leaky gut syndrome,and increased susceptibility to *** pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis involves a combination of genetic and environmental factors,and gut flora may play a pivotal role in regulating immune responses related to multiple scle *** develop more effective therapies for multiple scle rosis,we should further uncover the disease processes involved in multiple sclerosis and gain a better understanding of the gut-brain *** review provides an overview of the role of the gut flora in multiple scle rosis.

关键词： gut flora gut-brain axis multiple sclerosis pathogenesis treatment

Investigating the elliptic anisotropy of identified particles in p-Pb collisions with a multi-phase transport model

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第2期35卷 160-169页

作者： Si-Yu Tang liang Zheng Xiao-Ming zhang Ren-Zhuo Wan School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences Wuhan Textile UniversityWuhan 430200China School of Mathematics and Physics China University of Geosciences(Wuhan)Wuhan 430074China Key Laboratory of Quark and Lepton Physics(MOE)and Institute of Particle Physics Central China Normal UniversityWuhan 430079China Hubei Key Laboratory of Digital Textile Equipment Wuhan Textile UniversityWuhan 430200China School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering Wuhan Textile UniversityWuhan 430200China

The elliptic azimuthal anisotropy coefficient(v_(2))of the identified particles at midrapidity(|η|<0.8)was investigated in p-Pb collisions at√s_(NN)=5.02 TeV using a multi-phase transport model(AMPT).The calculations of differential v_(2)based on the advanced flow extraction method of light flavor hadrons(pions,kaons,protons,andΛ)in small collision systems were extended to a wider transverse momentum(p_(T))range of up to 8 GeV/c for the first *** string-melting version of the AMPT model provides a good description of the measured p_(T)-differential v_(2)of the mesons but exhibits a slight deviation from the baryon v_(2).In addition,we observed the features of mass ordering at low p_(T)and the approximate number-of-constituentquark(NCQ)scaling at intermediate p_(T).Moreover,we demonstrate that hadronic rescattering does not have a significant impact on v_(2)in p-Pb collisions for different centrality selections,whereas partonic scattering dominates in generating the elliptic anisotropy of the final *** study provides further insight into the origin of collective-like behavior in small collision systems and has referential value for future measurements of azimuthal anisotropy.

关键词： Azimuthal anisotropy Small collision systems Transport model

Magnetic resonance imaging combined with serum endolipin and galactagoglobin-3 to diagnose cerebral infarction in the elderly with diabetes mellitus

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第7期15卷 1509-1517页

作者： Yan-Hui zhang Dong liang Magnetic Resonance Imaging Room Tianjin Huanhu HospitalTianjin 300350China Department of Endocrinology Tianjin First Central HospitalTianjin 300190China

BACKGROUND Magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)combined with serum endothelin and galactagoglobin-3(Gal-3)can improve the clinical diagnosis of diabetes mellitus complicated with cerebral *** To analyze the clinical value of MRI combined with serum endolipin and Gal-3 for the diagnosis of cerebral infarction in the elderly with diabetes *** One hundred and fifty patients with acute cerebral infarction hospitalized between January 2021 and December 2023 were divided into two groups according to comorbid diabetes mellitus,including 62 and 88 cases in the diabetic and nondiabetic cerebral infarction *** samples were collected to detect the expression of serum endolipoxins,and Gal-3,and cranial MRI was performed at *** between the two groups were compared to analyze the diagnostic value of these *** Serum endolipin and Gal-3 expression were higher in the diabetic cerebral infarction group(P<0.05).The arterial wall area,vessel area,normalized wall index,and lumen stenosis rate were higher in the diabetic cerebral infarction group,while the rate of arterial lumen moderate and severe stenosis was 48.39% higher(36.36%,P<0.05).The percentage of large(29.03%)and multiple infarcts(33.87%)in the diabetic cerebral infarction group was higher(13.64% and 20.45%),and the incidence rate of lacunar infarcts was lower(37.10%vs 65.91%)(P<0.05).The total incidence of arterial plaque in patients in the diabetic cerebral infarction group was 96.77% higher(69.32%),while the incidence of necrotic lipid core plaque was 58.06%higher(26.14%)(P<0.05).Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was performed to assess the diagnosis utility of these *** in combination with serum endoglin and Gal-3 had the highest area under the curve,the Yoden index,sensitivity and specificity(P<0.05).CONCLUSION The expression of serum endolipin and Gal-3 in elderly patients with diabetes mellitus with cerebral infarction showed an eleva

关键词： Endolipin Galectin-3 Magnetic resonance imaging Elderly Diabetes mellitus Cerebral infarction

Microstructural evolution,mechanical properties and degradation mechanism of PS-PVD quasi-columnar thermal barrier coatings exposed to glassy CMAS deposits

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Rare Metals 2024年第7期43卷 3329-3340页

作者： Zi-Yue Yu liang-liang Wei Xing-Ye Guo Bao-Peng zhang Qing He Hong-Bo Guo School of Materials Science and Engineering Beihang University Key Laboratory of High-Temperature Structure Materials and Protective Coatings (Ministry of Industry and Information Technology) Beihang University Surface Engineering Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Mechanization Sciences

Thermal barrier coatings（TBCs） applied in aeroengines tend to be attacked by molten calcia-magnesiaalumino-silicate（CMAS） at high operating ***-stabilized zirconia（YSZ） coatings with quasicolumnar microstructure were fabricated by plasma spray physical vapor deposition（PS-PVD） *** chemic al changes,micros tructural transform ation,mechanical properties and degradation mechanisms of the CM AS-interacted TBCs in the thermal cycling tests were *** YSZ grains were dissolved in the CMAS melts,and then the ZrO2grains were reprecipitated with spherical shape,accompanying with phase transformation from tetragonal（t） to monoclinic（m）.The thermal cycling tests reveal that the YSZ coating fails at the early stage due to the attack of *** fractures in intracolumns lead to partial spallation of the *** failure of the coating occurs at the interfaces between thermally grown oxides（TGO） layer and YSZ topcoat;especially,the hardness and Young's modulus of the YSZ coatings increase intensively,as the coatings were infiltrated by the CMAS for a long time.

关键词： CMAS Thermal barrier coatings Young’s modulus Thermal cycling behavior PS-PVD

Mechanism of capture section affecting an intake for atmosphere-breathing electric propulsion

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第1期37卷 51-63页

作者： Siyuan zhang Jinyuan YANG Cheng LI Haolin LI Liwei zhang liang DING Anbang SUN State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment School of Electrical EngineeringXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China China Academy of Aerospace Science and Innovation Beijing 100049China

Atmosphere-Breathing Electric Propulsion(ABEP)can compensate for lost momentum of spacecraft operating in Very Low Earth Orbit(VLEO)which has been widely concerned due to its excellent commercial *** is a key technology to improve the capture efficiency of intakes,which collect and compress the atmosphere for *** this paper,the mechanism of the capture section affecting capture efficiency is investigated by Test Particle Monte Carlo(TPMC)simulations with 3D intake *** inner surface smoothness and average collision number are determined to be key factors affecting capture efficiency,and a negative effect growth model is accordingly *** the inner surface smoothness is less than 0.2,the highest capture efficiency and its corresponding average collision number interval are independent of the capture section’s geometry and its mesh *** the inner surface smoothness is higher than 0.2,the capture efficiency will decrease by installing any capture *** on the present results,the manufacturing process and material selection are suggested to be prioritized during the intake geometry design in engineering ***,the highest capture efficiency can be achieved by adjusting the length and mesh size of the capture section.

关键词： Atmosphere-breathing electric propulsion Capture efficiency Capture section Intake Test particle Monte Carlo Very low earth orbit

Method for rapid warning and activity concentration estimates in online waterγ-spectrometry systems

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第3期35卷 1-12页

作者： Meng Wang Yi Gu Mao-Lin Xiong liang-Quan Ge Qing-Xian zhang Guo-Qiang Zeng Heng Lu Sheng-liang Guo College of Nuclear Technology and Automation Engineering Chengdu University of TechnologyChengdu 610059China Applied Nuclear Technology in Geosciences Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province (Chengdu University of Technology)Chengdu 610059China Chengdu New Ray Technology Co.Ltd Chengdu 610052China

Onlineγ-spectrometry systems for inland waters,most of which extract samples in situ and in real time,are able to produce reliable activity concentration measurements for waterborne radionuclides only when they are distributed relatively uniformly and enter into a steady-state diffusion regime in the measurement *** protect residents’health and ensure the safety of the living environment,better timeliness is required for this measurement *** address this issue,this study established a mathematical model of the online waterγ-spectrometry system so that rapid warning and activity estimates can be obtained for water under non-steady-state(NSS)*** addition,the detection efficiency of the detector for radionuclides during the NSS diffusion process was determined by applying the computational fluid dynamics technique in conjunction with Monte Carlo *** this basis,a method was developed that allowed the online waterγ-spectrometry system to provide rapid warning and activity concentration estimates for radionuclides in *** analysis of the NSS-mode measurements of^(40)K radioactive solutions with different activity concentrations determined the optimum warning threshold and measurement time for producing accurate activity concentration estimates for *** experimental results show that the proposed NSS measurement method is able to give warning and yield accurate activity concentration estimates for radionuclides 55.42 and 69.42 min after the entry of a 10 Bq/L^(40)K radioactive solution into the measurement chamber,*** times are much shorter than the 90 min required by the conventional measurement ***,the NSS measurement method allows the measurement system to give rapid(within approximately 15 min)warning when the activity concentrations of some radionuclides reach their respective limits stipulated in the Guidelines for Drinking-water Quality of the WHO,suggesting that this method con

关键词： Water radioactivity monitoring Dynamic detection efficiency Rapid warning Activity estimation

Spatiotemporal Characteristics of Typical Ecosystem Services and Their Spatial Responses to Driving Factors in Ecologically Fragile Areas in Upper Yellow River,China

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Chinese Geographical Science 2024年第4期34卷 674-688页

作者： liang Gui FANG Fengman LIN Yuesheng zhang Zhiming School of Geography and Tourism Anhui Normal UniversityWuhu 241003China Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Regional Response in the Yangtze Huaihe River Basin Anhui Normal UniversityWuhu 241003China

The identification of dominant driving factors for different ecosystem services(ESs)is crucial for ecological conservation and sustainable ***,the spatial heterogeneity of the dominant driving factors affecting various ESs has not been adequately elucidated,particularly in ecologically fragile *** study employed the integrated valuation of ESs and trade-offs(InVEST)model to evaluate four ESs,namely,water yield(WY),soil conservation(SC),habitat quality(HQ),and carbon storage(CS),and then to identify the dominant driving factors of spatiotemporal differentiation of ES and further to characterize the spatial heterogeneity characteristics of the dominant driving factors in the eco-fragile areas of the upper Yellow River,China from 2000 to *** results demonstrated that WY exhibited northeast-high and northwest-low patterns in the upper Yellow River region,while high values of SC and CS were distributed in central forested areas and a high value of HQ was distributed in vast grassland *** CS,WY,and SC exhibited decreasing trends over *** most critical factors affecting WY,SC,HQ,and CS were the actual evapotranspiration,precipitation,slope,and normalized difference vegetation index,*** addition,the effects of different factors on various ESs exhibited spatial *** results could provide spatial decision support for eco-protection and rehabilitation in ecologically fragile areas.

关键词： integrated valuation of ecosystem services and trade-offs(InVEST)model geographically weighted regression(GWR) natural factor spatial heterogeneity Lanxi urban agglomeration upper Yellow River China

Robust Correlation Clustering Problem with Locally Bounded Disagreements

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2024年第1期29卷 66-75页

作者： Sai Ji Min Li Mei liang Zhenning zhang Institute of Mathematics Hebei University of TechnologyTianjin 300401China School of Mathematics and Statistics Shandong Normal UniversityJinan 250358China College of Statistics and Data Science Beijing University of TechnologyBeijing 100124China Department of Operations Research and Information Engineering Beijing University of TechnologyBeijing 100124China

Min-max disagreements are an important generalization of the correlation clustering problem(CorCP).It can be defined as *** a marked complete graph G=(V,E),each edge in the graph is marked by a positive label"+"or a negative label"_"based on the similarity of the connected *** goal is to find a clustering C of vertices V,so as to minimize the number of disagreements at the vertex with the most ***,the disagreements are the positive cut edges and the negative non-cut edges produced by clustering *** paper considers two robust min-max disagreements:min-max disagreements with outliers and min-max disagreements with *** parameter δ∈(0,1/14),we first provide a threshold-based iterative clustering algorithm based on LP-rounding technique,which is a(1/δ,7/(1-14δ))-bi-criteria approximation algorithm for both the min-max disagreements with outliers and the min-max disagreements with outliers on one-sided complete bipartite ***,we verify that the above algorithm can achieve an approximation ratio of 21 for min-max disagreements with penalties when we set parameter δ=1/21.

关键词： min-max disagreements outliers penalties approximation algorithm LP-rounding

Recent progress in Prussian blue electrode for electrochromic devices

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Frontiers in Energy 2024年第2期18卷 160-186页

作者： Yongting zhang Wanzhong LI Hui GONG Qianqian zhang liang YAN Hao WANG Key Laboratory for New Functional Materials of the Ministry of Education Faculty of Materials and ManufacturingBeijing University of TechnologyBeijing 100124China School of Instrument Science and Engineering Southeast UniversityNanjing 210096China Beijing Aerospace Times Laser Inertial Technology Company Beijing 100094China

Great progress has been made in the electrochromic(EC)technology with potential applications in various *** one of the most promising EC materials,Prussian blue(PB)has attracted great attention due to its excellent EC performance,such as low cost,easy synthesis,rich color states,chemical stability,suitable redox potential,and fast color-switching *** review summarizes the recent progress in PB electrodes and devices,including several typical preparation techniques of PB electrodes,as well as the recent key strategies for enhancing EC performance of PB ***,PB-based electrochromic devices(ECDs)have been widely used in various fields,such as smart windows,electrochromic energy storage devices(EESDs),wearable electronics,smart displays,military camouflage,and other *** opportunities and obstacles are suggested for advancing the development of PB-based *** comprehensive review is expected to offer valuable insights for the design and fabrication of sophisticated PBbased ECDs,enabling their practical integration into realworld applications.

关键词： Prussian blue electrochromism energy storage smart windows