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A flame-retardant binder with high polysulfide affinity for safe and stable lithium–sulfur batteries

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Science china Chemistry 2024年第3期67卷 1028-1036页

作者： Guowei Yu Guofeng Ye cheng Wang Chenyang Wang Zhaoyun Wang Pu Hu Yu li Xi-Xi feng Shuang-Jie Tan Min yan Sen xin Zhitian liu Hubei Key Laboratory of Plasma Chemistry and Advanced Materials Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center of Optoelectronic and New Energy MaterialsSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringWuhan Institute of TechnologyWuhan 430205China State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070China CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular SciencesBeijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences(BNLMS)Institute of ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Beijing 100190China university of Chinese Academy of sciences Beijing 100049China

lithium-sulfur(li-S) batteries have shown promises for the next-generation, high-energy electrochemical storage, yet are hindered by rapid performance decay due to the polysulfide shuttle in the cathode and safety concerns about potential thermal runaway. To address the above challenges, herein, we show a flame-retardant cathode binder that simultaneously improves the electrochemical stability and safety of batteries. The combination of soft and hard segments in the polymer framework of binders allows high flexibility and mechanical strength for adapting to the drastic volume change during the li(de)intercalation of the S cathode. The binder contains a large number of polar groups, which show the high affinity to polysulfides so that they help to anchor active S species at the cathode. These polar groups also help to regulate and facilitate the li-ion transport, promoting the kinetics of polysulfide conversion reaction. The binder contains abundant phosphine oxide groups, which, in the case of battery's thermal runaway, decompose and release PO· radicals to quench the combustion reactions and stop the fire. Consequently, li-S batteries using the new cathode binder show the improved electrochemical performance, including a low-capacity decay of 0.046% per cycle for 800 cycles at 1 C and favorable rate capabilities of up to 3 C. This work offers new insights on the practical realization of high-energy rechargeable batteries with stable storage electrochemistry and high safety.

关键词： lithium–sulfur battery polymer binder polysulfide affinity flame retardancy

Neural stem cell-derived exosomes promote mitochondrial biogenesis and restore abnormal protein distribution in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第7期19卷 1593-1601页

作者： Bo li Yujie Chen yan Zhou Xuanran feng Guojun Gu Shuang Han Nianhao cheng Yawen Sun Yiming Zhang Jiahui cheng Qi Zhang Wei Zhang Jianhui liu Department of Radiology Renji HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina Morphology and Spatial Multi-Omics Technology Platform Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and HealthChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina Department of Anesthesiology Tongji HospitalSchool of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghaiChina Department of Blood Transfusion Huashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina

Mitochondrial dysfunction is a hallmark of Alzheimer’s disease.We previously showed that neural stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles improved mitochondrial function in the cortex of AP P/PS1 mice.Because Alzheimer’s disease affects the entire brain,further research is needed to elucidate alterations in mitochondrial metabolism in the brain as a whole.Here,we investigated the expression of several important mitochondrial biogenesis-related cytokines in multiple brain regions after treatment with neural stem cell-derived exosomes and used a combination of whole brain clearing,immunostaining,and lightsheet imaging to clarify their spatial distribution.Additionally,to clarify whether the sirtuin 1(SIRT1)-related pathway plays a regulatory role in neural stem cell-de rived exosomes interfering with mitochondrial functional changes,we generated a novel nervous system-SIRT1 conditional knoc kout AP P/PS1mouse model.Our findings demonstrate that neural stem cell-de rived exosomes significantly increase SIRT1 levels,enhance the production of mitochondrial biogenesis-related fa ctors,and inhibit astrocyte activation,but do not suppress amyloid-βproduction.Thus,neural stem cell-derived exosomes may be a useful therapeutic strategy for Alzheimer’s disease that activates the SIRT1-PGC1αsignaling pathway and increases NRF1 and COXIV synthesis to improve mitochondrial biogenesis.In addition,we showed that the spatial distribution of mitochondrial biogenesis-related factors is disrupted in Alzheimer’s disease,and that neural stem cell-derived exosome treatment can reverse this effect,indicating that neural stem cell-derived exosomes promote mitochondrial biogenesis.

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease mitochondrial biogenesis neural stem cell-derived exosome SIRT1-PGC1α regional brain distribution whole brain clearing and imaging

Identification of fangchinoline as a broad-spectrum enterovirus inhibitor through reporter virus based high-content screening

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Virologica Sinica 2024年第2期39卷 301-308页

作者： Qiu-yan Zhang Jia-Qi li Qi li yang Zhang Zhe-Rui Zhang Xiao-Dan li Hong-Qing Zhang cheng-lin Deng feng-Xia yang Yi Xu Bo Zhang The Joint Center of Translational Precision Medicine Department of Infections and DiseasesGuangzhou Institute of PediatricsGuangzhou Women and Children's Medical CenterGuangzhou510623China Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety Wuhan Institute of VirologyCenter for Biosafety Mega-ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan430071China university of Science and Technology of china Department of Life Sciences and MedicineHefei230026China Hunan Normal university School of MedicineChangsha410081China

Hand,foot,and mouth disease(HFMD)is a common pediatric illness mainly caused by enteroviruses,which are important human pathogens.Currently,there are no available antiviral agents for the therapy of enterovirus infection.In this study,an excellent high-content antiviral screening system utilizing the EV-A71-eGFP reporter virus was developed.Using this screening system,we screened a drug library containing 1042 natural compounds to identify potential EV-A71 inhibitors.Fangchinoline(FAN),a bis-benzylisoquinoline alkaloid,exhibits potential inhibitory effects against various enteroviruses that cause HFMD,such as EV-A71,CV-A10,CV-B3 and CV-A16.Further investigations revealed that FAN targets the early stage of the enterovirus life cycle.Through the selection of FAN-resistant EV-A71 viruses,we demonstrated that the VP1 protein could be a potential target of FAN,as two mutations in VP1(E145G and V258I)resulted in viral resistance to FAN.Our research suggests that FAN is an efficient inhibitor of EV-A71 and has the potential to be a broad-spectrum antiviral drug against human enteroviruses.

关键词： Hand,foot,and mouth disease(HFMD) Enterovirus EV-A71 High-content screening Fangchinoline(FAN)

Sustainable production of high-energy-density jet fuel via cycloaddition reactions

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第8期95卷 712-722页

作者： yan-cheng Hu Yingying Zhao Ning li Jing-Pei Cao school of Chemical Engineering and Technology China University of Mining and Technology school of Education Science Jiangsu Normal University CAS Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Applied Catalysis Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences

Developing an energy supply-chain based on renewable biomass holds great potential to build a low carbon society. High-energy-density(HED) jet fuel, featuring unique fused/strained cycloalkanes, is of great significance for volume-limited military aircrafts, as their high density and combustion heat can extend flight duration and increase the payload. Therefore, the exploration of biomass-based routes towards HED fuel has drawn much attention over the past decade. Cycloaddition reaction features rapid construction of various carbocycles in an atom-and step-economical fashion. This elegant strategy has been widely applied in the manufacture of sustainable HED fuel. Here we carefully summarize the progress achieved in this fascinating area and the review is categorized by the cycloaddition patterns including [4+2], [2+2],[4+4], and [2+1] cycloadditions. Besides, the energy densities of the as-prepared biofuels and petroleumbased fuels(conventional Jet-A and advanced JP-10) are also compared. This review will provide important insights into rational design of new HED fuel with different ring-types/sizes and inspire the chemists to turn those literature studies into practical applications in military field.

关键词： Biomass-based chemicals Catalysis Cycloaddition Cycloalkanes High-energy-density fuel

Mechanochemical route to fabricate an efficient nitrate reduction electrocatalyst

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Nano Research 2024年第6期17卷 4889-4897页

作者： Yunliang liu Zhiyu Zheng Sobia Jabeen Naiyun liu Yixian liu Yuanyuan cheng Yaxi li Jingwen Yu xin Wu Nina yan Lei Xu Haitao li Institute for Energy Research School of Energy and Power EngineeringJiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013China Jiangsu Engineering Technology Research Center of Biomass Composites and Addictive Manufacturing Institute of Agricultural Facilities and EquipmentJiangsu Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanjing 210014China Key Laboratory for Protected Agricultural Engineering in the Middle and Lower Reaches of yangtze River Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsNanjing 210014China

The electrochemical nitrate reduction reaction(NO_(3)RR)to ammonia under ambient conditions is a promising approach for addressing elevated nitrate levels in water bodies,but the progress of this reaction is impeded by the complex series of chemical reactions involving electron and proton transfer and competing hydrogen evolution reaction.Therefore,it becomes imperative to develop an electro-catalyst that exhibits exceptional efficiency and remarkable selectivity for ammonia synthesis while maintaining long-term stability.Herein the magnetic biochar(Fe-C)has been synthesized by a two-step mechanochemical route after a pyrolysis treatment(450,700,and 1000℃),which not only significantly decreases the particle size,but also exposes more oxygen-rich functional groups on the surface,promoting the adsorption of nitrate and water and accelerating electron transfer to convert it into ammonia.Results showed that the catalyst(Fe-C-700)has an impressive NH_(3)production rate of 3.5 mol·h^(−1)·gcat^(−1),high Faradaic efficiency of 88%,and current density of 0.37 A·cm^(−2)at 0.8 V vs.reversible hydrogen electrode(RHE).In-situ Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR)is used to investigate the reaction intermediate and to monitor the reaction.The oxygen functionalities on the catalyst surface activate nitrate ions to form various intermediates(NO_(2),NO,NH_(2)OH,and NH_(2))and reduce the rate determining step energy barrier(*NO_(3)→*NO_(2)).This study presents a novel approach for the use of magnetic biochar as an electro-catalyst in NO_(3)RR and opens the road for solving environmental and energy challenges.

关键词： mechanochemical route magnetic biochar electron transfer nitrate ammonia

A naturally derived small molecule compound suppresses tumor growth and metastasis in mice by relieving p53-dependent repression of CDK2/Rb signaling and the Snail-driven EMT

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Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 2024年第2期22卷 112-126页

作者： REN Boxue li yang DI Lei cheng Ranran liU lijuan li Hongmei li Yi TANG Zhangrui yan Yongming LU Tao FU Rong cheng Yongxian WU Zhaoqiu State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines Department of PharmacologySchool of PharmacyChina Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing 211198China Institute for Inheritance-Based Innovation of Chinese Medicine School of Pharmaceutical SciencesShenzhen University Health Science CenterShenzhen 518060China

The tumor suppressor protein p53 is central to cancer biology,with its pathway reactivation emerging as a promising therapeutic strategy in oncology.This study introduced LZ22,a novel compound that selectively inhibits the growth,migration,and metastasis of tumor cells expressing wild-type p53,demonstrating ineffectiveness in cells devoid of p53 or those expressing mutant p53.LZ22’s mechanism of action involves a high-affinity interaction with the histidine-96 pocket of the MDM2 protein.This interaction disrupted the MDM2-p53 binding,consequently stabilizing p53 by shielding it from proteasomal degradation.LZ22 impeded cell cycle progression and diminished cell proliferation by reinstating the p53-dependent suppression of the CDK2/Rb signaling pathway.Moreover,LZ22 alleviated the p53-dependent repression of Snail transcription factor expression and its consequent EMT,effectively reducing tumor cell migration and distal metastasis.Importantly,LZ22 administration in tumor-bearing mice did not manifest notable side effects.The findings position LZ22 as a structurally unique reactivator of p53,offering therapeutic promise for the management of human cancers with wild-type TP53.

关键词： LZ22 Wild-type p53 p53 Reactivator Snail-driven EMT Tumor growth and metastasis

Fecal microbiota transplantation for treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease:Mechanism,clinical evidence,and prospect

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第8期30卷 833-842页

作者： Xiao-Xia Qiu Sheng-li cheng yan-Hui liu Yu li Rui Zhang Nan-Nan li Zheng li Research and Education Department Shulan(Hangzhou)Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Shuren University Shulan International Medical CollegeHangzhou 310022Zhejiang ProvinceChina Anhui Provincial Hospital The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230000Anhui ProvinceChina Department of Clinical Pharmacy Anhui Provincial Children’s HospitalHefei 230000Anhui ProvinceChina Department of Pharmacy Taihe County People’s Hospital of Anhui ProvinceFuyang 236600Anhui ProvinceChina Department of Pharmacy The Second People’s Hospital of HefeiHefei Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical UniversityHefei 230000Anhui ProvinceChina university of Science and Technology of china The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230001Anhui ProvinceChina Jiangsu Engineering Research Center of Cardiovascular Drugs Targeting Endothelial Cells College of Health SciencesSchool of Life SciencesJiangsu Normal UniversityXuzhou 221000Jiangsu ProvinceChina

The population of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)patients along with relevant advanced liver disease is projected to continue growing,because currently no medications are approved for treatment.Fecal microbiota transplantation(FMT)is believed a novel and promising therapeutic approach based on the concept of the gut-liver axis in liver disease.There has been an increase in the number of pre-clinical and clinical studies evaluating FMT in NAFLD treatment,however,existing findings diverge on its effects.Herein,we briefly summarized the mechanism of FMT for NAFLD treatment,reviewed randomized controlled trials for evaluating its efficacy in NAFLD,and proposed the prospect of future trials on FMT.

关键词： Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Fecal microbiota transplantation Randomized controlled trial Mechanism Efficacy

Geometry and formation mechanism of tension gashes and their implication on the hydrocarbon accumulation in the deep-seated strata of sedimentary basin:A case from Shunnan area of Tarim Basin

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Petroleum Science 2024年第1期21卷 87-99页

作者： yan-Nan Du Kong-You Wu Yin liu yan-Ying li Zi-cheng Cao You-Wei Cui Jun liu Key Laboratory of Deep Oil and Gas School of GeosciencesChina University of Petroleum(East China)Qingdao 266580ShandongChina Exploration and Development Research Institute SINOPEC Northwest Oilfield BranchUrumqi 830011XinjiangChina The Fifth Gas Production Plant Changqing OilfieldPetroChinaXi'an 710018ShaanxiChina

With the theoretical and technological developments related to cratonic strike-slip faults,the Shuntuoguole Low Uplift in the Tarim Basin has attracted considerable attention recently.Affected by multi-stage tectonic movements,the strike-slip faults have controlled the distribution of hydrocarbon resources owing to the special fault characteristics and fault-related structures.In contrast,the kinematics and formation mechanism of strike-slip faults in buried sedimentary basins are difficult to investigate,limiting the discussion of these faults and hydrocarbon accumulation.In this study,we identified the characteristics of massive sigmoidal tension gashes(STGs)that formed in the Shunnan area of the Tarim Basin.High-resolution three-dimensional seismic data and attribute analyses were used to investigate their geometric and kinematic characteristics.Then,the stress state of each point of the STGs was calculated using seismic curvature attributes.Finally,the formation mechanism of the STGs and their roles in controlling hydrocarbon migration and accumulation were discussed.The results suggest that:(1)the STGs developed in the Shunnan area have a wide distribution,with a tensile fault arranged in an enéchelon pattern,showing an S-shaped bending.These STGs formed in multiple stages,and differential rotation occurred along the direction of strike-slip stress during formation.(2)Near the principal displacement zone of the strike-slip faults,the stress value of the STGs was higher,gradually decreasing at both ends.The shallow layer deformation was greater than the deep layer deformation.(3)STGs are critical for connecting source rocks,migrating oil and gas,sealing horizontally,and developing efficient reservoirs.This study not only provides seismic evidence for the formation and evolution of super large STGs,but also provides certain guidance for oil and gas exploration in this area.

关键词： Tarim Basin Sigmoidal tension gashes Seismic attributes Shear stress calculation Formation mechanism Reservoir control

Revealing the atomic mechanism of diamond–iron interfacial reaction

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Carbon Energy 2024年第3期6卷 255-263页

作者： Yalun Ku Kun Xu Longbin yan Kuikui Zhang Dongsheng Song xing li Shunfang li Shaobo cheng Chongxin Shan Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Materials and Devices Key Laboratory of Material PhysicsMinistry of EducationSchool of Physics and MicroelectronicsZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina Department of Mechanical Engineering Stanford UniversityStanfordCaliforniaUSA Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of EducationInstitutes of Physical Science and Information TechnologyAnhui UniversityHefeiChina Institute of quantum Materials and Physics Henan Academy of SciencesZhengzhouChina

Diamond,with ultrahigh hardness,high wear resistance,high thermal conductivity,and so forth,has attracted worldwide attention.However,researchers found emergent reactions at the interfaces between diamond and ferrous materials,which significantly affects the performance of diamond-based devices.Herein,combing experiments and theoretical calculations,taking diamond–iron(Fe)interface as a prototype,the counter-diffusion mechanism of Fe/carbon atoms has been established.Surprisingly,it is identified that Fe and diamond first form a coherent interface,and then Fe atoms diffuse into diamond and prefer the carbon vacancies sites.Meanwhile,the relaxed carbon atoms diffuse into the Fe lattice,forming Fe_(3)C.Moreover,graphite is observed at the Fe_(3)C surface when Fe_(3)C is over-saturated by carbon atoms.The present findings are expected to offer new insights into the atomic mechanism for diamondferrous material's interfacial reactions,benefiting diamond-based device applications.

关键词： coherent interface counter-diffusion diamond iron phase transition